{{Short description|American geologist (1924–2020)}} {{Infobox Scientist |name = Meyer Rubin |image = Meyer Rubin Lab 1968.jpg |image_width = |caption = |birth_date = {{birth date|1924|2|17|mf=y}} |birth_place = Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2020|5|2|1924|2|17|mf=y}}<ref name="deathcert">''Certificate of death: Meyer Rubin.'' Filed 5 May 2020. Commonwealth of Virginia, Dept. of Health Div. of Vital Records, Richmond, File No. 20-025140. Informant: Mark R. Rubin, Manassas, Virginia</ref><ref name="WPobit">{{cite news |last1=Rosenwald |first1=Michael S. |title=Geochemist Meyer Rubin, who predicted the Mount St. Helens eruption, dies of covid-19 at 96 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/geochemist-meyer-rubin-who-predicted-the-mount-st-helens-eruption-dies-of-covid-19-at-96/2020/05/28/109268d4-a057-11ea-9590-1858a893bd59_story.html |newspaper=Washington Post |access-date=29 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref> |death_place = Manassas, Virginia, U.S. |field = Geology, geochemistry |work_institution = United States Geological Survey |alma_mater = University of Chicago |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = |prizes = {{hlist|Washington Academy of Sciences Award, 1959|Department of the Interior Meritorious Service Award, 1974}} |religion = |footnotes = }}
'''Meyer Rubin''' (February 17, 1924 – May 2, 2020) was an American geologist known for his radiocarbon dating work with the United States Geological Survey.<ref name="pioneer">{{cite journal | last1 = Burr | first1 = G S | last2 = McGeehin | first2 = Jack | title = MEYER RUBIN—A RADIOCARBON PIONEER | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 64 | issue = 3 | pages = 501–506 | date = 2022 | doi = 10.1017/RDC.2021.65 | bibcode = 2022Radcb..64..501B | doi-access = free }}</ref>
== Early career == After graduating from Englewood High School, South Side, Chicago, in 1941, he attended the Woodrow Wilson Junior College, Chicago (now the Kennedy–King College). In the spring of 1943, Rubin enlisted into a University of Chicago run pre-meteorology training program (class "B") for the United States Army Air Forces (AAF); active duty effective March 3, 1943.<ref name="SO31">HEADQUARTERS, SIXTH SERVICE COMMAND, SERVICES OF SUPPLY, Special Orders No. 31. (5 February 1943)</ref> Basic training was at Fort Sheridan with classes held at the University of Michigan. Rubin finished his training in September 1943, and was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant. He was shipped off first to Port Moresby, New Guinea, and then later to the Philippines, to help forecast weather for AAF long range flights in the Pacific Theater of World War II.<ref name="SO52">HEADQUARTERS, DETROIT CIVILIAN SCHOOLS AREA, AAF CENTRAL TECHNICAL TRAINING COMMAND, Special Orders No. 52 (21 Sept., 1943)</ref> After Japan surrendered, Rubin was sent to Tokyo as part of the post war occupation.
Rubin returned to the States in 1946 and attended, on the G.I. Bill, the University of Chicago, from which he earned his bachelor’s and master's degree, and later his Ph.D. in Geology (Prof. Leland Horberg, advisor).<ref name="Chi.94.1"> {{cite magazine | last = Stewart | first = Sharla A. | title = Forever bobbing baubles | journal = University of Chicago Magazine | volume = 94 | issue = 1 | date = October 2001 | url = https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0110/features/efforts-baubles.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20030702020437/https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0110/features/efforts-baubles.html | archive-date = July 2, 2003 | issn = 0041-9508 }}</ref>
Rubin joined the U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C., on June 14, 1950, as a member of the Branch of Military Geology, then led by Frank C. Whitmore, Jr.
== Radiocarbon laboratory == In 1952, Hans E. Suess was hired by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to set up a radiocarbon dating laboratory in Washington, D.C. and built the radiocarbon apparatus in a basement space in the GSA Building (former Department of the Interior Building) located at 1800 F St., NW. A basement space was needed due to the extreme mass of the two steel and lead shielded counter assemblies. In early 1953, Corrine Alexander joined the radiocarbon project, followed by Rubin in December of the same year.<ref name="DatesI">{{cite journal | last1 = Suess | first1 = Hans E. | author1-link = Hans Suess | title = U.S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates I | journal = Science | volume = 120 | issue = 3117 | pages = 467–473 | date = 24 Sep 1954 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.120.3117.467 | pmid = 17829655 | bibcode = 1954Sci...120..467S }}</ref> Routine radiocarbon {{chem|14|C}} measurements were begun in the summer of 1953.<ref name="EarlyYears">{{Citation | last = Suess | first = Hans E. | title = Radiocarbon After Four Decades | chapter = The Early Radiocarbon Years: Personal Reflections | author-link = Hans Suess | place = New York, NY | publisher = Springer | year = 1992 | page = 12 | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4757-4249-7_2 | isbn = 978-1-4757-4251-0 }}</ref>
Willard Libby, inventor of the {{chem|14|C}} dating method and 1960 Nobel Prize winner used a solid carbon method for sample determination, whereas Suess, upon seeing Libby's method in Chicago knew that he would try the gas, acetylene C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>, as he had success with acetylene in the 1930s in Germany for other radiochemical determinations.<ref name="nobel">{{Citation | first = Willard F. | last = Libby | author-link = Willard Libby | title = Radiocarbon dating | date = December 12, 1960 | series = Nobel Lecture | url = https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/libby-lecture.pdf }}</ref><ref name="Acetylene">{{cite journal | last1 = Suess | first1 = Hans E. | author1-link = Hans Suess | title = Natural Radiocarbon Measurements by Acetylene Counting | journal = Science | volume = 120 | issue = 3105 | pages = 5–7 | date = 2 July 1954 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.120.3105.5 | pmid = 17797499 }}</ref> This was a significant step as it allowed more efficient counting and easy movement of the counting material between the extraction apparatus, gas purification line and the two counters. Rubin initially assisted in the acetylene preparation, and as a geologist provided valuable input on the selection of samples and interpretation of results.<ref name="DatesI"/> In the first two years, the laboratory produced approximately 200 {{chem|14|C}} age determinations, which were critically important to unravel the various details of the most recent Pleistocene glaciation, the Wisconsin stage, among other geological problems.<ref name="DatesI"/><ref name="DatesII">{{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Suess | first2 = Hans E. | author2-link = Hans Suess | title = U.S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates II | journal = Science | volume = 121 | issue = 3145 | pages = 481–488 | date = 8 April 1955 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.121.3145.481 | pmid = 17817378 | bibcode = 1955Sci...121..481R }}</ref>
Rubin became director of the USGS Radiocarbon Laboratory in 1955 when Suess left to set up a new laboratory at Scripps Institute of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA.<ref name="UcsdLabAnn"> {{cite press release | author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> | title = Anniversary of Radiocarbon Laboratory | url = http://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb1332323z/_2.pdf | location = San Diego, California | publisher = University of California, San Diego | date = September 19, 1967 | access-date = September 15, 2018 }}</ref>
The next few years at the USGS were devoted to perfecting the acetylene technique and applying it to a multitude of geological and archaeological research. Rubin continued his research on the Wisconsin glacial stage and used the results for his doctoral dissertation, earning his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1956.<ref name="Dissertation">{{Citation | last = Rubin | first = Meyer | title = A Radiocarbon Chronology of Glacial Events During Wisconsin Time (Doctoral dissertation, University of Chicago, Department of Geology) | year = 1956}}</ref><ref name="Chi.94.1"/>
In 1973, Rubin and the laboratory moved into a newly built USGS national headquarters in Reston, Virginia.<ref name="NatCenUsgs"> {{Citation | last = Schmidt | first = William A. | title = Planning and Acquiring A National Center for the United States Geological Survey | journal = USGS Report | year = 1993 | page = 172 | doi = 10.3133/70160010 | bibcode = 1993usgs.rept..172S | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70160010/report.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170224121237/https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70160010/report.pdf | archive-date = February 24, 2017 }}</ref>
Rubin kept a room full of samples in the lab as part of the "tour," which included samples he said were wood relics from King Solomon's mines and the Queen of Sheba's palace, linen wraps from the Dead Sea Scrolls, and a large piece of whale baleen.<ref name="WPobit"/> He also kept a guest book he would ask visitors to sign.
== History of work == In April 1955, Rubin and Suess published the second set of {{chem|14|C}} results from the lab's first year of operation.<ref name="DatesII"/> One of their main focuses was on establishing an absolute time scale for the Wisconsin glaciation substages prior to what was known as the Mankato substage (the most recent glacial advance, around 9,000-11,000 years ago).<ref name="DatesII"/><ref name="WisconsinanStage"/> Suess's acetylene method for carbon counting extended the dating range back to approximately 45,000 years, making it possible to fix in time pre-Mankato glacial events by dating wood and other organic material from older glacial deposits.<ref name="PreManko">{{cite journal | last1 = Flint | first1 = Richard Foster | author1-link = Richard Foster Flint | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Radiocarbon Dates of Pre-Mankato Events in Eastern and Central North America | journal = Science | volume = 121 | issue = 3149 | pages = 649–658 | date = 6 May 1955 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.121.3149.649 | pmid = 17769451 | bibcode = 1955Sci...121..649F | s2cid = 23848648 }}</ref> Richard Foster Flint assembled a collection of samples that were dated at the lab.<ref name="PreManko"/> Some of the samples were collected by Rubin in collaboration with other geologists such as J Harlen Bretz (who was Rubin's Geomorphology professor at UChicago), Carl Leland Horberg, William John Wayne, Richard Parker Goldthwait, James Zumberge, and Donald Eschman.<ref name="PreManko"/> Samples were collected by other collectors as well. Flint and Rubin published a brief assessment of the stratigraphic meaning of these samples and their {{chem|14|C}} age determinations in May 1955.<ref name="PreManko"/> One of the conclusions was that a major glaciation began 25,000 or more years ago and reached a maximum about 20,000 years ago.<ref name="DatesII"/><ref name="PreManko"/> The {{chem|14|C}} results were consistent.<ref name="PreManko"/>
In 1963, Rubin questioned the validity of {{chem|14|C}} dates from sea snail shells. Experiments showed that snails could uptake 10-12 percent inorganic carbonate from limestone, yielding an uncertainty in the {{chem|14|C}} dates of approximately one thousand years.<ref name="Snails">{{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Likins | first2 = Robert C. | last3 = Elmer | first3 = G. Berry | title = On the Validity of Radiocarbon Dates from Snail Shells | journal = The Journal of Geology | volume = 71 | issue = 1 | pages = 84–89 | date = January 1963 | doi = 10.1086/626878 | bibcode = 1963JG.....71...84R | s2cid = 129644650 }}</ref>
In 1964, Rubin and A. A. Rosen, of the U.S. Public Health Service, showed that by measuring {{chem|14|C}} content of surface water it is possible to determine the relative contributions of industrial pollution (from fossil fuels) and domestic pollution (from domestic sewage and garbage) in streams—desirable information for planning abatement measures.<ref name="c14streams">{{cite journal | last1 = Rosen | first1 = A. A. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Natural carbon-14 activity of organic substances in streams | journal = Science | volume = 143 | issue = 3611 | pages = 1163–1164 | date = 1964 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.143.3611.1163 | pmid = 17833900 | bibcode = 1964Sci...143.1163R | s2cid = 206564726 }}</ref><ref name="NatIndPoll">{{cite journal | last1 = Rosen | first1 = A. A. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Discriminating between Natural and Industrial Pollution through Carbon Dating | journal = Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation | volume = 37 | issue = 9 | pages = 1302–1307 | date = September 1965 | issn = 1554-7531 | pmid = 5825885 | jstor = 25035373 }}</ref><ref name="EnvironmentalIsotopes">{{Citation | last1 = Aelion | first1 = C. Marjorie | last2 = Höhener | first2 = Patrick | last3 = Hunkeler| first3 = Daniel | last4 = Aravena | first4 = Ramon | title = Environmental Isotopes in Biodegradation and Bioremediation | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2009 | chapter = 11.6.1.1 | page = 367 | language = en | isbn = 9781566706612 }}</ref> An activated carbon filter system was used to collect samples of organic contaminants in water, which were then extracted using chloroform and ethanol, and converted to acetylene for {{chem|14|C}} measurement, making use of a double-tube combustion system developed to completely burn the highly flammable samples in a controlled manner.<ref name="c14streams"/><ref name="NatIndPoll"/> Fossil carbon such as petroleum, natural gas, and coal is depleted in {{chem|14|C}} compared to the contemporary carbon in animal and plant matter.<ref name="c14streams"/><ref name="NatIndPoll"/> Their data was reported as a proportion of contemporary carbon to fossil carbon, and the results where consistent with the known pollution sources at the chosen sample sites, and provided new information at sites where this proportion could not be predicted by other means.<ref name="NatIndPoll"/> This work was expanded upon in 1975 by Spiker and Rubin, when they published a water pollution study describing the measurement of {{chem|14|C}} activity of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in surface water and groundwater, this time applying high-intensity ultraviolet radiation to large water samples to convert DOC to {{CO2}} via photo-oxidation, for {{chem|14|C}} measurement.<ref name="SpikerRubin">{{cite journal | last1 = Spiker | first1 = E. C. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Petroleum Pollutants in Surface and Groundwater as Indicated by the Carbon-14 Activity of Dissolved Organic Carbon | journal = Science | volume = 187 | issue = 4171 | pages = 61–64 | date = 10 January 1975 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.187.4171.61 | pmid = 17844210 | bibcode = 1975Sci...187...61S | s2cid = 22094386 }}</ref> This was one of the early investigations of groundwater DOC impacted by industrial and municipal pollution.<ref name="EnvironmentalIsotopes"/>
In 1965, Bruce B. Hanshaw, William Back, and Rubin determined the origin of saline water contaminating the Ocala Limestone aquifer near Brunswick, Georgia by measuring the {{chem|14|C}} activity of water in and around the aquifer.<ref name="c14aquifer">{{cite journal | last1 = Hanshaw | first1 = Bruce B. | last2 = Back | first2 = William | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | last4 = Wait | first4 = Robert L. | title = Relation of Carbon 14 Concentrations to Saline Water Contamination of Coastal Aquifers | journal = Water Resources Research | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = 109–114 | date = March 1965 | doi = 10.1029/WR001i001p00109 | bibcode = 1965WRR.....1..109H }}</ref> They found that the contamination was coming from the underlying Claiborne Group, which had relatively low {{chem|14|C}} content due to lack of exposure to atmospheric carbon, and not from the nearby ocean.<ref name="c14aquifer"/> These results were in agreement with previous investigations using piezometric maps and other more traditional hydrologic data.<ref name="c14aquifer"/> This work laid the foundation for the use of carbon isotopes to delineate flow systems in regional carbonate aquifers.<ref name="HanshawMemorial">{{cite web | url = http://www.geosociety.org/documents/gsa/memorials/v30/hanshaw.pdf | title = Memorial To Bruce B. Hanshaw 1930–1998 | website = geosociety.org | publisher = U.S. Geological Society | access-date = July 18, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190712044818/http://www.geosociety.org/documents/gsa/memorials/v30/hanshaw.pdf | archive-date = July 12, 2019 }}</ref>
First publishing together in 1967, George Plafker, Rubin, and their colleagues did painstaking fieldwork after the magnitude 9.2 Alaskan earthquake in 1964, covering hundreds of kilometers of Alaskan shoreline in small boats, helicopters, and float-equipped aircraft after the 1964 quake helped to launch a new field of megathrust earthquake geology, which used observations of the placement and {{chem|14|C}} dating of intertidal organisms such as acorn barnacles, mussels and rockweed to determine the amounts of vertical change in land relative to sea level near subduction zones.<ref name="Plafker67Vertical">{{cite journal | last1 = Plafker | first1 = George | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Vertical tectonic displacements in south-central Alaska during and prior to the great 1964 earthquake | journal = Geosci. Osaka City Univ. | volume = 10 | pages = 53–66 | date = 1967 }}</ref><ref name="Plafker78Late">{{cite journal | last1 = Plafker | first1 = G. | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Hudson | first2 = T. | last3 = Bruns | first3 = T. | last4 = Rubin | first4 = M. | author4-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Late Quaternary offsets along the Fairweather fault and crustal plate interactions in southern Alaska | journal = Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences | volume = 15 | issue = 5 | pages = 805–816 | date = 1978 | doi = 10.1139/e78-085 | bibcode = 1978CaJES..15..805P }}</ref><ref name="Plafker78Uplift">{{cite journal | last1 = Plafker | first1 = George | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Uplift history and earthquake recurrence as deduced from marine terraces on Middleton Island, Alaska | journal = US Geol. Surv. Open File Rep., 78 | volume = 943 | pages = 687–721 | date = 1978 | url = https://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/usgs/of/text/of78-0943.pdf | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191006160510/http://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/usgs/of/text/of78-0943.pdf | archive-date = October 6, 2019 }}</ref> Plafker and his colleagues determined that the massive Alaskan quake was caused by rupture along a deeply buried fault in a subduction zone where the Pacific Plate thrusts north below the North American Plate.{{sfn|Plafker|Lajoie|Rubin|1992|pp=436–453}} Earlier accounts of the Alaskan earthquake had suggested that the quake took place as slip along a vertical fault, as the Pacific Plate rotated counter-clockwise against the North American Plate. These studies by Plafker, Rubin and colleagues were very important evidence for the existence of subduction processes during the early debates of plate tectonics. See {{harvnb|Plafker|Lajoie|Rubin|1992|pp=436–453}} for a geological and historical summary.
In 1968, Rubin co-authored with John Chapman Frye, H. B. Willman, and R. F. Black the official USGS "Definition of Wisconsinan Stage," which defined and described the Wisconsinan Stage of the Pleistocene and its substages as time-stratigraphic units for use in Illinois and Wisconsin.<ref name="WisconsinanStage">{{Citation | last1 = Frye | first1 = John Chapman | last2 = Willman | first2 = H. B. | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | last4 = Black | first4 = Robert F. | title = Definition of Wisconsinan Stage | journal = USGS Report | place = Washington, DC | publisher = U.S. Government Printing Office | series = Contributions to stratigraphy, Geological Survey bulletin | volume = 1274-E | year = 1968 | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1274e/report.pdf | doi = 10.3133/b1274E | doi-access = free | bibcode = 1968usgs.rept....1F }}</ref>
In 1973, Rubin dated charcoal from campfires used by Paleo-Indians at Flint Run Complex in the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, to be 10,000 years old—the oldest evidence of man in the state at the time.<ref name="FlintRun">{{cite news | title = Oldest evidence of man in state is 10,000 years | newspaper = The Free Lance-Star | location = Fredericksburg, Virginia | pages = 11 | date = June 4, 1973 | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1298&dat=19730604&id=JQwUAAAAIBAJ&pg=5092,3680597&hl=en | access-date = January 7, 2019 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
Rubin thoroughly analyzed Mount St. Helens in the years and months preceding its 1980 eruption.<ref name="WoPoEruption">{{cite news | last = O'Toole | first = Thomas | title = Geologists Say Large Eruption Could Trigger 20 Years of Activity | newspaper = The Washington Post | date = April 7, 1980 | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/04/07/geologists-say-large-eruption-could-trigger-20-years-of-activity/0862f131-84ff-4d1a-b315-7584535adc42 | access-date = January 9, 2019}}</ref> He worked with Dwight Crandell and Donal R. Mullineaux on their paper published in 1975, which correctly predicted an eruption could occur before the turn of the century.<ref name="Shasta1975">{{cite journal | last1 = Crandell | first1 = Dwight R. | author1-link = Dwight Crandell | last2 = Mullineaux | first2 = Donal R. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Mount St. Helens Volcano: Recent and Future Behavior | journal = Science | volume = 187 | issue = 4175 | pages = 438–441 | date = 7 February 1975 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.187.4175.438 | pmid = 17835309 | bibcode = 1975Sci...187..438C | s2cid = 206569097 }}</ref>
In 1977, Rubin collaborated with Harry E. Gove and others in early demonstrations of successful {{chem|14|C}} measurement using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at the University of Rochester.<ref name="GovePaper">{{cite journal | last1 = Gove | first1 = Harry E. | last2 = Elmore | first2 = David | last3 = Ferraro | first3 = R. D. | last4 = Beukens | first4 = R. P. | last5 = Chang | first5 = K. H. | last6 = Kilius | first6 = L. R. | last7 = Lee | first7 = H. W. | last8 = Litherland | first8 = A. E. | last9 = Purser | first9 = K. H. | last10 = Rubin | first10 = Meyer | author10-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Radiocarbon Dating with Tandem Electrostatic Accelerators | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 785–793 | date = 1980 | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/19E49C9EAA27A1A5E16BA868C1DEEA68/S003382220001016Xa.pdf/radiocarbon_dating_with_tandem_electrostatic_accelerators.pdf | doi = 10.1017/S003382220001016X | bibcode = 1980Radcb..22..785G | doi-access = free }}</ref> Development of this technique made possible the 1988 radiocarbon dating of the Shroud of Turin, as it allowed for much smaller samples to be used. Gove had a central role in the Shroud project and brought Rubin in for his expertise.<ref name="GoveBook">{{cite book | last = Gove | first = Harry E. | title = Relic, Icon or Hoax?: Carbon Dating the Turin Shroud | publisher = CRC Press | date = 1996 | pages = 17, 22, 46, 57, 59–60, 77 | isbn = 0750303980 }}</ref>
What is today the Great Salt Lake in Utah was previously a massive Lake Bonneville which covered most of northern Utah. Rubin and colleagues determined the changing levels of this ancient lake including a catastrophic flood caused by a sudden overflow of the lake, known as the Bonneville flood. This very exciting epoch in the geologic history of North America was followed chronologically by Rubin in a series a radiocarbon dates, which contributed to publications such as "Great Salt Lake, and precursors, Utah: the last 30,000 years" (1984).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Scott | first1 = W.E. | last2 = McCoy | first2 =W.D. | last3 = Shroba | first3 = R.R. | last4 = Rubin | first4 = M. | author4-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Reinterpretation of the exposed record of the last two cycles of Lake Bonneville, Western United States | journal = Quaternary Research | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 261–285 | date = 1983 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70011352 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170102175222/https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70011352 | archive-date = January 2, 2017 | doi = 10.1016/0033-5894(83)90013-3 | bibcode = 1983QuRes..20..261S | s2cid = 128690082 | url-access = subscription }}</ref><ref name="GreatSaltLake">{{cite journal | last1 = Spencer | first1 = R.J. | last2 = Baedecker | first2 = M.J. | last3 = Eugster | first3 = H.P. | last4 = Forester | first4 = R.M. | last5 = Goldhaber | first5 = M.B. | last6 = Jones | first6 = B.F. | last7 = Kelts | first7 = K. | last8 = McKenzie | first8 = J. | last9 = Madsen | first9 = D.B. | last10 = Rettig | first10 = S.L. | last11 = Rubin | first11 = M. | author11-link = Meyer Rubin | last12 = Bowser | first12 = C.J. | title = Great Salt Lake, and precursors, Utah: The last 30,000 years | journal = Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology | volume = 86 | issue = 4 | pages = 321–334 | date = December 1984 | issn = 0010-7999 | doi = 10.1007/BF01187137 | bibcode = 1984CoMP...86..321S | s2cid = 128621985 }}</ref>
In August 1986, thousands of people were found dead on the shores of Lake Nyos, Cameroon. John P. Lockwood and Rubin found that the lake's maar may have been formed by an explosive eruption, and that {{CO2}} could still be trapped under the lake—its gradual release into the waters setting the stage for the tragic gas-release event.<ref name="LakeNyos">{{cite journal | last1 = Lockwood | first1 = John P. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Origin and age of the Lake Nyos maar, Cameroon | journal = Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research | volume = 39 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 117–124 | date = 1989 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70016017 | doi = 10.1016/0377-0273(89)90052-8 | bibcode = 1989JVGR...39..117L | url-access = subscription }}</ref>
Rubin and colleagues contributed to our understanding of the evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes through hundreds of {{chem|14|C}} measurements starting in the late 60's, sample selection refinements, and significant publications in 1987.<ref name="DatesXI">{{cite journal | last1 = Sulivan | first1 =Beverly Marsters | last2 = Spiker | first2 = Elliott | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = U. S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates XI | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 319–334 | date = 1970 | url = https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/download/239/244 | doi = 10.1017/S0033822200036365 | bibcode =1970Radcb..12..319S | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="DatesXV">{{cite journal | last1 = Kelley | first1 = M L | last2 = Spiker | first2 = E C | last3 = Lipman | first3 = P W | last4 = Lockwood | first4 = J P | last5 = Lipman | first5 = P W | last6 = Holcomb | first6 = R T | last7 = Rubin | first7 = M | author7-link = Meyer Rubin | title = U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, Radiocarbon Dates XV: Mauna Loa and Kilauea Volcanoes, Hawaii | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 306–320 | date = 1979 | url = https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/download/578/583 | doi = 10.1017/S0033822200004434 | bibcode = 1979Radcb..21..306K | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="VolcanoPlants">{{Citation | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Lockwood | first2 = John P. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = Irving | author3-link = Irving Friedman | title = Effects of volcanic emanations on carbon-isotope content of modern plants near Kilauea Volcano | series = US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. | volume = 1350 | issue = 1 | year = 1987 | pages = 209–211 | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch9.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170225205014/https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch9.pdf | archive-date = 25 February 2017 }}</ref><ref name="HawaiianDates">{{Citation | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Gargulinski | first2 = Lea Kelley | last3 = McGeehin | first3 = John P. | title = Hawaiian radiocarbon dates | series = US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. | volume = 1350 | issue = 1 | year = 1987 | pages = 213–242 | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch10.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170225221531/https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch10.pdf | archive-date = 25 February 2017 }}</ref>
Rubin carried out {{chem|14|C}} work, in collaboration with Lucio Lirer and Giuseppe Rolandi (University of Naples Federico II), a collaboration arranged by Rubin's long-time friend and fellow geologist Harvey E. Belkin, determining the age of the Breccia Museo (museum breccia), a proximal deposit attributed to the 39,000 BCE eruption of the Campanian Ignimbrite.<ref name="Lirer1991">{{cite journal | last1 = Lirer | first1 = L. | last2 = Rolandi | first2 = G. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = M. | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = {{chem|14|C}} Age of the "Museum Breccia" (Campi Flegrei) and its relevance for the origin of the Campanian Ignimbrite | journal = Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research | volume = 48 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 223–227 | date = 1991 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70016632 | doi = 10.1016/0377-0273(91)90044-Z | bibcode = 1991JVGR...48..223L | url-access = subscription }}</ref><ref name="DeVivo2001">{{cite journal | last1 = De Vivo | first1 = B. | last2 = Rolandi | first2 = G. | last3 = Gans | first3 = P. B. | last4 = Calvert | first4 = A. | last5 = Bohrson | first5 = W. A. | last6 = Spera | first6 = F. J. | last7 = Belkin | first7 = H. E. | title = New constraints on the pyroclastic eruptive history of the Campanian volcanic Plain (Italy) | journal = Mineralogy and Petrology | volume = 73 | issue =1–3 | pages = 47–65 | doi = 10.1007/s007100170010 | year = 2001 | bibcode = 2001MinPe..73...47D | s2cid = 129762185 }}</ref> The Breccia Museo deposit is controversial regarding its chronology and origin and this study added to that discussion and the realization that the deposit may be more complex and varied than had been understood.
== Awards and honors == In 1956, Rubin received a Washington Academy of Sciences Award in the Physical Sciences.<ref name="WashAcadAwards">{{cite web | url = http://www.washacadsci.org/awards-and-events/awards/awards-history/ | title = Awards History - Washington Academy of Sciences | website = washacadsci.org | access-date = January 8, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180130234952/http://www.washacadsci.org/awards-and-events/awards/awards-history | archive-date = January 30, 2018 }}</ref>
In 1974, Rubin received a Department of the Interior Meritorious Service Award.<ref name="OmsaMeritorious">{{cite web | url = http://www.omsa.org/files/App%202%20N%20through%20S.pdf | title = Meritorious Service Award Recipients - App 2 N through S | website = omsa.org | access-date = January 8, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190109071152/http://www.omsa.org/files/App%202%20N%20through%20S.pdf | archive-date = January 9, 2019 }}</ref>
Rubin was designated as a Scientist Emeritus for the Eastern Geology & Paleoclimate Science Center, now renamed the Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, VA, by the USGS.<ref name="USGSEmeritus">{{cite web | url = https://www.usgs.gov/about/organization/science-support/science-quality-and-integrity/scientist-emeritus-list | title = Office of Science Quality and Integrity - Scientist Emeritus List | website = usgs.gov | access-date = January 9, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190109071726/https://www.usgs.gov/about/organization/science-support/science-quality-and-integrity/scientist-emeritus-list | archive-date = January 9, 2019 }}</ref>
On a less serious note, Rubin was also given the 1962 Geological Society of Washington Sleeping Bear Award for best humor during a GSW meeting.<ref name="SleepingBear">{{cite web | url = http://www.gswweb.org/minutes/GSW1962.htm | title = GSW: 1962 MEETING MINUTES | website = gswweb.org | access-date = 27 April 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080821073947/http://www.gswweb.org/minutes/GSW1962.htm | archive-date = 21 August 2008 }}</ref>
== Personal life == Rubin was born in Chicago to Jewish immigrants from Kiev.<ref name="WPobit"/> He met his wife, Mary Louise Rubin ({{nee}} Tucker), in high school. They raised three sons, John, Robert, and Mark, and were married for 72 years before she died in 2015.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/washingtonpost/obituary.aspx?pid=177237356 | title = Mary Louise Rubin Notice | date = January 11, 2016 | newspaper = The Washington Post | access-date = February 18, 2019 }}</ref>
Rubin made close friends through the US Army Air Force weatherman training, in Frank Wrobel, Mick McCullough, and Frank Getz, who were all shipped to different Pacific theaters during the war. Rubin was also close friends with Edward C. T. Chao, who is known for coesite, stishovite, and tektites, as they were both at one time in the USGS Branch of Military Geology, though they had no scientific relationship.
Rubin and Art Buchwald had at least two things in common — humor and kidney stones.<ref name="WPobit"/> Enabled by go-between Frank Forrester, "Project BUCHWALDSTONE" was a spoof project in which Rubin, Ed Dwornik and other scientists studied Buchwald's kidney stones, which were, according to Rubin, much smaller than his own.<ref name="BelkinBuchwaldStone">{{cite magazine | last = Belkin | first = Harvey E. | title = Project BUCHWALDSTONE | magazine = The Geologic Division Retirees Newsletter | publisher = Geologic Division, U.S. Geological Survey | issue = 56 | date = Spring 2007 | pages = 6–9}}</ref>
Rubin was an avid kayaker in his prime, known on the Potomac River as "Dr. Kayak" by many. He wrote a spoof advice column in "The Cruiser" (newsletter of the Canoe Cruisers Association) under the same title.<ref name="CCAobit">{{cite magazine | last = Gertler | first = Ed | date = May 2020 | title = Meyer Rubin | magazine = The Cruiser | publisher = Canoe Cruisers Association of Greater Washington, DC | pages = 5–6 | url = https://www.canoecruisers.org/docs.ashx?id=633264 | access-date=1 June 2020}}</ref> Rubin was also an enthusiastic collector of found bobbers.<ref name="Chi.94.1"/>
He tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia, and died a few days later.
== Publications == * {{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Suess | first2 = Hans E. | author2-link = Hans Suess | title = U.S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates II | journal = Science | volume = 121 | issue = 3145 | pages = 481–488 | date = 8 April 1955 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.121.3145.481 | pmid = 17817378 | bibcode = 1955Sci...121..481R }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Flint | first1 = Richard Foster | author1-link = Richard Foster Flint | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Radiocarbon Dates of Pre-Mankato Events in Eastern and Central North America | journal = Science | volume = 121 | issue = 3149 | pages = 649–658 | date = 6 May 1955 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.121.3149.649 | pmid = 17769451 | bibcode = 1955Sci...121..649F | s2cid = 23848648 }} * {{Citation | last = Rubin | first = Meyer | title = A Radiocarbon Chronology of Glacial Events During Wisconsin Time | series = Doctoral dissertation | publisher = University of Chicago, Department of Geology | year = 1956 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Alexander | first2 =Corrinne | title = U.S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates IV | journal = Science | volume = 127 | issue = 3313 | pages = 1476–1487 | date = 27 June 1958 | doi = 10.1126/science.127.3313.1476 | pmid = 17810539 | bibcode = 1958Sci...127.1476R }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Alexander | first2 =Corrinne | title = U. S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates V | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 2 | pages = 129–185 | date = 1960 | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/EE1BAA5E97FCCD9134766B24B351409A/S1061592X00020652a.pdf/u_s_geological_survey_radiocarbon_dates_v.pdf | doi = 10.1017/S1061592X00020652 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Berthold | first2 = Sarah M. | title = U. S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates VI | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 3 | pages = 86–98 | date = 1961 | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/1EDC57BEBF4ED74E9E0937C0495BDBC6/S0033822200020877a.pdf/u_s_geological_survey_radiocarbon_dates_vi.pdf | doi = 10.1017/S0033822200020877 | bibcode = 1961Radcb...3...86R | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | last1=Redfield | first1=Alfred C. | author1-link = Alfred C. Redfield | last2=Rubin | first2=Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title=The Age of Salt Marsh Peat and Its Relation to Recent Changes in Sea Level at Barnstable, Massachusetts | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=48 | issue=10 | date=1962 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.48.10.1728 | pages=1728–1735| pmid=16591005 | pmc=221031 | bibcode=1962PNAS...48.1728R | doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Likins | first2 = Robert C. | last3 = Elmer | first3 = G. Berry | title = On the Validity of Radiocarbon Dates from Snail Shells | journal = The Journal of Geology | volume = 71 | issue = 1 | pages = 84–89 | date = January 1963 | doi = 10.1086/626878 | bibcode = 1963JG.....71...84R | s2cid = 129644650 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rosen | first1 = A. A. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Natural carbon-14 activity of organic substances in streams | journal = Science | volume = 143 | issue = 3611 | pages = 1163–1164 | date = 1964 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.143.3611.1163 | pmid = 17833900 | bibcode = 1964Sci...143.1163R | s2cid = 206564726 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Dating on the Banks of the Potomac | journal = Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences | volume = 54 | issue = 9 | pages = 356–357 | date = December 1964 | url = https://archive.org/details/journalofwashing54551wash }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Merrill | first1 = Arthur S. | last2 = Emery | first2 = K. O. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Ancient Oyster Shells on the Atlantic Continental Shelf | journal = Science | volume = 147 | issue = 3656 | pages = 398–400 | date = 22 January 1965 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.147.3656.398 | pmid = 17832789 | bibcode = 1965Sci...147..398M | s2cid = 33620579 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Hanshaw | first1 = Bruce B. | last2 = Back | first2 = William | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | last4 = Wait | first4 = Robert L. | title = Relation of Carbon 14 Concentrations to Saline Water Contamination of Coastal Aquifers | journal = Water Resources Research | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = 109–114 | date = March 1965 | doi = 10.1029/WR001i001p00109 | bibcode = 1965WRR.....1..109H }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Rosen | first1 = A. A. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Discriminating between Natural and Industrial Pollution through Carbon Dating | journal = Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation | volume = 37 | issue = 9 | pages = 1302–1307 | date = September 1965 | issn = 1554-7531 | pmid = 5825885 | jstor = 25035373 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Hanshaw | first1 = Bruce B. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | last3 = Back | first3 = William | last4 = Friedman | first4= Irving | title = Isotope Techniques in the Hydrologic Cycle | chapter = Radiocarbon Determinations Applied to Groundwater Hydrology | author4-link = Irving Friedman | series = Geophysical Monograph Series | volume = 11 | date = 1 January 1967 | pages = 117–118 | isbn = 9780875900117 | doi = 10.1029/GM011p0117 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Plafker | first1 = George | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Vertical tectonic displacements in south-central Alaska during and prior to the great 1964 earthquake | journal = Geosci. Osaka City Univ. | volume = 10 | pages = 53–66 | date = 1967 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Frye | first1 = John Chapman | last2 = Willman | first2 = H. B. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | last4 = Black | first4 = Robert F. | title = Definition of Wisconsinan Stage | place = Washington, DC | publisher = U.S. Government Printing Office | series = Contributions to stratigraphy, Geological Survey bulletin | volume = 1274-E | year = 1968 | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1274e/report.pdf | doi = 10.3133/b1274E | doi-access = free | bibcode = 1968usgs.rept....1F }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Sulivan | first1 =Beverly Marsters | last2 = Spiker | first2 = Elliott | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = U. S. Geological Survey Radiocarbon Dates XI | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 319–334 | date = 1970 | url = https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/download/239/244 | doi = 10.1017/S0033822200036365 | bibcode =1970Radcb..12..319S | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Schmoll | first1 = H. R. | last2 = Szabo | first2 = B. J. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | last4 = Dobrovolyn | first4 = Ernest | title = Radiometric Dating of Marine Shells from the Bootlegger Cove Clay, Anchorage Area, Alaska | journal = Geological Society of America Bulletin | volume = 83 | issue = 4 | pages = 1107–1114 | date = 1 April 1972 | doi = 10.1130/0016-7606(1972)83[1107:RDOMSF]2.0.CO;2 | bibcode = 1972GSAB...83.1107S }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Spiker | first1 = E. C. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Petroleum Pollutants in Surface and Groundwater as Indicated by the Carbon-14 Activity of Dissolved Organic Carbon | journal = Science | volume = 187 | issue = 4171 | pages = 61–64 | date = 10 January 1975 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.187.4171.61 | pmid = 17844210 | bibcode = 1975Sci...187...61S | s2cid = 22094386 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Crandell | first1 = Dwight R. | author1-link = Dwight Crandell | last2 = Mullineaux | first2 = Donal R. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = Meyer | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Mount St. Helens Volcano: Recent and Future Behavior | journal = Science | volume = 187 | issue = 4175 | pages = 438–441 | date = 7 February 1975 | issn = 0036-8075 | doi = 10.1126/science.187.4175.438 | pmid = 17835309 | bibcode = 1975Sci...187..438C | s2cid = 206569097 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Plafker | first1 = G. | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Hudson | first2 = T. | last3 = Bruns | first3 = T. | last4 = Rubin | first4 = M. | author4-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Late Quaternary offsets along the Fairweather fault and crustal plate interactions in southern Alaska | journal = Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences | volume = 15 | issue = 5 | pages = 805–816 | date = 1978 | doi = 10.1139/e78-085 | bibcode = 1978CaJES..15..805P }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Plafker | first1 = George | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Uplift history and earthquake recurrence as deduced from marine terraces on Middleton Island, Alaska | journal = US Geol. Surv. Open File Rep., 78 | volume = 943 | pages = 687–721 | date = 1978 | url = https://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/usgs/of/text/of78-0943.pdf | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191006160510/http://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/usgs/of/text/of78-0943.pdf | archive-date = October 6, 2019 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Kelley | first1 = M L | last2 = Spiker | first2 = E C | last3 = Lipman | first3 = P W | last4 = Lockwood | first4 = J P | last5 = Lipman | first5 = P W | last6 = Holcomb | first6 = R T | last7 = Rubin | first7 = M | author7-link = Meyer Rubin | title = U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, Radiocarbon Dates XV: Mauna Loa and Kilauea Volcanoes, Hawaii | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 306–320 | date = 1979 | url = https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/radiocarbon/article/download/578/583 | doi = 10.1017/S0033822200004434 | bibcode = 1979Radcb..21..306K | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Gove | first1 = Harry E. | last2 = Elmore | first2 = David | last3 = Ferraro | first3 = R. D. | last4 = Beukens | first4 = R. P. | last5 = Chang | first5 = K. H. | last6 = Kilius | first6 = L. R. | last7 = Lee | first7 = H. W. | last8 = Litherland | first8 = A. E. | last9 = Purser | first9 = K. H. | last10 = Rubin | first10 = Meyer | author10-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Radiocarbon Dating with Tandem Electrostatic Accelerators | journal = Radiocarbon | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 785–793 | date = 1980 | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/19E49C9EAA27A1A5E16BA868C1DEEA68/S003382220001016Xa.pdf/radiocarbon_dating_with_tandem_electrostatic_accelerators.pdf | doi = 10.1017/S003382220001016X | bibcode = 1980Radcb..22..785G | doi-access = free }} * {{Citation | last1 = Elmore | first1 = David | last2 = Gove | first2 = Harry E. | last3 = Beukens | first3 = R. P. | last4 = Litherland | first4 = A. E. | last5 = Purser | first5 = K. H. | last6 = Rubin | first6 = Meyer | author6-link = Meyer Rubin | title = A method for dating the Shroud of Turin | journal = La Sindone e la Scienza | pages = 428–436 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Scott | first1 = W.E. | last2 = McCoy | first2 =W.D. | last3 = Shroba | first3 = R.R. | last4 = Rubin | first4 = M. | author4-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Reinterpretation of the exposed record of the last two cycles of Lake Bonneville, Western United States | journal = Quaternary Research | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 261–285 | date = 1983 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70011352 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170102175222/https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70011352 | archive-date = January 2, 2017 | doi = 10.1016/0033-5894(83)90013-3 | bibcode = 1983QuRes..20..261S | s2cid = 128690082 | url-access = subscription }} * {{Citation | last1 = Whitney | first1 = John W. | last2 = Faulkender | first2 = D. J. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = M. | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = The environmental history and present condition of Saudi Arabia's northern sand seas | journal = Open-File Report | volume = 83-749 | date = 1983 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr83749 | publisher = U.S. Geological Survey | doi = 10.3133/ofr83749 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Spencer | first1 = R.J. | last2 = Baedecker | first2 = M.J. | last3 = Eugster | first3 = H.P. | last4 = Forester | first4 = R.M. | last5 = Goldhaber | first5 = M.B. | last6 = Jones | first6 = B.F. | last7 = Kelts | first7 = K. | last8 = McKenzie | first8 = J. | last9 = Madsen | first9 = D.B. | last10 = Rettig | first10 = S.L. | last11 = Rubin | first11 = M. | author11-link = Meyer Rubin | last12 = Bowser | first12 = C.J. | title = Great Salt Lake, and precursors, Utah: The last 30,000 years | journal = Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology | volume = 86 | issue = 4 | pages = 321–334 | date = December 1984 | issn = 0010-7999 | doi = 10.1007/BF01187137 | bibcode = 1984CoMP...86..321S | s2cid = 128621985 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Lockwood | first2 = John P. | last3 = Friedman | first3 = Irving | author3-link = Irving Friedman | title = Effects of volcanic emanations on carbon-isotope content of modern plants near Kilauea Volcano | series = US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. | volume = 1350 | issue = 1 | year = 1987 | pages = 209–211 | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch9.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170225205014/https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch9.pdf | archive-date = 25 February 2017 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Rubin | first1 = Meyer | author1-link = Meyer Rubin | last2 = Gargulinski | first2 = Lea Kelley | last3 = McGeehin | first3 = John P. | title = Hawaiian radiocarbon dates | series = US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. | volume = 1350 | issue = 1 | year = 1987 | pages = 213–242 | url = https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch10.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170225221531/https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1987/1350/pdf/chapters/pp1350_ch10.pdf | archive-date = 25 February 2017 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Lockwood | first1 = John P. | last2 = Rubin | first2 = Meyer | author2-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Origin and age of the Lake Nyos maar, Cameroon | journal = Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research | volume = 39 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 117–124 | date = 1989 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70016017 | doi = 10.1016/0377-0273(89)90052-8 | bibcode = 1989JVGR...39..117L | url-access = subscription }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Lirer | first1 = L. | last2 = Rolandi | first2 = G. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = M. | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = {{chem|14|C}} Age of the "Museum Breccia" (Campi Flegrei) and its relevance for the origin of the Campanian Ignimbrite | journal = Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research | volume = 48 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 223–227 | date = 1991 | url = https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70016632 | doi = 10.1016/0377-0273(91)90044-Z | bibcode = 1991JVGR...48..223L | url-access = subscription }} * {{Citation | last1 = Plafker | first1 = G. | author1-link = George Plafker | last2 = Lajoie | first2 = K.R. | last3 = Rubin | first3 = M. | author3-link = Meyer Rubin | title = Determining recurrence intervals of great subduction zone earthquakes in southern Alaska by radiocarbon dating. In: Radiocarbon After Four Decades. | place = New York, NY | publisher = Springer | pages = 436–453 | date = 1992 | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4757-4249-7_28 }}
== References == {{reflist}}
== External links == * Meyer Rubin on [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Meyer+Rubin Google Scholar] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20030702020437/https://magazine.uchicago.edu/0110/features/efforts-baubles.html Forever bobbing baubles] {{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rubin, Meyer}} Category:1924 births Category:2020 deaths Category:University of Chicago alumni Category:United States Geological Survey personnel Category:20th-century American geologists Category:People from Vienna, Virginia Category:Military personnel from Illinois Category:Scientists from Chicago Category:United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II Category:Jewish American scientists Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia Category:Englewood Technical Prep Academy alumni