{{Short description|none}} {| class="wikitable floatright" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" |Structural formula |104x104px |100x100px |100x100px |107x107px |- |Name |Fluoromethane<br/>Methyl fluoride |Chloromethane<br/>Methyl chloride |Bromomethane<br/>Methyl bromide |Iodomethane<br/>Methyl iodide |- |Melting point |−137,8 °C<ref name="GESTIS_F2">{{GESTIS|Name=Fluoromethane|ZVG=490961|CAS=593-53-3|Date=2020-02-29}}</ref> |−97,4 °C<ref name="GESTIS_CL2">{{GESTIS|Name=Chloromethane|ZVG=11220|CAS=74-87-3|Date=2020-02-29}}</ref> |−93,7 °C<ref name="GESTIS_BR2">{{GESTIS|ZVG=31600|CAS=74-83-9|Name=Bromomethane|Date=2020-02-29}}</ref> |−66 °C<ref name="GESTIS_I2">{{GESTIS|Name=Iodomethane|ZVG=28110|CAS=74-88-4|Date=2020-02-29}}</ref> |- |Boiling point |−78,4 °C<ref name="GESTIS_F2" /> |−23,8 °C<ref name="GESTIS_CL2" /> |4,0 °C<ref name="GESTIS_BR2" /> |42 °C<ref name="GESTIS_I2" /> |- |Space-filling model |90x90px |110x110px |120x120px |130x130px |}
The '''monohalomethanes''' are organic compounds in which a hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a halogen. They belong to the haloalkanes or to the subgroup of halomethanes.
The four common{{efn|Highly radioactive {{chem2|CH3At}} (methyl astatide) has been detected.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://speciation.net/Database/Links/Chemical-Fact-Sheet-Astatine-;i2487|title=Chemical Fact Sheet: Astatine|publisher=European Virtual Institute for Speciation Analysis (EVISA)}}</ref> The known isotopes of even heavier group 17 element, tennessine, are too short-lived to allow for chemical experimentation.}} members are fluoromethane, chloromethane, bromomethane and iodomethane.
Historical name for this group is '''methyl halides'''; it's still widely used. The compounds of this class are often described as {{chem2|CH3X}} or MeX (X - any halogen, Me - methyl group).
== Related compounds == {{See also|Group 14 hydride#Tetrahydrides|l1=Group 14 tetrahydride}} There are analogs with more than one hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by a halogen: * Dihalomethane, {{chem2|CH2X2}}, two hydrogen atoms replaced * Trihalomethane, {{chem2|CHX3}}, three hydrogen atoms replaced * Tetrahalomethane, {{chem2|CX4}}, all four hydrogen atoms replaced Analogs with carbon atom replaced with a heavier group 14 element are also known: * Monohalosilane, {{chem2|SiH3X}} (with silicon, related to silane) * Monohalogermane, {{chem2|GeH3X}} (with germanium, related to germane) * Monohalostannane, {{chem2|SnH3X}} (with tin, related to stannane)
== See also == * Methyl halide transferase – An enzyme producing some methyl halides
== Notes == {{notelist}}
== References == {{reflist}}
{{Halomethanes}}
{{Commonscat|Monohalomethanes}}
Category:Halomethanes