{{Infobox automobile | name = Mercedes-Benz W180 | image = 1959 Mercedes-Benz 220S pic3 (cropped).JPG | image_size = 308px | caption = W180 220 S sedan | manufacturer = [[Mercedes-Benz]] | production = 1954–1959 <br/> 84,645 built{{sfn|Oswald|2001c}} <br/> 220 a: 25,937 <br/> 220 S Saloon: 55,279 <br/> 220 S Cabr./Coupé: 3,429 |assembly= West Germany: [[Stuttgart]]<br />Australia: [[Port Melbourne]] ([[Australian Motor Industries|AMI]])<ref>[http://www.mbspares.com.au/Gallery/An-Australian-Mercedes-Benz.aspx An Australian Mercedes-Benz? - www.mbspares.com.au] Retrieved on 1 November 2012</ref> |related = [[Mercedes-Benz W120/W121]] — [[Shanghai SH760]] '''180 & 190 '''<br />[[Mercedes-Benz W105]] — '''219'''<br />[[Mercedes-Benz W128]] — '''220SE''' | predecessor = [[Mercedes-Benz W187]] | successor = [[Mercedes-Benz W111]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.Mercedes-Benz.com/en/classic/history/mercedes-benz-s-class/|title= Mercedes-Benz S-Class.| accessdate= June 25, 2022| work= [[Mercedes-Benz]]}}</ref> | class = [[luxury car]] | body_style =4-door [[saloon (car)|saloon]]<br /> 2-door [[coupe]]<br />2-door [[convertible (car)|convertible]] | engine = {{ubl|2.2L ''[[Mercedes-Benz M180 engine#M180|M180]]'' [[straight-6|I6]] (220 a)|2.2L ''[[Mercedes-Benz M180 engine#M127|M180.924]]'' I6 (220 S)}} | wheelbase = {{convert|2820|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} — saloon <br/> {{convert|2700|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} — coupé and cabriolet }} : ''See [[Mercedes-Benz S-Class]] for a complete overview of all S-Class models.''
The '''Mercedes-Benz W180''' is a line of full-sized luxury cars produced by [[Mercedes-Benz]] between 1954 and 1959, which included an inline 6-[[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]] [[saloon (car)|saloon]], [[coupé]], and [[convertible (car)|convertible]]. The four-door '''220 a''' sedan was produced from 1954 to early-1956. It was succeeded by a slightly modified, more powerful '''220 S''' in early 1956. A two-door cabriolet and coupe joined the line in mid-1956; all three models were produced through the end of the W180 run.
A fuel-injected version of the 220S was introduced in October of 1958 as the [[Mercedes-Benz W128|W128]], produced also in four-door sedan and two-door coupe and cabriolet through November 1960.<ref>{{cite web| first=Jeff | last = Miller |url=http://www.mbzponton.org/valueadded/other/overview.htm |title=Mercedes-Benz Ponton Overview and Production Data | publisher=Mbzponton.org |access-date=2011-11-27}}</ref>
The W180 series was one in a range of Mercedes-Benz models to informally receive the "[[Mercedes-Benz Ponton|Ponton]]" nickname, derived from its [[unibody]]-type, [[Ponton (automobile)|pontoon-shaped]] exterior styling, which carried through into the subsequent [[Mercedes-Benz W128|W128]] line.
==220 a== The W180 was introduced in March 1954 as a larger, more luxurious, and up-scale version of the four-cylinder [[Mercedes-Benz W120|W120]] model 180. The chassis' wheelbase had been stretched by {{convert|170|mm|in|abbr=on}}, with {{convert|100|mm|in|abbr=on}} applied to accommodating the W180's longer straight-six [[Mercedes-Benz M180 engine|M180]] engine, and {{convert|70|mm|in|abbr=on}} added to the passenger cabin to increase rear-seat legroom. From the side, W180 cars can readily be distinguished from W120s by the extra "quarter light" windows of their rear doors.
The single carburetor engine was carried over from the [[Mercedes-Benz W187|W187]] model 220; and delivered {{cvt|85|PS|kW hp|0}}. Production of the 220 a ended in April 1956, with 25,937 units produced.
==220 S== The 220 a was succeeded in March 1956 by the slightly modified, more powerful 220 S, fitted with an upgraded version of the 2.2 L inline-six, initially producing ({{convert|100|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}}; later it was given a second carburetor, raising output to {{convert|106|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}}).
External changes were minimal, with the 220 S receiving a one-piece front bumper, down from a three piece, and a pair of solid chrome strips running under its doors in place of twin chrome and rubber ones. The most obvious difference was the addition of a fine, interrupted chrome accent strip running along the fenders and doors.
The 220 S retained the 4-speed column shift manual transmission, but offered an optional Hydrak automatic clutch, which used small microswitches on the gear selector to automatically disengage the clutch when changing gears.
Also introduced at the time of the 220 S was the [[Mercedes-Benz W105|W105]] 219, a more affordable 6-cylinder Mercedes-Benz combining the engine and long-hooded body of the 220 a from the A-pillar forward with the shorter body of the [[Mercedes-Benz W121|W120/W121]] A-pillar back. This gave it a more cramped cabin than a 220, but the power and prestige of a basic inline six.
In July 1956, a two-door cabriolet was added to the W180 line-up, and in October 1956 a matching coupé. {{clarification needed span|text=Some convertibles were finished with folding rear seats to accommodate additional luggage.|reason=Why only on the convertible? Did its top intrude into trunk space? If not, why would that option be attractive to convertible buyers - cars not bought for practicality - but not those of hardtops, which are?|date=March 2025}}
==Production numbers== Through October 1959, 55,279 220 S saloons and 3,429 convertibles and coupés were built.
==Gallery== <gallery widths="200" heights="150"> File:Mercedes-Benz_220_W_180_%282014-09-13_7000%29.JPG|Mercedes-Benz 220 a saloon (W180) File:1959 Mercedes-Benz 220S pic5.JPG|1959 Mercedes-Benz 220 S saloon (W180) File:1957 Mercedes Benz 220 S Coupe Lengerich Westf. 17.10 (2) (cropped).JPG|1957 Mercedes-Benz 220 S Coupe (W180) File:MB W180 220S cab A.jpg|Mercedes-Benz 220 S Convertible (W180) File:Mercedes convertible in the lot (4890138284).jpg|Mercedes-Benz 220 S Convertible interior (W180) </gallery>
{| class="wikitable" |+ Technical data Mercedes-Benz W180 {{sfn|Oswald|2001c}} ''(Manufacturer's figures except where stated)'' |- ! style="width:25%;"|Mercedes-Benz ! style="width:25%;"|220 a (W180 I) ! style="width:25%;"|220 S (W180 II) ! style="width:25%;"|220 S Convertible/Coupé (W180 II) |- style="background:#eee;" | Produced: || style="text-align:center;"|1954–1956 || style="text-align:center;"|1956–1959 || style="text-align:center;"|1956–1959 |- style="background:#eee;" | Engine: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|[[Straight-six engine|6-cylinder-inline engine]] ([[four-stroke]]), front-mounted |- style="background:#eee;" | Bore x Stroke: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|80 mm x 72.8 mm |- style="background:#eee;" | Displacement: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|2195 cc |- style="background:#eee;" | Max. Power @ rpm: || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|85|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}} @ 4800 || colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|100|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}} @ 4800 <br/> from August 1957: {{convert|106|PS|kW hp|abbr=on}} @ 5200 |- style="background:#eee;" | Max. Torque @ rpm: || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|157|Nm|lbft|abbr=on}} @ 2400 || colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|162|Nm|lbft|abbr=on}} @ 3500 from August 1957: {{convert|171.5|Nm|lbft|abbr=on}} @ 3500 |- style="background:#eee;" | Compression Ratio: || style="text-align:center;"|7.6: 1 || colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|7.6: 1 <br/> from August 1957: 8.6: 1 |- style="background:#eee;" | Fuel feed: || style="text-align:center;"| Single 2-bbl Solex 32 PAJTA || colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| Dual 2-bbl Solex 32 PAJTA |- style="background:#eee;" | Fuel tank capacity: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| {{Convert|64|L|usgal impgal|1|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Valvetrain: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| [[SOHC]], duplex chain |- style="background:#eee;" | Cooling: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|Water |- style="background:#eee;" | Gearbox: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 4-speed manual w/ column shifter <br/> rear wheel drive, standard axle ratio 4.11:1 (later 4.10:1) |- style="background:#eee;" | Electrical system: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 12 volt |- style="background:#eee;" | Front suspension: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| [[Double wishbone suspension|Double wishbones]], coil springs, stabilising bar |- style="background:#eee;" | Rear suspension:: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| [[Swing axle]], [[Radius arm|radius arms]], coil springs |- style="background:#eee;" | Brakes: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| Drum brakes (Ø 230 mm), power assisted |- style="background:#eee;" | Steering: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| [[Recirculating-ball steering]] |- style="background:#eee;" | Body structure: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| Sheet steel, monocoque (unibody) construction |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | Dry weight: || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|1300|kg|lb|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|1350|kg|lb|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"|Convertible A/C: {{convert|1450|kg|lb|abbr=on}} <br/> Coupé: {{convert|1410|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Loaded weight: || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|1730|kg|lb|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|1790|kg|lb|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|1815|kg|lb|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | Track front/<br>rear: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|1430|mm|in|abbr=on}} / {{convert|1470|mm|in|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Wheelbase: || colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|2820|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|2700|mm|in|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | Length: || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|4715|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|4750|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|4760|mm|in|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Width: || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|1740|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|1740|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|1765|mm|in|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Height: || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|1560|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|1560|mm|in|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"| {{convert|1530|mm|in|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | Tyre/Tire sizes: || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| 6.70 x 13 |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | || colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"| |- style="background:#eee;" | Top speed: || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|150|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}|| style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Fuel Consumption (estimate): || style="text-align:center;"|{{convert|13.5|L/100 km|abbr=on}}|| style="text-align:center;" |{{convert|13.5|L/100 km|abbr=on}}|| style="text-align:center;" |{{convert|13.5|L/100 km|abbr=on}} |- style="background:#eee;" | Price Germany <br/> USA:<ref name=Imp4602>{{citation | first = Mike | last = Covello | title = Standard Catalog of Imported Cars 1946-2002 | publisher = Krause Publication | location = Iola, WI | date = 2002 | isbn = 0-87341-605-8 | pages = 528–529 }}</ref> || style="text-align:center;"| DM 12,500 <br/> $4,175 || style="text-align:center;"| DM 12,500 <br/> $4,494 || style="text-align:center;"| DM 21,500 <br/> $7,138 |}
== References == ===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Bibliography=== <!-- last updated October 2021 --> {{refbegin}} * {{Hartmann: Das große Mercedes-Cabrio-Buch}} * {{Deutsche Autos|pages=31–38|volume=4}} * {{Staud: Mercedes-Benz: The Grand Cabrios & Coupes}} {{refend}}
==External links== {{commons category-inline|Mercedes-Benz W180}}
{{Classic Mercedes-Benz vehicles}} {{Mercedes-Benz S-Class lineage}} {{Mercedes-Benz CL-class lineage}}
[[Category:Mercedes-Benz vehicles|W180]] [[Category:Mercedes-Benz model codes|W180]] [[Category:Limousines]] [[Category:Sedans]] [[Category:Cars introduced in 1954]] [[Category:Cars discontinued in 1959]] [[Category:Cars of Australia]]