| Native name | 孟庆树 |
|---|---|
| Other names | Роза Владимировна Осетрова |
| Birth date | December 2, 1911 |
| Birth place | Shouxian, Qing Empire |
| Death date | September 5, 1983 (aged 71) |
| Death place | Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Resting place | Novodevichy Cemetery |
| Alma mater | Sun Yat-Sen University |
| Spouse | Wang Ming (m. 1930; died 1974) |
Meng Qingshu (Chinese: 孟庆树, Russian: Мэн Циншу, 2 December 1911 – 5 September 1983), also known as Roza Vladimirovna Osetrova (Chinese: 罗扎·弗拉基米罗夫娜·奥谢特罗娃, Russian: Роза Владимировна Осетрова) was a Chinese politician, member of the 28 Bolsheviks and wife of the Chinese Communist Party active leader, Wang Ming.
Biography
Early life and education
Meng was born on 2 December 1911 in Shouxian county, Qing empire to a landlord family.[1][2] While attending middle school, she joined the Communist Youth League.[3] In 1926, she graduated high school and entered the Whanpoa military academy as one of the first modern Chinese female soldiers.[3][4][5] However, she was forced to graduate early due to the Northern Expedition, so she started working as a nurse.[4]
Sun Yat-Sen University
In 1927, at 16 years of age and after working as a nurse for a year, she was chosen by the Central party committee to attend the Sun Yat-Sen university in Moscow under the alias of Roza Vladimirovna Osetrova, where she would become a member of the 28 Bolsheviks. There, she met Wang Ming, who pursued her romantically, to no avail from her part.[1][3][6][7] In 1928, she was chosen by Ming to serve as a representative in the Sixth National Congress, which was held in Moscow, causing Meng to become fond of Ming.[1][2][3]
Return to China
In 1930, Meng returned to China, moving to Shanghai and re-uniting with Ming, who moved to Shanghai in 1929.[1][3] When she returned, she started working at the Shanghai Hudong District Women's Committee.[1][3][4] During this period, Ming continued pursuing Meng romantically, with Meng starting to alienate him, consistently rejecting his advances.[1][3][5] This culminated in Meng changing her address and moving in with Zhu Xiuying.[1]
On 9 July 1930, Meng was arrested and imprisoned in the Shanghai Longhua Detention Center by the Kuomintang.[1][3] Due to this, Ming decided to be voluntarily arrested three times in order to be able to visit Meng.[1][3] The day after being released from prison, on November 23 of 1930, she married Ming at 19 years old.[1][2][3][4] In 1931, Meng and Ming secretly moved to Moscow.[3][6] In 1937, they returned to China to participate in the Second Sino-Japanese war, with Meng taking multiple positing within the Communist party, notably the director of the Care Committee of the Education Association, director of the Women's Committee of the Democratic Movement Department of the Yangtze River Bureau and multiple roles relating to women.[3][4]
Return to the Soviet Union and Death
In 1950, Ming became severely ill,[4] causing Meng and Ming to return to Moscow for medical treatment, returning in 1953.[4] In 1956, Ming fell ill again, and Meng again accompanied him to Moscow on January 30, this time moving there permanently.[2][3][4] During the flight to Moscow, Ming suffered heart failiure, and the doctor who was accompanying them, carrying six syringes of medicine, did not have any of them at hand. This meant that Ming had to receive emergency medical treatment from Meng via a spare syringe with medicine that she was carrying.[1] Ming died due to his illness in Moscow in 1974.[2] After his death, Meng edited and published multiple of Ming's poems, and also compiled his memoirs.[1][8] Meng died in September 5 of 1983 due to illness.[3][4] She was buried next to Ming at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.[2][3][4][5]
References
- ^ "王明与孟庆树的传奇婚恋（1）" [The legendary love story of Wang Ming and Meng Qingshu]. www.sxgov.cn. Archived 2013-01-19 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2026-04-23.
- ^ 腾讯网 (2021-09-27). "1956年王明去苏联治病，一同前往的妻子，后来怎样了？_腾讯新闻" [In 1956, Wang Ming went to the Soviet Union for medical treatment and went with his wife. What happened next?] (in zh-CN). news.qq.com. Retrieved 2026-04-26.
- ^ Shi, Hongping (22 May 2019). "孟庆树妇运领袖" [Meng Qingshu, Women's Movement Leader]. Shouxian Info
- ^ "黄埔女兵与抗战岁月" [Female soldiers of Whampoa Military Academy and the War of Resistance Against Japan]. www.huangpu.org.cn. Retrieved 2026-04-23.
- ^ 爱己欠费雨寒 (2020-06-22). "王明的妻子，黄埔军校毕业，与王明生下三个孩子，结局怎么样？" [Wang Ming's wife, who graduated from Whampoa Military Academy, had three children with Wang Ming, what was the ending?] (in zh-CN). 新浪网. Retrieved 2026-04-26.
- ^ Kampen, Thomas (2000). Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and the Evolution of the Chinese Communist Leadership.. Copenhagen: Nordic Institute of Asian Studies.
- ^ Усова, Анастасия (2018-01-25). "Партийные разборки, арест троцкистов и конец УТК" [Party showdowns, arrest of Trotskyists and the end of the UTK] (in ru-RU). Магазета. Retrieved 2026-04-23.
- ^ "王明回忆录提供新史料-文摘报-光明网". epaper.gmw.cn. Retrieved 2026-04-26.