{{Short description|Filipino political scientist and novelist}} {{Philippine name|Manguiat|Kalaw}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Maximo Manguiat Kalaw | image = Maximo Manguiat Kalaw.jpg | caption = Photograph from ''The Commercial & Industrial Manual of the Philippines'', 1941 | office = [[Secretary of Education (Philippines)|Secretary of Instruction and Information]] | term_start = March 8, 1945 | term_end = May 4, 1945 | predecessor = [[Carlos P. Romulo]] | successor = Jose Reyes | president = [[Sergio Osmeña]] | office2 = Member of the [[National Assembly of the Philippines|National Assembly]] from [[Batangas|Batangas's]] [[Batangas's 3rd congressional district|Third District]] | term_start2 = September 16, 1935 | term_end2 = December 30, 1941{{efn|District dissolved into the two-seat Batangas's at-large district for the [[National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic)]].}} | predecessor2 = Emilio Mayo | successor2 = ''Position abolished''<br><small>Position next held by [[Jose Laurel Jr.]]</small> | party = [[Nacionalista Party|Nacionalista]] | birth_date = {{birth date|1891|5|20}} | birth_place = [[Lipa, Batangas]], [[Captaincy General of the Philippines]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|3|23|1891|5|20}} | death_place = [[Calapan]], [[Oriental Mindoro]], Philippines | occupation = Political scientist, educator, author | known_for = First Filipino head of the Department of Political Science, [[University of the Philippines]] | alma_mater = [[George Washington University]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Arts|AB]])}} <br> [[Georgetown University]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]])}} <br> [[University of Michigan]] {{small|([[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]])}} | module = {{Infobox academic | embed = yes | notable_works = ''The Philippine Revolution'' <br> ''The Present Government of the Philippines'' <br> ''Democracy in the Philippines'' | awards = }} }}
'''Maximo Valerio Manguiat Kalaw''' (May 20, 1891 – March 23, 1954) was a Filipino political scientist and novelist.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Benson|first1=Eugene|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nGfMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1142|title=Encyclopedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English|last2=Conolly|first2=L. W.|date=2004-11-30|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-46848-5|pages=1142|language=en}}</ref> He was the first Filipino head of the Department of Political Science at the [[University of the Philippines]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Agpalo|first=Remigio E.|date=1990-12-01|title=The Political Science of Dr. Maximo M. Kalaw|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/01154451.1990.9754162|journal=Philippine Political Science Journal|volume=16|issue=31–32|pages=21–38|doi=10.1080/01154451.1990.9754162|issn=0115-4451|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Joseph Ponce|first=Martin|title=The Romantic Didactics of Maximo Kalaw's Nationalism|date=2012|url=https://www.universitypressscholarship.com/10.18574/nyu/9780814768051.001.0001/upso-9780814768051-chapter-1|work=Beyond the Nation|publisher=NYU Press|doi=10.18574/nyu/9780814768051.001.0001|isbn=978-0-8147-6805-1|url-access=subscription|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Willoughby|first=W. W.|date=1923|title=Philippine Government. By George A. Malcolm and Maximo M. Kalaw. (D. C. Heath and Company: New York. 1923. Pp. xxiv, 373.)|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/philippine-government-by-george-a-malcolm-and-maximo-m-kalaw-d-c-heath-and-company-new-york-1923-pp-xxiv-373/9567E1F6992B0D9281C866523518D44D|journal=American Political Science Review|language=en|volume=17|issue=4|pages=654–655|doi=10.2307/1943768|jstor=1943768|s2cid=147262054 |issn=0003-0554|url-access=subscription}}</ref> He argued for Filipino independence from the United States.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hoganson|first1=Kristin L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c3jDDwAAQBAJ|title=Crossing Empires: Taking U.S. History into Transimperial Terrain|last2=Sexton|first2=Jay|date=2020-01-03|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-1-4780-0743-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kalaw |first=Maximo M. |date=1932 |title=Why the Filipinos Expect Independence |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20030432 |journal=Foreign Affairs |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=304–315 |doi=10.2307/20030432 |issn=0015-7120|url-access=subscription }}</ref> He also served as assemblyman for [[Batangas]]'s [[Batangas's 3rd congressional district|3rd district]] from 1935 to 1941 and [[Secretary of Education (Philippines)|Secretary of Instruction and Information]] in 1945.
He was born in the town of [[Lipa, Batangas]], in the Philippines.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Dr. Maximo Kalaw: the other Great Kalaw of Lipa during the American Colonial Era - Batangas History, Culture and Folklore|url=https://www.batangashistory.date/2018/03/maximo.html|access-date=2022-01-15|website=www.batangashistory.date}}</ref> He was the brother of [[Teodoro Kalaw]].<ref name=":0"/> He studied at the [[George Washington University]] and [[Georgetown University]].<ref name=":0"/> In 1924, he received a PhD from the [[University of Michigan]].<ref name=":0"/> He was Dean of the College of Liberal Arts of the [[University of the Philippines]] from 1920-1936.
==Works== [[File:Self Government in the Philippines by Maximo Kalaw, 1919.png|thumb|left|Title cover of his 1919 book, ''Self-Government in the Philippines'']]
Kalaw wrote numerous popular articles and essays to newspapers. He also published many articles in learned or professional journals. Some of the books he made include:<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Agpalo |first=Remigio E. |date=1990-12-01 |title=THE POLITICAL SCIENCE OF DR. MAXIMO M. KALAW |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01154451.1990.9754162 |journal=Philippine Political Science Journal |language=EN |doi=10.1080/01154451.1990.9754162 |issn=0115-4451|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
*''The Case for the Filipinos'' (1916) *''Self-Government in the Philippines'' (1919) *''The Development of Philippine Politics'' (1926) *''Philippine Government Under the Jones Law'' (1927) *''The Filipino Rebel, a novel'' (1930) *''Philippine Government'' (1948)
== Notes == {{noteslist}}
== References == {{reflist|2}}
{{Batangas representatives}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalaw, Maximo M.}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Filipino political scientists]] [[Category:1891 births]] [[Category:1955 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century Filipino politicians]] [[Category:Filipino Freemasons]] [[Category:Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Batangas]] [[Category:Nacionalista Party politicians]] [[Category:Secretaries of education of the Philippines]] [[Category:20th-century Filipino writers]] [[Category:20th-century Filipino novelists]] [[Category:People from Lipa, Batangas]] [[Category:20th-century political scientists]]