Marugame Domain

{{Short description|Administrative division in southwestern Japan during the Edo period (1608-1871)}} {{Infobox former subdivision |_noautocat = |native_name = |conventional_long_name = Marugame Domain<br>{{lang|ja|丸亀藩}} |common_name = Marugame Domain |subdivision = Domain |image = Marugame Castle01.jpg |image_caption = Marugame Castle in Marugame, Kagawa |nation = Japan |status_text = |government_type = |title_leader = ''Daimyō'' |leader1 = |year_leader1 = |leader2 = |year_leader2 =  |capital = Marugame Castle |coordinates = {{coord|34|17|10.63|N|133|48|0.35|E|region:JP-37|display=inline}} | membership_title1 = Province | membership1 = Sanuki |political_subdiv = |today = Kagawa Prefecture   |year_start = 1641 |year_end = 1871 |event_start = |date_start =  |event_end = Abolition of the han system |date_end =  |event1 = |date_event1 = |event2 = |date_event2 = |life_span = |era = Edo period |event_pre =  |date_pre = |event_post =  |date_post =  |image_border =  |image_coat = File:Japanese crest Yotumeyui.svg |symbol_type = ''Mon'' of the Kyōgoku clan |symbol = |image_map = |image_map_caption =  |stat_year1 =  |stat_area1 =  |stat_pop1 =  |footnotes =  }} {{image frame | width = 255 | content = {{Location map|Japan Kagawa Prefecture#Japan |width = |float = |border = |caption = Location of Marugame Castle |alt = |relief = 1 |AlternativeMap= |overlay_image = |label = |label_size = |position = |background = |mark = |marksize = |coordinates= {{coord|34|17|10.63|N|133|48|0.35|E|region:JP-37_scale:10000}} }} }} right|thumb|270px|Kyōgoku Akiyuki right|thumb|270px|Marugame Castle {{nihongo|'''Marugame Domain'''|丸亀藩|Marugame-han}} was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Marugame Castle, and was ruled throughout much of its history by a cadet branch of the ''tozama daimyō'' Kyōgoku clan. Marugame Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Kagawa Prefecture.<ref name="Nakayama">{{cite book |last1=Nakayama |first1=Yoshiaki |title=江戸三百藩大全全藩藩主変遷表付 |date=2015 |publisher=Kosaido Publishing |isbn= 978-4331802946}}{{in lang|ja}}</ref><ref name="Nigi">{{cite book |last1=Nigi |first1=Kenichi |title=藩と城下町の事典―国別 |date=2004 |publisher=Tokyodo Printing |isbn=978-4490106510}}</ref><ref name="Papinot">{{cite book | last = Papinot | first = E| year = 1910| title = Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan | publisher = Tuttle (reprint) 1972 }}</ref>

==History of Marugame Domain== Ikoma Chikamasa, a general in the service of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, was awarded territories in Sanuki Province with a ''kokudaka'' of 171,800 ''koku'' in 1587, and construction was begun on Marugame Castle in 1597. In 1600 at the Battle of Sekigahara, Chikamasa was part of Ishida Mitsunari's Western Army while his son, Ikoma Kazumasa was part of Tokugawa Ieyasu's Eastern Army. Chikamasa remained at his stronghold at Takamatsu Castle and sent his retainers in his stead to attack Tanabe castle in Tango Province. He chose this strategy to preserve the Ikoma clan regardless of which side prevailed. Because Kazumasa fought on the side of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the Ikoma were permitted to keep their existing domain; however Chikamasa was forced to take responsibility being on the losing side by transferring the clan chieftainship to his son in 1602. In 1615, immigrants from Ako Domain established salt production at Marugame. The same year, the Tokugawa shogunate ordered the demolition of Marugame Castle under the "one castle per domain" ruling. The Ikoma clan was demoted to Yashima Domain in Dewa Province by the shogunate in 1640 due to attainder following an uprising. The Ikoma territory was divided, with large portions going to Saijō, Ōzu and Imabari Domain in neighboring Iyo Province.The remaining portion centered on Marugame Castle became Marugame Domain and was awarded to Yamazaki Ieharu, formerly from Tomioka Domain in Higo Province in 1641. The following year, he restored Marugame Castle. The Yamazaki clan died out after three generations in 1658 and was replaced by a cadet branch of the Kyōgoku clan from Tatsuno Domain in Harima Province. From 1660 to 1680, Marugame Castle was expanded and its current tenshu completed. In 1694, a 10,000 ''koku'' portion of the domain was separated out to form a sub-domain, {{nihongo|'''Tadotsu Domain'''|多度津藩|Tadotsu han}}. The domain profited greatly from its position on the main pilgrimage route to the shrine of Kotohira-gū; however, Marugame Domain also attempted various stratagems to overcome financial difficulties. In 1705, the first paper currency was issued. In the Tenmei era, the underemployed samurai of the domain were assigned to make ''uchiwa'' fans to supplement their income. A han school, the "Seimeikan" was opened in 1794.

The domain was an early and staunch supporter of the Imperial side in the Bakumatsu period and often sent troops to help guard the Kyoto Imperial Palace. Following the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, the domain was ordered to attack neighboring Takamatsu Domain, which had been designated as an enemy of the crown: however, Marugame worked as an intermediary to secure a pardon for Matsudaira Yoritsuna, the ''daimyō'' of that domain. In February 1869, Kyōgoku Akiyuki was one of the first to ''daimyō'' sign over his domain to the new Meiji government. In 1871, domain was also one of the first to be abolished under the abolition of the han system and became "Marugame Prefecture" which subsequent was merged into modern Kagawa Prefecture.<ref name="Nakayama"/>

==History of Tadotsu Domain== The third Kyōgoku ''daimyō'' of Marugame, Kyōgoku Takamochi, was only age three when he succeeded his father. The domain therefore petitioned the Tokugawa shogunate to divide the holding with his brother-in-law, Kyōgoku Takamichi, who would serve as official guardian. This was accomplished by setting aside a 10,000 ''koku'' portion of the domain to allow Kyōgoku Takamichi to set up a cadet branch of the clan as ''daimyō'' of the newly-created Tadotsu Domain. However, Kyōgoku Takamichi was himself only age 4, so he continued to live within Marugame Castle. It was only during the tenure of the Kyōgoku Takakata in 1827 that a ''jin'ya'' was actually built within the territory of the sub-domain itself, in what is now part of the town of Tadotsu, Kagawa.

==Holdings at the end of the Edo period== As with most domains in the han system, Marugame consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned ''kokudaka'', based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields.<ref>Mass, Jeffrey P. and William B. Hauser. (1987). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Hv99D510nHcC&pg=PA150&dq= ''The Bakufu in Japanese History,'' p. 150].</ref><ref>Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). [https://books.google.com/books?id=T2_5_W7UFXwC&pg=PA18&dq= ''Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century,'' p. 18].</ref>

===Marugame Domain=== *Sanuki Province **46 villages in Toyota District **32 villages in Mino District **23 villages in Naka District **1 village in Utari District **9 villages in Tado District *Omi Province **2 villages in Gamō District **2 villages in Sakata District *Harima Province **6 villages in Ittō District **22 villages in Issai District

===Tadotsu Domain=== *Sanuki Province ** 5 villages in Mino District **15 villages in Tado District

== List of daimyō (Marugame) ==

:{| class=wikitable ! #||Name || Tenure || Courtesy title || Court Rank || ''kokudaka'' |- |colspan=6| 25px '''Yamazaki clan,''' 1641-1657 (''Tozama'') |- ||1||{{nihongo|Yamazaki Ieharu|山崎家治}}||1641 - 1648||''Kai-no-kami'' (甲斐守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)||173,000 ''koku'' |- ||2||{{nihongo|Yamazaki Toshiie|山崎俊家}}||1648 - 1651||''Shima-no-kami'' (志摩守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 173,000 ''koku'' |- ||3||{{nihongo|Yamazaki Haruyori|山崎治頼}}||1652 - 1657||-none-|| -none-|| 173,000 ''koku'' |- |colspan=6| 25px '''Kyōgoku clan,''' 1658-1871 (''Tozama'') |- ||1||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takakazu|京極高和}}||1658 - 1662||''Gyobu-taiyu '' (刑部大輔)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 60,000 ''koku'' |- ||2||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takatoyo| 京極高豊}}||1662 - 1694||''Bitchu-no-kami'' (備中守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 60,000 ''koku'' |- ||3||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takamochi| 京極高或}}||1694 - 1724||''Wakasa-no-kami'' (若狭守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 60,000 ->50,000 ''koku'' |- |4||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takanori|京極高矩}}||1724 - 1763||''Sado-no-kami'' (佐渡守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 50,000 ''koku'' |- ||5||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takanaka|京極高中}}||1763 - 1811||''Wakasa-no-kami'' (若狭守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 50,000 ''koku'' |- ||6||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takaakira| 京極高朗}}||1811 - 1850||''Nagato-no-kami'' (長門守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 50,000 ''koku'' |- ||7||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Akiyuki| 京極朗徹}}||1850 - 1871|||''Sado-no-kami'' (佐渡守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Upper Grade (従五位上)|| 50,000 ''koku'' |- |}

== List of daimyō (Tadotsu) ==

:{| class=wikitable ! #||Name || Tenure || Courtesy title || Court Rank || ''kokudaka'' |- |colspan=6| 25px '''Kyōgoku clan,''' 1694-1871 (''Tozama'') |- ||1||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takamichi|京極高通}}||1694 - 1735||''Iki-no-kami '' (壱岐守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 10,000 ''koku'' |- ||2||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takayoshi|京極高慶}}||1735 - 1756||''Dewa-no-kami '' (出羽守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 10,000 ''koku'' |- ||3||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takafumi|京極高文}}||1756 - 1796||''Iki-no-kami '' (壱岐守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 10,000 ''koku'' |- ||4||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takakata|京極高賢}}||1796 - 1833||''Iki-no-kami '' (壱岐守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 10,000 ''koku'' |- ||5||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takateru|京極高琢}}||1833 - 1859||''Iki-no-kami '' (壱岐守)|| Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 10,000 ''koku'' |- ||6||{{nihongo|Kyōgoku Takamasa|京極高典}}||1859 - 1871||''Iki-no-kami '' (壱岐守); later ''Kawachi-no-kami '' (河内守),''Shimōsa-no-kami '' (下総守) || Junior 5th Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下)|| 10,000 ''koku'' |- |}

== References == {{reflist}}

Category:Domains of Japan Category:History of Kagawa Prefecture Category:Sanuki Province Category:Shikoku region Category: Kyōgoku clan Category:1641 establishments in Japan Category:States and territories established in 1641 Category:1871 disestablishments in Japan Category:States and territories disestablished in 1871