{{Short description|Russian literary critic and writer (1937–2021)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}} {{Infobox writer | image = Mariehtta Chudakova 2017 (cropped).jpg | birth_date = {{Birth date|1937|1|2|df=y}} | birth_place = Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union | death_date = {{Death date and age|2021|11|21|1937|1|2|df=y}} | death_place = Moscow, Russia | name = Marietta Chudakova | honorific_prefix = | honorific_suffix = | alt = | caption = | native_name = Мариэтта Чудакова | native_name_lang = | pseudonym = | birth_name = | resting_place = | occupation = | language = | nationality = Russian | ethnicity = | citizenship = Moscow | education = | alma_mater = MSU | period = | genre = Literary criticism | subject = <!-- or: | subjects = --> | movement = | notableworks = <!-- or: | notablework = --> | spouse = Alexander Chudakov<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/society/2011/12/111201_chudakov_booker_prize|title=Русский Букер десятилетия присуждён посмертно|date=December 2011 |lang=ru|access-date=2011-12-02|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202174851/http://www.bbc.co.uk/russian/society/2011/12/111201_chudakov_booker_prize.shtml|archive-date=2011-12-02}}</ref> | partner = <!-- or: | partners = --> | children = 1 | relatives = | awards = Moscow Komsomol Prize (1969)

| signature = | signature_alt = | years_active = 1965–2021 | module = | website = | portaldisp = <!-- "on", "yes", "true", etc; or omit --> }}

'''Marietta Omarovna Chudakova''' ({{langx|ru|Мариэтта Омаровна Чудакова}}; 2 January 1937 – 21 November 2021) was a Soviet and Russian literary critic, historian, doctor of philological sciences, writer, and memoirist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lenta.ru/lib/14184545/|title= Мариэтта Чудакова. Литературовед, публицист, общественный деятель|website=lenta.ru}}</ref>

She was the chairman of the All-Russian Bulgakov Foundation.

==Early life and education== Chudakova was the fourth child in her family. Her father was Omar Kurbanovich Khan-Magomedov, an engineer and a native of Dagestan. Her mother was Klavdia Vasilyevna Makhova, a preschool teacher.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.relga.ru/Environ/WebObjects/tgu-www.woa/wa/Main?level1=authors&userid=1339|title=Мариэтта Чудакова. Авторы. Научно-культурологический журнал|website=relga.ru}}</ref>

Chudakova graduated from Moscow School No. 367, then in 1959, the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University. Her first works were published in 1958. From 1959 to 1961, she taught Russian language and literature in a Moscow school. In 1964, after completing graduate school, she defended her thesis for the degree of Candidate of Philology.

==Career== She was chosen as Laureate of the Prize of the Moscow Komsomol in 1969. In 1970, she was inducted into the Union of Soviet Writers. Since 1991 she has been a member of Academia Europaea.

In October 1993, in connection with the dispersal of the Supreme Council, Chudakova signed the Letter of Forty-Two.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ng.ru/specfile/2000-01-06/15_intel.html|title=Президент и интеллигенция|website=ng.ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ng.ru/specfile/2000-10-27/13_boloto.html|title=На всех парах через болото|website=ng.ru}}</ref>

In 2007, she was included in the first three candidates of the party Union of Right Forces in the elections to the State Duma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lenta.ru/news/2007/09/21/sps/|title=Съезд СПС утвердил федеральную тройку|website=lenta.ru}}</ref> The Union of Right Forces did not overcome the 5% barrier, receiving less than 1% of the votes. According to Chudakova, she was engaged in politics that year, because too few people take an active political position.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mn.ru/issue/2007-42-8 |title=От нас ничего не зависит? |access-date=17 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071128034326/http://www.mn.ru/issue/2007-42-8 |archive-date=28 November 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In April 2010, she signed an appeal by the Russian opposition Putin Must Go.

In 2014, she was one of 180 representatives of different professions who signed an open letter headlined ''Do Not Cave In. Do Not Succumb to Lies'' protesting the Russian annexation of Crimea.<ref> Не прогибаться. Не поддаваться лжи (in Russian). Echo of Moscow. 14 March 2014 </ref>

She was the chairman of the All-Russian Bulgakov Foundation.

==Personal life== She was married to the literary critic Alexander Chudakov and she has a daughter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biografija.ru/biography/chudakova-marietta-omarovna.htm|title=Мариэтта Чудакова. Биография|website=biografija.ru}}</ref> Chudakova was diagnosed with COVID-19 in November 2021, and was taken to intensive care. She died on 21 November 2021.<ref name="meduza2021">{{Cite web|url=https://meduza.io/news/2021/11/21/umerla-istorik-literatury-marietta-chudakova|title=Умерла историк литературы Мариэтта Чудакова|website=Meduza}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist|2}}

==External links== * [http://grani-tv.ru/entries/64/ Мариэтта Чудакова на сайте «Грани-ТВ»] * [http://magazines.russ.ru/authors/c/chudakova/ Мариэтта Чудакова в «Журнальном зале»] * [http://www.echo.msk.ru/programs/noexit/526015-echo/ Эхо Москвы: Выхода нет: Способствовали ли диссиденты развалу Союза?] {{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chudakova, Marietta}} Category:1937 births Category:2021 deaths Category:Writers from Moscow Category:Soviet women writers Category:Soviet writers Category:Russian women writers Category:Soviet literary historians Category:Russian literary historians Category:Russian women historians Category:21st-century Russian writers Category:20th-century Russian writers Category:Russian memoirists Category:Moscow State University alumni Category:Union of Right Forces politicians Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia