{{short description|Indian Islamic scholar}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder |honorific_prefix = Amīrul Hind Thālith, Maulana |name = Marghoobur Rahman |birth_date = 1914 |birth_place = Qazi Para, [[Bijnor district]], [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh]], British India ({{small|now, [[Uttar Pradesh]], India}}) |image = |death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2010|12|08|1914}} |death_place = Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh |resting_place = [[Mazar-e-Qasmi]] |office3 = Member of the Governing Body of Darul Uloom Deoband |term3= 1962–1981 |office4 = Assistant VC of Darul Uloom Deoband |term4 = 1981–1982 |office1 = 11th [[List of Vice Chancellors of Darul Uloom Deoband|Vice-Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband]] |term1 = 1982–8 December 2010 |predecessor1= [[Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi]] |successor1 = [[Ghulam Muhammad Vastanvi]] |office2 = 3rd Emir of Imārat-e-Shar'ia Hind |term2 = 2006– 8 December 2010 |predecessor2= [[Asad Madani]] |successor2 = [[Usman Mansoorpuri]] |alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |children = Anwarur Rahman Bijnori |module2 = {{Infobox religious biography| embed = yes |religion=[[Islam]] |denomination = [[Sunni]] [[Hanafi]] |movement = [[Deobandi]] |notable_works = }}}} '''Marghoobur Rahman''' (1914–8 December 2010) was an [[Indian people|Indian]] Muslim scholar and [[List of Vice Chancellors of Darul Uloom Deoband|Vice-Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jan |first=Najeeb A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r9WCDwAAQBAJ&dq=Maulana+Marghoobur+Rahman&pg=PA211 |title=The Metacolonial State: Pakistan, Critical Ontology, and the Biopolitical Horizons of Political Islam |date=2019-01-04 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-118-97939-6 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Muhammadullah Khalili |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lnOdAAAAMAAJ&q=Maulana+Marghoobur+Rahman |title=Madrasa Education: Its Strength and Weakness |date=2005 |publisher=[[Markazul Maarif|Markazul Ma'arif Education and Research Centre (MMERC)]] |isbn=978-81-7827-113-2 |edition=1st |location=[[Jogeshwari]], Mumbai |pages=182 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Godbole |first=Madhav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JktuAAAAMAAJ&q=Maulana+Marghoobur+Rahman |title=The Holocaust of Indian Partition: An Inquest |date=2006 |publisher=Rupa & Company |isbn=978-81-291-0991-0 |pages=539 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Oni |first=Duro |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U1EuAQAAIAAJ&q=Maulana+Marghoobur+Rahman |title=Nigeria and Globalization: Discourses on Identity Politics and Social Conflict |date=2004 |publisher=CBAAC |isbn=978-978-032-204-5 |pages=500 |language=en |author-link=Duro Oni}}</ref>
== Early life and education == Marghoobur Rahman was born on 1914 AD (1313 AH) to Mashiyyatullah Qasmi (d. 1952) in Qazi Para, [[Bijnor]].<ref name="Al-Afghāni">{{cite book |last=Afghani|first=Abdur Rauf Khan Ghaznavi|title=إلى رحمة الله العالم الصالح الحكيم فضيلة الشيخ/ مرغوب الرحمن|trans-title=Maulana Marghubur Rahman passed away|publisher=[[Al-Daie]]|language=ar|date= October–November 2011|url=https://darululoom-deoband.com/arabicarticles/archives/2337 |access-date=8 December 2023}}</ref><ref name="Jāme o Mukhtasar">{{Cite book |last1=Qasmi |first1=Muhammadullah Khalili|author1-link=Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi|url=https://archive.org/details/darul-uloom-deob-ki-jamey-wa-mukhtasar-tareekh-edition-2|title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jame O Mukhtasar Tareekh |publisher=Shaikh-Ul-Hind Academy |edition=3rd|date= October 2020|location=India|pages=323, 642–646, 747, 751, 757|oclc=1345466013|language=ur}}</ref>
He received his primary and secondary education at Madrasa Rahimia Madinatul Uloom, Jama Masjid, Bijnor. He enrolled in Darul Uloom Deoband in 1348 AH (1929 AD) and graduated from Darse Nizami in 1352 AH (1933 AD). He then stayed for another year and completed the course of Islamic jurisprudence (Ifta).<ref name="Al-Afghāni"></ref><ref name="Jāme o Mukhtasar"></ref><ref name="qafla">{{cite book |last=Barni|first=Khalilur Rahman Qasmi|title=Qafla-e-Ilmo-o-Kamāl|publisher=Idara Ilmi Markaz|location=Bangalore|pages=247–254|date=2016|chapter=Maulana Marghubur Rahman|language=ur}}</ref>
At the Deoband seminary, his teachers included [[Hussain Ahmad Madani]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]], [[Ibrahim Balyawi]], [[Muhammad Shafi]], and [[Muhammad Sahool Bhagalpuri]].<ref name="Al-Afghāni"></ref>{{sfn|Jam'i|2011|p=29}}<ref name="Jāme o Mukhtasar"></ref>
== Career == After graduation, Marghoobur Rahman was a teacher at ''Madrasa Rahimia Madinatul Uloom Jama Masjid, Bijnor'', for a short period. Then he engaged in domestic, commercial, and social services and could not continue teaching.<ref name="Al-Afghāni"></ref>{{sfn|Jam'i|2011|p=82}} After graduation, he performed the duties of [[imam]] in his neighborhood mosque for 25 years without salary.<ref name="Najeeb">{{cite book|last=Qasmi|first=Mohammad Najeeb|author-link=Mohammad Najeeb Qasmi|title=Important Persons & Places in the history|url=https://www.najeebqasmi.com/23/kitaab|publisher=Freedom Fighter Molana Ismail Sambhali Welfare Society|location=Deepa Sarai, [[Sambhal]]|edition=1st|date=March 2016|pages=105–107|language=ur}}</ref> In 1962 (1382 AH), he was elected as a member of the Governing Body of Darul Uloom Deoband.<ref name=:"Khursheed">{{cite web|last=Qasmi|first=Khursheed Alam Dawood|title=Hadhrat Maulana Marghubur Rahman Bijnori (1914-2010): Ex-VC Darul Uloom Deoband|url=https://millattimes.com/hadhrat-maulana-marghubur-rahman-bijnori-1914-2010-ex-vc-darul-uloom-deoband/|publisher=Millat Times|date=31 August 2023|access-date=8 December 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref name=:"Manzar">{{cite web|last=Imam|first=Manzar|title=Maulana Marghoobur Rahman (1914-2010)|url=https://www.milligazette.com/news/1-community-news/345-maulana-marghoobur-rahman-1914-2010-indian-muslim/|publisher=The Milli Gazette|date=22 January 2011|access-date=8 December 2023|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mausoo'ah">{{cite book|last1=Mubarakpuri|first1=Muhammad Arif Jameel|author1-link=Arif Jameel Mubarakpuri|title=Mausoo'ah Ulama e Deoband|date=2021|edition=1st|publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy|location=Deoband|pages=455–456|language=ar}}</ref> In May 1981 AD ([[Rajab]] 1401 AH), he was appointed the Assistant VC of Darul Uloom, and then in August 1982 (Shawwal 1402 AH), he was appointed the Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband and served in this position for 28 years.<ref name="Al-Afghāni"></ref>{{sfn|Jam'i|2011|p=33}}<ref name="Jāme o Mukhtasar"></ref><ref name=:"Khursheed"></ref><ref name=:"Manzar"></ref>
After the demise of [[Asad Madani]], he was appointed the third Emir of the ''Imārat-e-Shar'ia Hind'' in 2006. As a result, he is remembered as ''Amir-ul-Hind Thālith'' ({{langx|ur|امیر الہند ثالث}}).{{sfn|Jam'i|2011|p=62}} Apart from this, he was a member of the working committee of [[Nadwatul Ulama]] and [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]] and a member of the advisory committee of [[Madrasa Shahi]]. Also, he was the first president of the All India Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatm-e-Nubuwwat and the All-India Association of Islamic and Arabic Seminaries from 1995 to 2010.{{sfn|Jam'i|2011|p=2}}<ref name="Jāme o Mukhtasar"></ref> === Against terrorism === In February 2008,<ref name="Monash University">{{cite conference |url=https://www.monash.edu/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/1677848/gtrec-proceedings-2008-10-kamala-dash.pdf|title=The Fatwa against Terrorism: Indian Deobandis Renounce Violence but Policing Remains Unchanged |last=Dash |first=Kamala Kanta |date=26–27 November 2008|publisher=[[Monash University]]|book-title= |page=35|conference=International Conference on Radicalisation Crossing Borders, Global Terrorism Research Centre (GTReC) |id=|language=en}}</ref> at the Deoband headquarters in Uttar Pradesh, during the All India Anti-Terrorism Conference, Bijnori stated, "There is no place for terrorism in Islam. Terrorism and killing of the innocent are against Islam."<ref>{{cite book|last=Suhrawardy|first=Nilofar|author-link=Nilofar Suhrawardy|title=Arab Spring Not Just A Mirage!|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ov_gEAAAQBAJ&dq=marghoobur+rahman&pg=PA128|date=2019|page=128|publisher=Gaurav Book Centre Pvt. Ltd.|location=Daryaganj, [[New Delhi]]|isbn=9789383316953 |language=en}}</ref>
== Death == Marghoobur Rahman died on 8 December 2010 (1 Muharram 1432 AH) in Bijnor and was buried in the [[Qasmi cemetery]] of Deoband.<ref>{{cite news|last=Haq|first=Zia|title=Darul Uloom rector passes away in UP |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/darul-uloom-rector-passes-away-in-up/story-eSRV7CkVXBjYjeMDKS7t7J.html |access-date=8 December 2023|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=9 December 2010|language=en}}</ref>{{sfn|Jam'i|2011|p=2}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maulana Marghoobur Rahman |url=https://www.milligazette.com/news/12-special-reports/8753-maulana-marghoobur-rahman/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=The Milli Gazette |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2010-12-15 |title=Jamia condoles death of Uma Khanna, Maulana Marghoobur Rehman |url=https://twocircles.net/2010dec15/jamia_condoles_death_uma_khanna_maulana_marghoobur_rehman.html |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=[[TwoCircles.net]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
== References ==
=== Citations === {{reflist}}
=== Bibliography === {{refbegin}} * {{cite journal |editor1-last=Jam'i|editor1-first=Muhammad Salim|title=A special issue of Al-Jamiat weekly about Riyasat Ali Zafar Bajnoori|url=https://archive.org/details/al-jamiat-weekly-march-2011-a-special-issue-about-marghubur-rahman-bijnori|journal=Al-Jamiat Weekly|date=March 2011|volume= |issue= |location= New Delhi |language=ur}} {{refend}} == Further reading == * {{Cite thesis |last=Kaleem |first=Mohd |title=Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2017 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/364028 |type=PhD |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=24 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024044219/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |url-status=live |pages=199–202}} * {{Cite web |date=2022-08-17 |title=Maulana Marghoob-ur-Rahman (1914-2010) |url=https://radianceweekly.net/maulana-marghoob-ur-rahman-1914-2010/ |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=Radiance Weekly |language=en-US}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Marghoobur Rahman, Maulana Marghoobur Rahman}} {{Darul Uloom Deoband}} [[Category:1914 births]] [[Category:2010 deaths]] [[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]] [[Category:Muhtamims of Darul Uloom Deoband]] [[Category:Hanafis]] [[Category:Deobandis]] [[Category:20th-century Indian Muslims]] [[Category:21st-century Indian Muslims]] [[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:People from Bijnor]] [[Category:People from Bijnor district]] [[Category:Burials at Qasmi Cemetery]] [[Category:Members of the Majlis-e-Shura of Darul Uloom Deoband]]