{{Short description|1960s Austrian human-powered aircraft}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} {{Use British English|date=January 2023}} {{Infobox aircraft | name = Malliga 1 | logo = | logo_size = | image = | alt = | caption = | long_caption = | other_names = | aircraft_type = Human-powered aircraft | aim = | outcome = | related = | national_origin = Austrian | manufacturer = Horst Josef Malliga | design_group = | designer = | builder = | issuer = | status = | owners = | primary_user = | more_users = | service = | major_applications = | proposals = | prototypes = | number_built = 1 | construction_number = | civil_registration = | military_serial = | radio_code = | requirement = | aircraft_carried = | flights = | total_hours = | total_distance = | construction_date = | introduction = | retired = | first_flight = September, 1967 | initiated = | in_service = | last_flight = | expected = | developed_from = | variants = Malliga 2 | developed_into = | preservation = | fate = | predecessors = | successors = | concluded = }}

The '''Malliga 1''' human powered aircraft was the project of Horst Josef Malliga. It is thought that it was the first successful Continental European human-powered aircraft.

Design work began in August 1966, with the first flight taking place in September 1967. The aircraft was a low-wing monoplane, with a pod and boom configuration. The pilot sat in a recumbent position, and powered a two bladed pusher propeller, located behind a streamlined nacelle. Twin booms supported twin fins, with an all-flying tailplane located between them. Constructed from aluminium tubing and polystyrene, with plastic film covering.<ref name=JAWA/><ref name=Sherwin/>

The Malliga 1 had a constant-chord wingplan, and spanned 20.00 m (65&nbsp;ft 7in). As originally designed, the tailfins did not incorporate rudders, and directional control was made via two fins located outboard and underneath the wing. Lateral control was obtained by wingtip ailerons. With this configuration, and under human-power alone, flights of up to 150&nbsp;m (487.50&nbsp;ft) were made. Directional control proved inadequate, and the tailfin area was increased, with rudders being incorporated.<ref name=Sherwin/> Subsequent flights were tow-launched, up to 10&nbsp;m (32.50&nbsp;ft) altitude, achieving distances of up to 400&nbsp;m (1,300&nbsp;ft).<ref name=JAWA/><ref name=POPSCI/>

During 1971–72, the craft was modified, with this iteration being known as the ''Malliga 2.''<ref name=Keimel/>

==Specifications (Malliga 1)== {{Aircraft specs|ref=Luftfahrzeugbau in Österreich von den anfängen bis zur gegenwart<ref name=Keimel/> |prime units?=imp |crew=1 |capacity= |length m=5.00 |length ft= |length in= |span m=20.00 |span ft= |span in= |span note= |upper span ft= |upper span in= |upper span note= |mid span m= |mid span ft= |mid span in= |mid span note= |lower span m= |lower span ft= |lower span in= |lower span note= |swept m=<!-- swing-wings --> |swept ft=<!-- swing-wings --> |swept in=<!-- swing-wings --> |swept note= |dia m=<!-- airships etc --> |dia ft=<!-- airships etc --> |dia in=<!-- airships etc --> |dia note= |width m=<!-- if applicable --> |width ft=<!-- if applicable --> |width in=<!-- if applicable --> |width note= |height m=2.15 |height ft= |height in= |height note= |wing area sqm=23 |wing area sqft= |wing area note= |swept area sqm=<!-- swing-wings --> |swept area sqft=<!-- swing-wings --> |swept area note= |volume m3=<!-- lighter-than-air --> |volume ft3=<!-- lighter-than-air --> |volume note= |aspect ratio= |airfoil= |empty weight kg= |empty weight lb= |empty weight note= |gross weight kg=115 |gross weight lb= |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight kg= |max takeoff weight lb= |max takeoff weight note= |more general=

|eng1 number=1 |eng1 name= |eng1 type=Cyclist pilot |eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines --> |eng1 hp= |eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines --> |eng1 kn=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |eng1 lbf=<!-- jet/rocket engines --> |eng1 note= |power original= |thrust original= |eng1 kn-ab=<!-- afterburners --> |eng1 lbf-ab=<!-- afterburners -->

|max speed kmh= |max speed mph= |max speed kts= |max speed note= |max speed mach=<!-- supersonic aircraft --> |cruise speed kmh=29-33 |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed kts= |cruise speed note= |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |stall speed kts= |stall speed note= |never exceed speed kmh= |never exceed speed mph= |never exceed speed kts= |never exceed speed note= |minimum control speed kmh= |minimum control speed mph= |minimum control speed kts= |minimum control speed note= |g limits= |roll rate=<!-- aerobatic --> |glide ratio= |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes --> |sink rate note= |lift to drag= |wing loading kg/m2= |wing loading lb/sqft= |wing loading note=

|more performance= }}

==See also== *SUMPAC *HMPAC Puffin *List of human-powered aircraft

==References== <references>

<ref name=Keimel>{{cite book |last=Keimel |first=Reinhard|date=2003 |title=Luftfahrzeugbau in Österreich von den anfängen bis zur gegenwart : Enzyklopädie|location=Oberhaching, Germany|publisher=Aviatic-Verlag|page=57|language=DE|isbn=3925505784}}</ref>

<ref name=JAWA>{{cite book |editor-last1=Taylor |editor-first1=John W. R. |date=1973 |title=Jane's all the world's aircraft 1973-74 |location=London |publisher=Jane's Yearbooks |page=12 <!-- or pages= -->|isbn=0354001175|url=https://archive.org/details/janesallworldsai0000unse_n7f5/page/12/mode/1up|access-date=April 15, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name=POPSCI>{{cite magazine| last=Wahl |first=Paul |date=March 1972 |title=Man-Powered Planes Get a New Lift |magazine=Popular Science |location=New York, NY |publisher=Popular Science Publishing Co., Inc.|pages=67–69,148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y3Dkp0Pi0FkC&dq=%22Man-Powered%20Planes%20Get%20a%20New%20Lift%22&pg=PA67 |access-date=April 15, 2023}}</ref>

<ref name=Sherwin>{{Cite book |last=Sherwin |first=Keith |author-link=Keith Sherwin |title=To fly like a bird: The story of man-powered aircraft |publisher=Bailey Brothers and Swinfen Limited |year=1976 |isbn=0561002835 |location=Folkestone, England |pages=73–77 |language=en}}</ref>

</references>

{{Horst Josef Malliga aircraft}}

Category:Human-powered aircraft Category:Low-wing aircraft Category:Aircraft first flown in 1967 Category:Pusher aircraft Category:Twin-boom aircraft Category:Single-engined pusher aircraft Category:1960s Austrian civil aircraft Category:Aircraft with fixed bicycle landing gear