{{Short description|Family name}} {{Other uses}} {{Infobox surname | pronunciation = Various (e.g. {{ipa|/mɔk/}}, {{ipa|/mok/}}, {{ipa|/mɒk/}}) | language = Chinese (Cantonese, Teochew), Dutch, Hungarian, Korean | variant = {{Unbulleted list|Chinese: Mo, Mu, Bok, Muk|Dutch: Mock}} }}
'''Mok''' is a surname in various cultures. It may be a transcription of several Chinese surnames in their Cantonese or Teochew pronunciations, a Dutch surname, a Hungarian surname, or a Korean surname.
==Origins== [[File:Mok confucian.jpg|thumb|right|Part of the Confucian ritual hall ({{korean|hangul=재실|hanja=齋室|rr=jaesil}}) of the Mok clan of Sacheon, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea]]
Mok may transcribe the pronunciation, in different varieties of Chinese, of some Chinese surnames spelled as Mo or Mu in Pinyin (which reflects the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation), including:
*Mò ({{wikt-lang|zh|莫}}), spelled Mok based on its pronunciation in Cantonese ({{lang-zh|cy=Mohk|j=Mok6}}; IPA: {{ipa|/mɔːk̚²/}}) or Teochew (Peng'im: {{lang|nan-Latn|Mog8}}; IPA: {{ipa|/mok̚⁴/}}).<ref name="Hanks2003">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vG7MZ9J6dAgC&pg=RA1-PA605|editor-first=Patrick|editor-last=Hanks|title=Dictionary of American Family Names|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2003|isbn=9780199771691|page=605}}</ref><ref name="Fielde1883">{{cite book|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/pronouncingdefin00fielrich#page/382/mode/2up|first=Adele M.|last=Fielde|author-link=Adele M. Fielde|chapter=莫|title=A pronouncing and defining dictionary of the Swatow dialect, arranged according to syllables and tones|location=Shanghai|publisher=American Presbyterian Mission Press|year=1883|page=382}} Additionally see {{cite web|url=https://www.mogher.com/莫|title=莫|website=mogher.com|access-date=11 December 2019}}</ref> *Mù ({{wikt-lang|zh|穆}}), homophonous with the first surname above in Teochew.<ref>{{harnvb|Fielde|1883|p=382}}. Additionally see {{cite web|url=https://www.mogher.com/穆|title=穆|website=mogher.com|access-date=11 December 2019}}</ref> According to Patrick Hanks, some Cantonese speakers in the United Kingdom and the United States also spell this name as Mok, though Muk is probably a more common transcription of the Cantonese pronunciation ({{lang-zh|links=no|cy=Muhk|j=Muk6}}; IPA: {{ipa|/mʊk̚²/}}).<ref name="Hanks2003"/><ref name="Hanks2016">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AyDDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1863|editor-first=Patrick|editor-last=Hanks|editor2-first=Richard|editor2-last=Coates|editor3-first=Peter|editor3-last=McClure|title=The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2016|isbn=9780192527479|page=1863}}</ref> *Mù ({{wikt-lang|zh|牧}}), homophonous with the first surname above in Teochew.<ref>{{harnvb|Fielde|1883|p=382}}. Additionally see {{cite web|url=https://www.mogher.com/牧|title=牧|website=mogher.com|access-date=11 December 2019}}</ref> *Mù ({{wikt-lang|zh|睦}}), homophonous with the first surname above in Teochew.<ref>{{harnvb|Fielde|1883|p=382}}. Additionally see {{cite web|url=https://www.mogher.com/睦|title=睦|website=mogher.com|access-date=11 December 2019}}</ref> The Dutch surname Mok is a variant spelling of Mock.<ref name="Hanks2003" /> The surname Mock might have originated from Moch, a clipping of ''Mochel'' (mohel).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_dQP4nHgyVUC&pg=PA522|first=Heinrich Walter|last=Guggenheimer|first2=Eva H.|last2=Guggenheimer|title=Jewish Family Names and Their Origins|location=New York|publisher=KTAV Publishing House|year=1992|isbn=0881252972|page=522}}</ref>
The Hungarian surname Mók was originally a given name. That given name might be a hypocorism of Mózes, which is the Hungarian form of the given names Moises or Moses.<ref name="Hanks2003"/>
There is only one hanja used to write the modern Korean surname Mok: {{lang|ko-Latn|Hwamokhal Mok}} ({{wikt-lang|ko|睦}}; {{lang|ko-Hang|화목할 목}}), meaning 'harmonious'. The bearers of this surname are almost all members of the {{ill|Sacheon Mok clan|ko|사천 목씨}}. That clan is so named for its ''bon-gwan'' (clan hometown) of Sacheon, South Gyeongsang Province, a city which became part of South Korea after the division of the Korean peninsula. Its members claim descent from {{ill|Mok Hyo-gi|ko|목효기}}, an official under Gojong of Goryeo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://people.aks.ac.kr/front/tabCon/lst/lstView.aks?lstId=LST_070_243_0131|title=사천목씨(泗川睦氏)|trans-title=Sacheon Mok clan|publisher=Academy of Korean Studies|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044712/http://people.aks.ac.kr/front/tabCon/lst/lstView.aks?lstId=LST_070_243_0131|archive-date=6 March 2019|access-date=24 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.djjunggu.go.kr/prog/fanmOrgn/hyo/sub03_04/view.do?orgnNo=22|title=성씨유래검색: 목(睦)|publisher=Jokbo Museum|location=Daejeon|access-date=27 October 2015|postscript=none}}. The Jokbo Museum cites the following work for their pages on family names: {{cite book|author=김진우|script-title=ko:한국인 의 역사|trans-title=The History of Koreans|publisher=春秋筆法 [Chunchu Pilbeop]|year=2009|oclc=502157619}}</ref> Historically, another hanja meaning 'tree' ({{lang|ko-Hani|木}}; {{korean|labels=no|hangul=나무 목|rr=Namu Mok}}) had also been used as a surname by the Mok clan of Baekje, but this surname is no longer extant in the Korean peninsula.
==Statistics== In the Netherlands, there were 421 people with the surname Mok as of 2007, up from 112 in 1947.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbgfamilienamen.nl/nfb/detail_naam.php?nfd_naam=Mok&info=aantal%20en%20verspreiding&operator=bw&taal=|title=Mok|work=Nederlandse Familienamenbank|publisher=Centrum voor familiegeschiedenis|access-date=8 September 2018}}</ref>
The 2000 South Korean Census found 8,191 people in 2,493 households with the surname Mok; all but ten of those people stated that they were members of the Sacheon Mok clan.<ref name="SouthKoreaCensus2000">{{cite web|url=http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=101&tblId=DT_1INOOSB&vw_cd=&list_id=&scrId=&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=K1&path=#|title=행정구역(구시군)/성씨·본관별 가구 및 인구|trans-title=Family names by administrative region (district, city, county): separated by ''bon-gwan'', households and individuals|publisher=Korean Statistical Information Service|access-date=23 December 2019}}</ref>
According to statistics cited by Patrick Hanks, there were 450 people on the island of Great Britain and nine on the island of Ireland with the surname Mok as of 2011; no bearers of the surname were recorded in Great Britain in 1881.<ref name="Hanks2016"/>
The 2010 United States census found 2,707 people with the surname Mok, making it the 11,597th-most-common name in the country. This represented an increase from 2,134 (13,137th-most-common) in the 2000 Census. In both censuses, about nine-tenths of the bearers of the surname identified as Asian, and five percent as White.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://projects.newsday.com/databases/long-island/census-last-names/?where=name^Mok&offset=0|title=How common is your last name?|newspaper=Newsday|access-date=5 September 2018}}</ref>
As of 2023 there is one Mok living in Oslo, Norway.
==People==
===Cambodian surname {{lang|km|ម៉ុក}}=== *Mok Mareth ({{lang|km|ម៉ុក ម៉ារ៉េត}}; born 1948), Cambodian politician *Theavy Mok ({{lang|km|ម៉ុក ធាវី}}; born 1963), Cambodian plastic surgeon
===Chinese surname {{lang|zh-Hani|莫}}=== {{for|people with the same Chinese surname, spelled in other ways in English|Mo (Chinese surname)#Notable people}}
*Mok Kwai-lan ({{lang|zh|莫桂蘭}}; 1892–1982), fourth spouse of Lingnan martial arts grandmaster Wong Fei-hung *Mok Chun Wah ({{lang|zh|莫振華}}; born 1929), Hong Kong footballer *Mok Cheuk Wing ({{lang|zh|莫卓榮}}; born 1949), Hong Kong judo athlete *Mok Ying-fan ({{lang|zh|莫應帆}}; born 1951), Hong Kong politician *Ngaiming Mok ({{lang|zh|莫毅明}}; born 1956), Hong Kong mathematician *Warren Mok ({{lang|zh|莫華倫}}; born 1958), Macau operatic tenor *Max Mok ({{lang|zh|莫少聰}}; born 1960), Hong Kong actor *Mok Ka Sha ({{lang|zh|莫卡莎}}; born 1962), Hong Kong table tennis player *Charles Mok ({{lang|zh|莫乃光}}; born 1964), Hong Kong internet entrepreneur and politician *Hoyan Mok ({{lang|zh|莫可欣)}}; born 1969), Hong Kong actress who won the 1993 Miss Hong Kong Pageant *Karen Mok ({{lang|zh|莫文蔚}}; born 1970), Hong Kong actress and pop singer *Patricia Mok ({{lang|zh|莫小玲}}; born 1971), Singaporean actress *Rosanda Mok ({{lang|zh|莫嘉嫻}}; born 1972), Hong Kong politician *Zandra Mok ({{lang|zh|莫宜端}}; born 1973), Hong Kong television reporter and politician *Monica Mok ({{lang|zh|莫小棋}}; born 1983), Beijing-born Australian actress *Mok Ying Ren ({{lang|zh|莫英任}}; born 1988), Singaporean triathlete and long-distance runner *Mok Hing Ling ({{lang|zh|莫慶靈}}), Chinese modern ink painter *May Mok ({{lang|zh|莫美華}}), Hong Kong sound effects editor *Philip Mok ({{lang|zh|莫國泰}}), Hong Kong professor of electrical engineering
===Korean surname {{lang|ko|목}}=== *Mok Jin-seok ({{korean|labels=no|목진석|睦鎭碩}}; born 1980), South Korean Go player *Mok Un-ju (born 1981), North Korean gymnast *Yebin Mok (born 1984), South Korean-born American figure skater
===Other or unknown=== *Abraham Mok (1888–1944), Dutch gymnast murdered in the Holocaust *Jack Mok (born 1935), South African rower *Clement Mok (born 1958), Canadian graphic designer *Ken Mok (born 1961), American television producer *Al Mok, American computer scientist *Judith Mok, Dutch soprano
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[https://www.dutchjewry.org/genealogy/mok/index.shtml Mok] on the "Genealogy" section of DutchJewry.org
Category:Chinese-language surnames Category:Dutch-language surnames Category:Hungarian-language surnames Category:Korean-language surnames Category:Surnames of Jewish origin Category:Multiple Chinese surnames Category:Cantonese-language surnames