{{Short description|French household goods company}} {{About|the privately held French housewares company|the publicly traded UK processor company of the same name|Synopsys#ARC International}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}} {{Infobox company | name = Arc Holdings | logo = Arc Holdings logo.png | logo_size = | caption = | type = Simplified joint stock company | owner = 100% private | parent = Arc | foundation = 1825 | founder = Georges Durand | location = Arques, France | key_people = {{ubl|Nicholas Hodler – Group CEO (since 1 August 2018)|Rick Haythornthwaite – Executive Director}} | num_employees = 7 500 employees around the world | industry = | products = Glassware, tableware, cookware, storage, decoration | revenue = 811 millions € in 2019 | net_income = | homepage = }}
'''Arc Holdings''' is the holding company of the Arc Group, specializing in the design and manufacturing of glass tableware. The Arc Group markets its collections in France and exports them abroad under the registered trademarks Luminarc, Arcopal, Cristal d’Arques Paris, Arcoroc and Chef&Sommelier. It also designs products for the private label and B2B markets.
==History==
=== 19th century === thumb|Arc ballon glass In 1825, Alexander des Lyons de Noircarm created a glass-making firm under the name Verrerie des Sept Ecluses. On 8 April 1826, the firm partnered with the Carpentier-Mancel glassworks, founded in 1823 in Saint-Martin-au-Laërt by Charles Carpentier under his management. On 5 September 1835, an ordinance authorized Carpentier to build a new glasswork furnace.<ref>Société du Recueil Sirey, vol. 35, 1836 ([https://books.google.com/books?id=FZRCAQAAMAAJ&dq=verrerie+arques&pg=PA594 lire en ligne]), Ordinance authorizing the Carpentier Manuel to establish a furnace in a glassworks located in Arques Pas de Calais O 2 sect no 87 14 Ord qui autorisent l acceptation de divers.</ref> On 3 July 1853, the Arques glassworks was taken over by Mr. Allard and Mr. Ladey. It was damaged by a fire in July 1856 which caused the roofs to collapse. Once rebuilt, the glassworks was taken over by the company Ladey et Bléchet on 31 March 1863. In 1869, Alexandre des Lyons de Noircarme relinquished all his shares in the glassworks. On 10 August 1884, the company Ladey et Bléchet became Blechet et Collette and then on 16 October 1886, it became Bléchet et compagnie. The glassworks ceased operations in April 1887. Operations restarted in 1893 after the creation of SA Verrerie et Cristallerie d’Arques on 19 November 1892. On 26 July 1897, it was bought by Prudent Avot at a legal sale. Georges Durand, who had worked at the Sèvres crystal glassworks for three years, became the director.<ref>[http://www.pic-inter.com/pic/285/saga-arc-international.aspx ''Arc International, de l’entreprise artisanale au groupe de renommée mondiale''], Revue PIC-INTER, No. 285, March - April 2004</ref> On 27 February 1900, he became a partner with the creation of the company Avot Durand. On 11 December 1916, the glassworks came under the exclusive control of Georges Durand, who founded the company G. Durand et cie.<ref name=":0">[http://www.pas-de-calais.gouv.fr/content/download/3038/14532/file/Arc%20Inter.. Michel Ravez, ''Projet de régularisation administrative de l'activité de la verrerie cristallerie "Arques International"''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305184319/http://pas-de-calais.gouv.fr/content/download/3038/14532/file/arc%20inter.. |date=5 March 2016 }}, public survey - From 15 March to 15 April 2010, Appendices No. 1, Historique du site</ref>
=== 20th century === The glassworks initially established itself as one of the industrial jewels of Northern France before, over the years, becoming an international group and world leader in tableware.<ref>Adrien Cahuzac, [http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/le-plan-anti-crise-d-arc-international.N140243 ''Le plan anti-crise d'Arc International''], L'Usine Nouvelle No. 3210, 21 October 2010</ref> Development began in earnest in 1927, when Georges Durand's second son, Jacques, joined the company.<ref>Yannick Boucher http://www.lavoixdunord.fr, 22 August 2007</ref>
In 1930, Jacques Durand went to the United States to study American glassworks, which were already equipped with tank furnaces and automatic machines. He decided to develop innovative manufacturing techniques and gradually equipped the company with new machines which allowed for improved production while preserving the creativity of glassmaking. The first tank furnace was constructed and the first presses were installed in 1934.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ducourtieux|first=Cécile|title=Fin d'âge d'or à "Cristalville"|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2007/08/22/fin-d-age-d-or-a-cristalville_946458_3224.html|newspaper=Le Monde.fr|date=22 August 2007}}</ref>
After the Second World War, the Verrerie Cristallerie d’Arques continued its industrial expansion under the leadership of Jacques Durand, who was the co-owner of the company with his father in 1946. Jacques Durand benefited from the low interests rates for loans under the Marshall Plan to finish equipping the factory with the latest machines designed in the United States.<ref name=":1">Jean-Paul Chavaudra, « La Verrerie d'Arques accélère son industrialisation », in ''Cent ans de vie dans la région'', 3rd tome : 1939-1958, La Voix du Nord editions, special issue 17 June 1999, p. 64-65.</ref> In 1950, the glassworks, which had unique equipment in Europe,<ref name=":1" /> produced 15,000 tonnes of glass per year with a workforce of 993 people.
By the 1960s, the company had mastered the process of manufacturing stemware and launched the “Ballon” glass, the first stemware automatically produced, and other finer glassware products. One of Arc's signature products is the thick-walled ten-sided "working glasses" that were a staple of French kitchens after their introduction in 1978.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.luminarc.us/info/classic.php |title=Luminarc Classics |access-date=2008-01-26 |publisher=Arc International |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080107063323/http://www.luminarc.us/info/classic.php |archive-date = 2008-01-07}}</ref>
In 1968, the Verrerie Cristallerie d’Arques led a worldwide industrial revolution by managing to mechanize the production of crystal stemware. By 1980, the glassworks produced 250,000 tonnes of glass per year and employed 9,000 people in France, primarily in Arques.<ref name=":0" />
From the 1930s to 2015, the company was dominated by the Durand family. The firm adopted a number of practices that positioned it to become one of Europe's leading mass production glassmakers.
From the 1980s onwards, the group began to internationalize its production with the creation of the Durand Glass Manufacturing Company (DGMC) in 1979, a production subsidiary based in Millville in New Jersey, which started production in 1982.<ref name="bloomberg.com">{{Cite web|title=Company Overview of Durand Glass Manufacturing Company, Inc|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=6630293|url-status=live|website=www.bloomberg.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150618192445/http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=6630293 |archive-date=18 June 2015 }}</ref>
At the height of its production, the company manufactured more than 1.6 billion items per year delivered to 144 countries. It was the largest private company in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region and the largest glass tableware company in the world.<ref name=":1" />
Jacques Durand, who had been the driving force behind this expansion, died on 30 April 1997. The management of the glassworks was then taken over by his wife and one of his sons.<ref name=":1" />
=== 21st century === In the 2000s, the Verrerie Cristallerie d’Arques changed its name, becoming Arc International, and its international locations grew in number: one production facility was created in Nanjing<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rouaud|first=Pierre-Olivier|date=18 March 2011|title=Dans l'antre du verrier français Arc, à Nankin|url=http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/dans-l-antre-du-verrier-francais-arc-a-nankin.N148526|website=www.usinenouvelle.com/}}</ref> in China in 2003, another was acquired in 2004 in the emirate of Ras al Khaimah,<ref name="Rouaud">{{Cite journal|last=Rouaud|first=Pierre-Olivier|date=12 September 2011|title=Arc s'étend aux Emirats|url=http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/arc-s-etend-aux-emirats.N158533|website=www.usinenouvelle.com}}</ref> and a third in Gous-Khroustalny<ref>{{cite web|date=7 October 2011|title=Arc International s'installe en Russie en investissant fortement dans le verrier OSZ|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/Locales/Saint_Omer/actualite/Secteur_Saint_Omer/2011/10/07/article_arc-international-s-installe-en-russie-e.shtml|url-status=live|website=www.lavoixdunord.fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008110847/http://www.lavoixdunord.fr:80/Locales/Saint_Omer/actualite/Secteur_Saint_Omer/2011/10/07/article_arc-international-s-installe-en-russie-e.shtml |archive-date=8 October 2011 }}</ref> in Russia in 2011.
This international development coincided with the difficulties faced by the group from the beginning of the 2000s. In 2004, losses exceeded €100 million. An initial employment protection plan led to almost 3,000 voluntary departures from the historic Arques site between 2004 and 2008. Two other voluntary departure plans were carried out in the following years and at the end of December 2012, the workforce at the site had halved from its number in 2004, decreasing from 12,000 employees to 6,000.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Andreau|first=Sylvie|title=Le verrier Arc évite la casse - leJDD.fr|url=http://www.lejdd.fr/Economie/Entreprises/Actualite/Le-verrier-Arc-evite-la-casse-587141|url-status=live|website=LeJDD.fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325165426/http://www.lejdd.fr/Economie/Entreprises/Actualite/Le-verrier-Arc-evite-la-casse-587141 |archive-date=25 March 2013 }}</ref>
In 2014, the group was in need of money and sold its subsidiary which produces Pyrex products, Arc International Cookware (AIC) to the American investment fund Aurora Capital Group,<ref>{{Cite web|date=31 January 2014|title=Arc International cède Pyrex au fonds Aurora|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-eco/2014/01/31/97002-20140131FILWWW00292-arc-international-cede-pyrex-au-fonds-aurora.php|url-status=live|website=Le Figaro|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140131172210/http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-eco/2014/01/31/97002-20140131FILWWW00292-arc-international-cede-pyrex-au-fonds-aurora.php |archive-date=31 January 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=11 February 2014|title=Nous sommes la seule usine au monde à fabriquer le Pyrex|url=http://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/Indre/Actualite/Economie-social/n/Contenus/Articles/2014/02/11/Nous-sommes-la-seule-usine-au-monde-a-fabriquer-le-Pyrex-1791763|url-status=live|website=La Nouvelle République|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309072057/http://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr:80/Indre/Actualite/Economie-social/n/Contenus/Articles/2014/02/11/Nous-sommes-la-seule-usine-au-monde-a-fabriquer-le-Pyrex-1791763 |archive-date=9 March 2014 }}</ref> and looked for new shareholders.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arc International cherche de nouveaux investisseurs, Patrick Puy, dans GMB|url=http://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/video/arc-international-cherche-de-nouveaux-investisseurs-patrick-puy-dans-gmb/3051620684001/|url-status=live|website=www.video.lefigaro.fr|date=14 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903085613/http://video.lefigaro.fr/figaro/video/arc-international-cherche-de-nouveaux-investisseurs-patrick-puy-dans-gmb/3051620684001/ |archive-date=3 September 2014 }}</ref> On 29 August 2014, HIG Capital France and Arc International announced they had signed an agreement for the acquisition of the majority of Arc International's capital<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 September 2014|title=Le verrier français Arc International passe sous pavillon américain|url=https://www.challenges.fr/entreprise/20140901.CHA7169/le-verrier-francais-arc-international-passe-sous-pavillon-americain.html|url-status=live|website=Challenges|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906085123/http://www.challenges.fr/entreprise/20140901.CHA7169/le-verrier-francais-arc-international-passe-sous-pavillon-americain.html |archive-date=6 September 2014 }}</ref> by HIG. This project would not be successful.
On 27 January 2015, following new economic difficulties, an employment protection plan was presented to the unions. This plan expected just under 200 redundancies.<ref>{{Cite web|date=27 January 2015|title=Arc International : le plan du repreneur PHP présenté mardi matin|url=http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/arc-international-le-plan-du-repreneur-php-presente-ia37b0n2624584|url-status=live|website=La Voix du Nord|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127194515/http://www.lavoixdunord.fr/region/arc-international-le-plan-du-repreneur-php-presente-ia37b0n2624584 |archive-date=27 January 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Laurie|first=Moniez|date=26 January 2015|title=Arc international : dernière ligne droite avant la reprise par PHP|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/01/26/arc-international-derniere-ligne-droite-avant-la-reprise-par-php_4563465_3234.html|url-status=live|website=Le Monde|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127131231/http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/01/26/arc-international-derniere-ligne-droite-avant-la-reprise-par-php_4563465_3234.html |archive-date=27 January 2015 }}</ref>
On 16 March 2015, the Boulogne-sur-Mer commercial tribunal approved the takeover of Arc International presented by the American company Peaked Hill Partners (PHP) following agreement between the historical shareholders, the banks, the state and the investors. Creditors agreed to reduce the group's debt, which had risen to 280 million euros, to 62 million euros.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Moniez|first=Laurie|date=19 June 2015|title=Un accord sur la dette ouvre la voie à la reprise d'Arc International|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/02/09/un-accord-sur-la-dette-ouvre-la-voie-a-la-reprise-d-arc-international_4572924_3234.html|url-status=live|website=www.lemonde.fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621223358/http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/02/09/un-accord-sur-la-dette-ouvre-la-voie-a-la-reprise-d-arc-international_4572924_3234.html |archive-date=21 June 2015 }}</ref> The buyers were to pay 58 million euros to recapitalize the company in exchange for a new employment protection plan which, following negotiations with the unions, led to 195 redundancies and the creation of 233 new jobs at the historic Arques site.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Le Monde avec AFP|date=19 June 2015|title=Le tribunal de commerce valide la reprise d'Arc International|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/03/16/la-reprise-d-arc-international-validee-par-le-tribunal-de-commerce_4594701_3234.html|url-status=live|website=www.lemonde.fr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407183056/http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/03/16/la-reprise-d-arc-international-validee-par-le-tribunal-de-commerce_4594701_3234.html |archive-date=7 April 2015 }}</ref>
This recapitalization allowed for the group's financial situation to be remedied.
In 2019, after two years of research, Arc created two new types of glass: culinary opal and colored opal, which allowed for the sale of collections of through-colored opal glass.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 February 2019|title=Arques Arc a proposé plusieurs nouveautés au salon de Francfort|url=https://www.lavoixdunord.fr/539608/article/2019-02-18/arc-propose-plusieurs-nouveautes-au-salon-de-francfort|url-status=live|website=La Voix du Nord|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713130837/https://www.lavoixdunord.fr/539608/article/2019-02-18/arc-propose-plusieurs-nouveautes-au-salon-de-francfort |archive-date=13 July 2021 }}</ref>
In early February 2021, the leadership of Arc announced the hiring of 225 on open-ended (CDI) contracts as a result of the partial operations agreement signed at the end of 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le groupe verrier Arc recrute 225 personnes en CDI tout en maintenant un régime d'activité partielle |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-eco/le-groupe-verrier-arc-recrute-225-personnes-en-cdi-tout-en-maintenant-un-regime-d-activite-partielle-20210202|url-status=live|website=www.lefigaro.fr|date=2 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202181944/https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-eco/le-groupe-verrier-arc-recrute-225-personnes-en-cdi-tout-en-maintenant-un-regime-d-activite-partielle-20210202 |archive-date=2 February 2021 }}</ref>
== Research and development == More than 100 people, including several dozen engineers, work on multiple projects from basic research to product development and the development of new processes. Alongside the R&D teams, the Marketing teams participate in the development of new products or new lines of research according to the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategy set out by the Group's management.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Berteloot|first=Frédéric|date=28 November 2019|title=Bienvenue dans le monde de la recherche et développement d'Arc France|page=17|work=L'indépendant du Pas-de-Calais}}</ref>
==Brands== thumb|385x385px|Stemware Longchamp - Cristal d'Arques The Group distributes its collections under 5 commercial brands.
=== Consumer Goods brands === '''Luminarc''' : Created in 1948. First brand of the Arc group, Luminarc offers tableware and glassware in clear or decorated glass for everyday use.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Grant |first1=Tina |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_rowAQAAMAAJ&q=luminarc+glassware+1948 |title=International Directory of Company Histories |last2=Derdak |first2=Thomas |date=February 2006 |publisher=St. James Press |isbn=978-1-55862-580-8 |pages=30–31 |language=en}}</ref>
'''Arcopal''' : Launched in 1958. Arcopal offers tableware in opal glass (flurosilicate) with vintage design.
'''Cristal d’Arques Paris''' : Created in 1968.
=== Food Service brands === '''Arcoroc''' : Established in 1958. Arcoroc offers glassware and crockery designed for intensive use to bars, hotels, restaurants and communities.
'''Chef&Sommelier''' : Created in 2008. Chef&Sommelier offers high-end glassware, tableware and cutlery for the hotel-restaurant industry as well as for retailers and tasting enthusiasts.
=== Division Business to Business === This division offers bespoke glass for professional clients: factories, manufacturers of semi-finished and finished products, distributors and service providers...
== Production ==
=== Figures === The Group produces more than 4.3 million items per day in its four factories: on the historic Arques site but also in the United States (since 1979), in China (since 2003), and in the United Arab Emirates (since 2004).
=== Production sites ===
* Arques, France : 4 400 employees * Millville, USA (since 1979) : 900 employees<ref name="bloomberg.com"/> * Nankin, China (since 2003) : 1 100 employees<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Pierre-Olivier|last=Rouaud|date=18 March 2011|title=Dans l'antre du verrier français Arc, à Nankin|url=http://www.usinenouvelle.com/article/dans-l-antre-du-verrier-francais-arc-a-nankin.N148526|website=www.usinenouvelle.com}}</ref> * {{ill|Ras el Khaïmah|fr|Ras el Khaïmah (ville)}} : United Arab Emirates (since 2004) : 1 100 employees<ref name="Rouaud"/>
== Key competitors== *Bormioli Rocco (Italy), 554 million euros revenue in 2011 and over 2500 employees. *Libbey (USA), 540 million euros revenue in 2009 and 6800 employees. *Paşabahçe (Turkey), 480 million euros revenue in 2009 and 5800 employees. *Maghsoud Factories Group (Iran), 3000 employees. *Kaveh Glass Industrial Group (Iran), 8000 employees and more than 20 factories. *Vicrila Industrias del Vidrio S.L.U (Spain), 25 million euros revenue. <ref>{{cite web|title=Global Glass Tableware Market is Expected to Reach USD 8,828.5 Million in 2017: Transparency Market Research|url=http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/global-glass-tableware-market-is-expected-to-reach-usd-88285-million-in-2017-transparency-market-research-177831271.html|website=prnewswire|access-date=4 July 2014|date=8 November 2012}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Glass makers and brands}} {{Authority control}}
Category:French companies established in 1825 Category:Glassmaking companies of France Category:Glass trademarks and brands Category:Kitchenware brands Category:French brands