{{Short description|Ukrainian Greek Catholic archbishop, Roman Catholic cardinal}} {{Use British English|date=February 2023}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} {{Infobox Christian leader | type = Cardinal | honorific-prefix = [[Eminence (style)|His Eminent Beatitude]] | name = Liubomyr Huzar | honorific-suffix = | title = [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]], [[Ukrainian Catholic Major Archeparchy of Kyiv–Galicia#List of primates|Major Archbishop of Kyiv-Galicia]] | image = Lubomyr Husar RISU.jpg | image_size = | caption = | church = [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] | province = Kyiv | archdiocese = Kyiv | elected = 29 August 2005 | ended = 10 February 2011 | predecessor = [[Myroslav Lubachivsky]] | successor = [[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]] | other_post = [[Santa Sofia a Via Boccea|Cardinal-Priest of S. Sofia a Via Boccea]] | previous_post = {{unbulleted list|Titular Bishop of Nisa in Lycia (1996–2001)|[[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv|Major Archbishop of Lviv]] (2001–2004)|[[Ukrainian Catholic Major Archeparchy of Kyiv–Galicia|Major Archbishop of Kyiv]] (2004–2011)}} <!---------- Orders ----------> | ordination = 30 March 1958 | ordained_by = [[Ambrozij Andrew Senyshyn]] | consecration = 2 April 1977 | consecrated_by = [[Josyf Slipyj]] | cardinal = 21 February 2001 | created_cardinal_by = [[Pope John Paul II]] | rank = Cardinal-Priest <!---------- Personal details ----------> | birth_name = Liubomyr Huzar | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1933|2|26}} | birth_place = Lwów, [[Second Polish Republic]] (present day [[Lviv]], Ukraine) | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|2017|5|31|1933|2|26}} | death_place = Kyiv, Ukraine | buried = | nationality = | religion = [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Ukrainian Greek Catholic]] | residence = Kniazhychi, [[Kyiv Oblast]] | parents = | signature = | feast_day = | venerated = | saint_title = | beatified_date = | beatified_place = | beatified_by = | canonized_date = | canonized_place = | canonized_by = | attributes = | patronage = | coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Lubomyr Husar.svg }} {{Infobox cardinal styles | cardinal name = Lubomyr Huzar | dipstyle = His Eminence | offstyle = Your Eminence | see = Lviv (emeritus) | posthumous = | image = Coat of arms of Lubomyr Husar.svg | image_size = 200px }}
'''Liubomyr Huzar''' [[Studite Brethren|MSU]] ({{langx|uk|Любомир Гузар}}; 26 February 1933 – 31 May 2017) was the [[Major Archbishop]] of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] and the first elected in independent Ukraine. He was also a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal of the Catholic Church]]. After the transfer of the [[episcopal see|see]] of [[Lviv]] to [[Kyiv]] in 2005, he was the Ukrainian Catholic [[Lists of leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Major Archbishop of Kyiv-Galicia]]. In February 2011 he became Major Archeparch Emeritus after he resigned due to ill health.
==Biography==
===Early life and ordination=== He was born in the city of Lwów (now [[Lviv]], Ukraine), in the family of [[Yaroslav Huzar]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Greek Catholic Church. Stanislau (Stanislau). Metrical books, 1783-1931. Volume 631-1/707 Births 1890-1901 |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CS9Y-VS9G-6?i=146&cat=1316609 |website=Family Search}}</ref> and Rostyslava Demchuk (Demczuk).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sr.rodovid.org/wk/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0:770142|title=Ростислава Олександра Демчук (Гузар) b. 3 мај 1904 d. 23 август 1992 - Родовид|website=sr.rodovid.org|accessdate=9 May 2023}}</ref> [[Luka Demchuk]] (Demczuk),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sr.rodovid.org/wk/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0:770141|title=Лука Демчук b. 1873 d. 6 март 1929 - Родовид|website=sr.rodovid.org|accessdate=9 May 2023}}</ref> the Priest of the [[Church of the Resurrection, Kalne, Zboriv Hromada|Parish of the Resurrection]] of village [[Kal'ne, Zboriv Raion|Kal'ne]] from 1909 to 1929, was the maternal grandfather of [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]] Liubomyr Huzar. Huzar emigrated with his parents in 1944 during [[World War II]] due to the advancing [[Soviet Army]]. At first the Huzar family briefly lived in [[Salzburg, Austria]], then emigrated to the United States in 1949.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zenit.org/rssenglish-30970|title=A Church that was supposed to disappear|publisher=[[Zenit News Agency]]|date=15 November 2010}}</ref>
From 1950 to 1954 he studied at [[Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Stamford#St. Basil College Seminary|St. Basil College Seminary]] in [[Stamford, Connecticut]]. He studied at [[The Catholic University of America]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lviv-future.com.ua/uk/articles-chym-dyvuye-vulyczya-kardynala-guzara-u-lvovi|title=Чим дивує вулиця Кардинала Гузара у Львові - lviv-future.com.ua|date=1 February 2023|accessdate=9 May 2023}}</ref> Later studied at [[Fordham University]] in the United States, and was ordained a priest on 30 March 1958 for the [[Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Stamford]].
===Pastoral work=== From 1958 to 1969, he taught at St. Basil College Seminary and was pastor at Holy Trinity Ukrainian Catholic Church in [[Kerhonkson, New York]], between 1966 and 1969. In 1969, Huzar went to Rome, where he spent three years earning a doctorate in theology at the [[Pontifical Urbaniana University]]. He then entered the Monastery of the [[Studite Brethren|Studites]] in [[Castel Gandolfo]] in Italy, and was named its Superior in 1974.
===Bishop=== He was consecrated a bishop in 1977 in the [[Castel Gandolfo]] chapel by Major Archbishop [[Josyf Slipyj]] with help of titular bishop of Zigris [[Ivan Prasko]] and bishop of Toronto [[Isidore Borecky]] without papal approval (apostolic mandate) in an act which caused many irritations in the [[Roman Curia]],<ref>[http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/Ukraine%20(English).htm Apostolische Nachfolge. Ukraine. German [English] site of the German CSSp Province] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914213026/http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/Ukraine%20(English).htm |date=14 September 2017 }}.</ref><ref name=FIU190103>[https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios2001.htm The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church].</ref> as [[1917 Code of Canon Law|Roman Canon Law]] required papal permission for the consecration of a bishop.<ref>{{cite book |title=Codex iuris canonici (1917) |publisher=IntraText |url=http://www.intratext.com/IXT/LAT0813/_INDEX.HTM |access-date=3 March 2022 |chapter=Can. 2370 |quote=Can. 2370. Episcopus aliquem consecrans in Episcopum, Episcopi vel, loco Episcoporum, presbyteri assistentes, et qui consecrationem recipit sine apostolico mandato contra praescriptum can. 953, ipso iure suspensi sunt, donec Sedes Apostolica eos dispensaverit.}}</ref> He was named [[Archimandrite]] (Archabbot) of the [[Studite Brethren|Studite Monks]] in Europe and America in 1978. He organised a new [[Saint Theodore the Studite Monastery, Kolodiivka, Ternopil Oblast|Saint Theodore the Studite monastery]] in [[Kolodiivka, Ternopil Oblast|Kolodiivka]], [[Ternopil Oblast]], Ukraine, in 1994, and was elected by the Synod of Bishops of the Ukrainian Church as exarch of the [[archiepiscopal exarchy]] of Kyiv and [[Vyshhorod]] in 1995, confirmed by the Pope the following year (February 1996) by nominating to the titular see of [[:de:Titularbistum Nisa in Lycia|Nisa di Licia]].<ref name=FIU190103/> On 14 October 1996 the UGCC Synod of Bishops named Huzar auxiliary of the Archbishop Major of Lviv as coadjutor with special delegations. In October 1999 he attended the 2nd Special Assembly for Europe.<ref name=FIU190103/> Although once a [[citizenship of the United States|citizen of the United States]], Huzar [[relinquishment of United States nationality|gave up his U.S. citizenship]] after transferring to Ukraine, and adopted the citizenship of Ukraine.
===Major Archbishop and Cardinal=== {{Infobox cardinal styles | cardinal name = Liubomyr Huzar | dipstyle = His Eminence | offstyle = Your Eminence | see = Kyiv and Halych | posthumous = | image = Coat of arms of Lubomyr Husar.svg | image_size = 200px }} In December 2000, [[Pope John Paul II]] named Huzar [[apostolic administrator]] of the Ukrainian Greek [[Major-Archeparchy]] of Lviv,<ref name=FIU190103/> and in January 2001 the Ukrainian Greek synod elected him Major Archbishop which was approved by the Pope the next day.<ref name=FIU190103/> On 21 February of that year Pope John Paul II made Huzar [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Santa Sofia a Via Boccea]].<ref name=FIU190103/> Cardinal Huzar was one of the three Eastern Catholics to [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 2005|participate]] in the [[papal conclave, 2005]],<ref name=FIU190103/> the others being [[Ignatius Moses I Daoud|Ignace Daoud]] of the [[Syriac Catholic Church]] and [[Varkey Vithayathil]] of the [[Syro-Malabar Church]]. ([[Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir]] and [[Stéphanos II Ghattas]] of the [[Maronite Church]] and [[Coptic Catholic Church]] respectively were both over 80 and therefore could not take part.) At that [[papal conclave]], he was one of the cardinals considered ''[[papabile]]'',<ref>{{cite web | url=http://nationalcatholicreporter.org/word/word1026.htm | title=The Word from Rome }}</ref> something unusual for an [[Eastern Catholic]]. Also at that conclave, Cardinal Huzar was the first Major-Archbishop from the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church ever to participate in a papal conclave as cardinal-elector.{{efn|Since the Union of Brest in 1595, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church has had five archbishops and major-archbishops who were made cardinals including Cardinal Huzar. Two of them, [[Mykhajlo Levitsky]] and [[Sylvester Sembratovych]] retained their title for such a short period of time that did not have the opportunity to participate in a conclave. Two others, [[Josyf Slipyj]] and [[Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky]] turned 80 and became ineligible to participate in a conclave under the terms of Pope Paul VI's 1971 motu propio ''[[Ingravescentem aetatem]]'', a rule subsequently confirmed in the Apostolic Constitutions ''Romano Pontifici Eligendo'' (1975) and ''Universi Dominici Gregis'' (1996). Slipyj was 86 during the two conclaves of 1978 and thus did not take part and Lubachivsky was 86 at the time of his death in 2000 and so would not have been eligible to participate in the conclave of 2005 had he still lived.}}
Huzar was one of [[St. Gallen Group|about a dozen like-minded European prelates]] who met annually from 1995 to 2006 in [[St. Gallen]], Switzerland, to discuss reforms with respect to the appointment of bishops, collegiality, bishops' conferences, the primacy of the papacy and sexual morality; they differed among themselves, but shared the view that Cardinal [[Joseph Ratzinger]] was not the sort of candidate they hoped to see elected at the next conclave.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Pentin|first1=Edward|title=Cardinal Danneels Admits to Being Part of 'Mafia' Club Opposed to Benedict XVI|url=http://www.ncregister.com/blog/edward-pentin/cardinal-danneels-part-of-mafia-club-opposed-to-benedict-xvi|accessdate=15 August 2017|work=National Catholic Register|date=24 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Pentin|first1=Edward|title=Cardinal Danneels' Biographers Retract Comments on St. Gallen Group|url=http://www.ncregister.com/blog/edward-pentin/st.-gallen-group-not-a-lobby-group-say-authors|accessdate=15 August 2017|work=National Catholic Register|date=26 September 2015}}</ref>
The major archiepiscopal [[episcopal see|see]] of [[Lviv]] was moved on 21 August 2005, to the city of [[Kyiv]], the capital of Ukraine. He was acclaimed by his followers as [[Patriarch]] of [[Lists of leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Kyiv-Galicia]], a title not recognised by the Holy See.
In October 2007, Huzar received an honorary doctorate from the Catholic University of America in conjunction with the 100th anniversary of the first assigning of a bishop of the UGCC to the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.risu.org.ua/eng/news/article;18242/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907200159/http://www.risu.org.ua/eng/news/article;18242/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-09-07|title=RISU News|accessdate=9 May 2023}}</ref>
In February 2008, a celebratory [[liturgy]] was held in the [[Basilica]] of Santa Sophia in Rome on the occasion of the 75th birthday and 50th anniversary of priesthood of Cardinal Huzar. The Head of the UGCC was greeted by [[Pope Benedict XVI]], whose address was read by the secretary of Cardinal [[Leonardo Sandri]], Monsignor [[Maurizio Malvestiti]].<ref>''"Pope Honors Head of UGCC on Priesthood Anniversary", RISU News, February 2008''</ref>
In 2008 [[Viktor Yushchenko]] signed a decree to decorate Cardinal Huzar with the Order of [[Yaroslav I the Wise|Prince Yaroslav the Wise]] (the 3rd class). He was honoured with the highest state award "for his outstanding personal contribution in spiritual revival of the Ukrainian nation, longstanding church work, and to mark his 75th birthday".
With failing eyesight due to poorly treated eye disease<ref name=FIU190103/> forcing him to perform the church's intricate liturgical rites from memory, his early resignation was accepted on 10 February 2011<ref>[http://press.Catholica.va/news_services/bulletin/news/26821.php?index=26821&po_date=10.02.2011&lang=en RINUNCIA DELL’ARCIVESCOVO MAGGIORE DI KYIV-HALYČ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320184005/http://press.catholica.va/news_services/bulletin/news/26821.php?index=26821&po_date=10.02.2011&lang=en |date=20 March 2012 }}</ref> although normally the major archbishop serves for life. Cardinal Huzar's resignation triggered a meeting of the [[Synod#Synods|Synod]] of the Ukrainian church, comprising its global body of bishops, to elect a new major archbishop, which must begin within a month. In the interim, Ihor Vozniak, C.SS.R., Archeparch of Lviv, served as administrator. The last time a Ukrainian Major Archbishop left office while living was in 1882. The new Major Archbishop, [[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]], was elected by the Ukrainian Synod on 23 March and confirmed by [[Pope Benedict XVI]] on 25 March 2011.
On 26 February 2013, 2 days before the announced resignation of Pope Benedict XVI, Cardinal Huzar turned 80 and lost his right to participate in a conclave.<ref name=FIU190103/>
He died on 31 May 2017 at the age of 84.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/news-40110768|title=Помер Любомир Гузар|newspaper=BBC News Україна |accessdate=9 May 2023}}</ref>
==Notes== {{Notelist}}
==Bibliography== *''Любомир Гузар: Спогади'' {{ISBN|9786178374099}} *Antoine Arjakovsky, ''Conversations With Lubomyr Cardinal Husar: Towards a Post-Confessional Christianity'' (Lviv, 2007)
==Sources and references== {{Reflist}}
==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060506023204/http://www.cardinalrating.com/cardinal_43.htm Cardinalrating pages concerning him] * An interview published in February 2004 by [[Zerkalo Nedeli]] (Mirror Weekly), Kyiv, [http://www.dt.ua/3000/3690/45603/ in Ukrainian]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} and [http://www.zerkalo-nedeli.com/ie/show/482/45603/ in Russian]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. * [http://www.Catholic-pages.com/hierarchy/cardinals_bio.asp?ref=192 Biography at Catholic-pages.com] * [http://www.Catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bhusar.html Biography at Catholic-hierarchy.com]
{{s-start}} {{s-rel|ca}} {{s-new|before=}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Kyiv|Archepiscopal Exarch of Kyiv-Vyshhorod]]|years=2 April 1996–14 October 1996}} {{s-aft|after=[[Mykhaylo Koltun]]}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=[[Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Lists of leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Major Archbishop of Lviv]]|years=25 January 2001–6 December 2004}} {{s-aft|after=[[Ihor Vozniak]]|as=[[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv|Archbishop of Lviv]]}} {{s-break}} {{s-new|rows=2}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Kyiv|Archbishop of Kyiv]]|years=6 December 2004–10 February 2011}} {{s-aft|after=[[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]]|rows=2}} {{s-break}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Lists of leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Major Archbishop of Kyiv-Galicia]]|years=21 August 2005–10 February 2011}} {{s-bef|before=[[Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Santa Sofia a Via Boccea|Cardinal Priest of Santa Sofia a Via Boccea]]|years=21 February 2001 – 31 May 2017}} {{s-aft|after=[[Mykola Bychok]]}} {{s-end}}
{{Cardinals created by John Paul II}} {{Ukrainian cardinals}} {{Ordinaries of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church}} {{Hierarchy of the UGCC}} {{Eastern Catholic bishops of Lviv eparchy}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Huzar, Liubomyr}} [[Category:Liubomyr Huzar]] [[Category:1933 births]] [[Category:2017 deaths]] [[Category:People from Lwów Voivodeship]] [[Category:Metropolitans of Kyiv-Galicia]] [[Category:Metropolitans of Galicia (1808-2005)]] [[Category:Clergy from Lviv]] [[Category:Ukrainian cardinals]] [[Category:Catholic University of America alumni]] [[Category:Fordham University alumni]] [[Category:Pontifical Urban University alumni]] [[Category:Cardinals created by Pope John Paul II]] [[Category:Studite Brethren]] [[Category:Members of the Pontifical Council for Culture]] [[Category:People who renounced United States citizenship]] [[Category:Naturalized citizens of Ukraine]] [[Category:20th-century Eastern Catholic bishops]] [[Category:21st-century Eastern Catholic archbishops]] [[Category:Eastern Catholic bishops in Ukraine]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 3rd class]] [[Category:Leaders of the Ruthenian Uniate Church]] [[Category:Honorary Citizens of Ternopil]]