{{short description|none}} <!-- Please only add a fork to this list if the fork has an article.
--> {{dynamic list}} This is a list of notable software forks.
thumb|upright|A timeline chart of how Linux distributions forked. The three largest trees are (from top) Debian, SLS and Red Hat.
==Undated== *The many varieties of proprietary Unix in the 1980s and 1990s – almost all derived from AT&T Unix under licence and all called "Unix", but increasingly mutually incompatible. ''See'' Unix wars. *Most Linux distributions are descended from other distributions, most being traceable back to Debian, Red Hat or Softlanding Linux System (see image right). Since most of the content of a distribution is free and open source software, ideas and software interchange freely as is useful to the individual distribution. Merges (''e.g.'', United Linux or Mandriva) are rare. *Pretty Good Privacy, forked outside of the United States<!-- see that article for ref--> to free it from restrictive US laws on the export of cryptography software. *The game ''Hack'' forked ''NetHack'' (1987) which then forked several variants using the original code, notably ''Slash'EM'' (1997). *Openswan and strongSwan, from the discontinued FreeS/WAN.
== 1981 ==
*Symbolics Lisp Machine operating system, later called Symbolics Genera. Forked from the MIT Lisp Machine operating system, which was licensed by MIT to Symbolics in 1980.<ref>[http://www.textfiles.com/bitsavers/pdf/symbolics/LM-2/MIT_Lisp_Machine_License_Signed_Press_Release_Oct1980.pdf MIT Lisp Machine License Signed Press Release October 1980]</ref> This fork later motivated Richard Stallman to start the GNU Project.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/gnu/rms-lisp.html Richard Stallman, My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs]</ref>
== 1985 ==
*POSTGRES (later PostgreSQL), after Ingres branched off as a proprietary project.
== 1990 ==
*Microsoft SQL Server, from Sybase SQL Server, via a technology-sharing agreement concerning the Tabular Data Stream protocol. *SWLPC, from LPMud.
== 1991 ==
* Xemacs, from GNU Emacs, originally for Lucid Corporation internal needs.
== 1993 ==
*FreeBSD, started as a patchkit to 386BSD. *NetBSD, started as a patchkit to 386BSD.
== 1995 ==
*Apache HTTP Server, from the moribund NCSA HTTPd. *OpenBSD, a fork of NetBSD 1.0 by Theo de Raadt due to internal developer personality clashes.
== 1997 ==
*EGCS was a fork of GCC, later named as the official version.
== 1998 == *Grace, from Xmgr, after that project ceased development.
== 1999 ==
*FilmGIMP, later called CinePaint, from GIMP, to handle 48-bit colour. *OSSH from SSH, when that project was proprietised.<ref name=openssh>{{cite web | url=http://www.openssh.com/history.html | title=OpenSSH Project History | date=2016-04-20 | publisher=OpenSSH | accessdate=2016-08-03}}</ref> *OpenSSH, from OSSH.<ref name=openssh/> *Sodipodi, from Gill. *Steel Bank Common Lisp, from CMU Common Lisp.
== 2000 ==
* TrueCrypt, from E4M when the latter was discontinued. * Tux Racer went proprietary in 2000, leading to several forks including OpenRacer, PlanetPenguin Racer and Extreme Tux Racer. * OpenOffice.org, from StarOffice after Sun Microsystems made the source code publicly available. OpenOffice.org was eventually forked into LibreOffice.
== 2001 ==
*ELinks, began as an experimental fork of Links. *Fluxbox, from Blackbox. *GNU Radio, from pSpectra. *Xvid, was a fork of OpenDivX. *WebKit, project was started within Apple by Lisa Melton on 25 June 2001 as a fork of KHTML.
== 2002 ==
* GForge, from SourceForge. * GraphicsMagick, from ImageMagick due to concerns over the openness of development. * The Matroska container format, from the Multimedia Container Format, due to differences in direction. * MirOS BSD, from OpenBSD. * Syllable Desktop, from the stagnant AtheOS.
== 2003 ==
*aMule, from xMule, which itself forked from lMule shortly before, over developer disagreements. *b2evolution, from b2/CafeLog. *DragonFly BSD, from FreeBSD 4.8 by long-time FreeBSD developer Matt Dillon, due to disagreement over FreeBSD 5's technical direction. *Epiphany, from Galeon, after developer disagreements about Galeon's growing complexity. *Inkscape (vector-graphics program), from Sodipodi. *NeoOffice, a fork of OpenOffice.org, with an incompatible license (GPL rather than LGPL), due to disagreements about licensing and about the best method to port OpenOffice.org to Mac OS X. *The Safari renderer that became WebKit, from KHTML. *sK1, from Skencil when the latter moved from Tk to GTK+. *WordPress, from b2/CafeLog. *Zen Cart, from osCommerce.
== 2004 ==
*Baz, the previous version of Bazaar, from GNU arch. *FrostWire, from LimeWire after LimeWire's developers considered adding RIAA-sponsored blocking code. *MediaPortal, from XBMC. *WineX (later Cedega), was a proprietary fork of Wine. *XOrg, from XFree86, in order to adopt a more open development model and due to concerns over the latter's change to a license many distributors found unacceptable.
== 2005 ==
*Audacious, from Beep Media Player to continue work on the old version of that project. *Joomla, from Mambo due to concerns over project structure. *Claws Mail, from Sylpheed, due to perceived slowness in accepting enhancements.
== 2006 ==
*Adempiere, a community maintained fork of Compiere 2.5.3b, due to disagreement with commercial and technical direction of Compiere Inc. *Cdrkit, from Cdrtools due to perceived licensing issues.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://lwn.net/Articles/195167/ | title=cdrtools - a tale of two licenses | first=Jonathan | last=Corbet | date=2006-08-12 | work=LWN.net | accessdate=2016-08-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2006/09/msg00002.html | title=cdrkit (fork of cdrtools) uploaded to Debian, please test | first=Joerg | last=Jaspert | date=2006-09-04 | work=debian-devel-announce | publisher=Debian | accessdate=2016-08-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=377109 | title=RM: cdrtools -- RoM: non-free, license problems | date=2006-01-31 | publisher=Debian | accessdate=2016-08-03}} </ref> *LedgerSMB, from SQL-Ledger, due to disagreements over handling of security issues. *MindTouch, a fork of MediaWiki. *Mulgara, from Kowari after trademark threats from Northrop Grumman. *MPC-HC,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trac.mpc-hc.org/wiki/Changelog|title=Change log of release date from MPC-HC project}}</ref> a fork of Media Player Classic.
== 2007 == *Go-oo, from OpenOffice.org, due to that project's contributor licensing agreement.
== 2008 == * Boxee, a proprietary fork of XBMC. * Dreamwidth, from LiveJournal by ex-LiveJournal developers. * Drizzle, was intended as a slimmed-down and faster fork of MySQL. * MiaCMS, from Mambo. * Plex, a proprietary fork of XBMC.
== 2009 ==
*dbndns, from djbdns after the latter was released into the public domain and abandoned. *Freeplane, from FreeMind. *FusionForge, from GForge when GForge shifted focus to its proprietary version. *Icinga, from Nagios, due to perceived slow development and problems dealing with Nagios LLC.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.icinga.org/resources/faq/ | title=Frequently Asked Questions | publisher=Icinga | accessdate=2016-08-03}}</ref> *kompoZer, from Nvu after that project went dormant. *MariaDB, from MySQL, over concern as to Sun Microsystems' plans for the latter. *Pale Moon, from Firefox. *Qt Extended Improved, from Qtopia after the latter was discontinued by Qt Software. *Voddler, is a proprietary fork of XBMC and FFmpeg.
== 2010 == *Peppermint Linux OS, from Lubuntu, due to a perceived need for a cloud-centric derivative of the Ubuntu OS. *Chamilo, from Dokeos, due to community management concerns with that project. *LibreOffice, from OpenOffice.org (and merging Go-oo), due to Oracle Corporation's perceived neglect of the software. *OpenIndiana, from OpenSolaris after Oracle Corporation discontinued the latter. ** Illumos, from the OpenSolaris kernel OS/Net, after Oracle ended public access to the source code. *webtrees, from PhpGedView, due to SourceForge's policy on exporting encryption. *Xonotic, from Nexuiz, after that project was taken proprietary. * Mageia, from Mandriva Linux, due to financial uncertainty and the layoff by Edge-IT, a Mandriva subsidiary employing many of the corporate staff working on the Mandriva distribution *OpenAM, from OpenSSO after Oracle Corporation discontinued the latter. *Calligra, from KOffice after developer disagreements.
== 2011 == *Fire OS, a fork of Android for the Kindle Fire *Jenkins, from Hudson (2011), due to Oracle Corporation's perceived neglect of the project's infrastructure and disagreements over use of the name on non-Oracle-maintained infrastructure. *Univa Grid Engine, from Oracle Grid Engine, after Oracle Corporation stopped releasing project source. *Mer, started as a fork of MeeGo. *libav, a fork of ffmpeg. *WooCommerce, a fork of Jigoshop.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.kasareviews.com/jigoshop-review-end-of-jigoshop-ecommerce/ | title=Jigoshop Rise and Fall - How Did It Come to End of Jigoshop eCommerce Plugin? | date=27 April 2020 }}</ref>
== 2012 ==
* MPC-BE, a fork of Media Player Classic
== 2013 == *Blink, a fork of WebKit. *SuiteCRM, from the last open source version of SugarCRM.
== 2014 == *LibreSSL, from OpenSSL. *Nokia X software platform, a fork of the Android Open Source Project developed by Nokia exclusively for its X family of Android smartphones. *io.js from node.js. In 2015 it was blessed as the official version of node.js.
== 2015 == *EdgeHTML, from Trident *Open Live Writer, from Windows Live Writer 2012
== 2016 == *Collabora Online, from LibreOffice, Collabora Online is a web-based enterprise ready edition of LibreOffice *Goanna, from Gecko *Nextcloud, from ownCloud *LineageOS, from CyanogenMod
== 2017 == *Bitcoin Cash, from Bitcoin Core, supported by the forked implementations Bitcoin ABC, Bitcoin Unlimited and Bitcoin XT. *Unified XUL Platform, from XUL.<ref>{{cite web|title=README for the initial, deprecated UXP repository on GitHub |website=GitHub |url=https://github.com/MoonchildProductions/moebius/blob/master/README.md |accessdate=2018-04-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=REMADE for the current UXP repository on GitHub |website=GitHub |url=https://github.com/MoonchildProductions/UXP/blob/v2018.04.23/README.md |accessdate=2018-04-25}}</ref>
== 2018 == *Basilisk, from Firefox.
== 2019 ==
* Trino, from Presto.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Phillips |first1=David |last2=Sundstrom |first2=Dain |last3=Traverso |first3=Martin |title=We're rebranding PrestoSQL as Trino |url=https://trino.io/blog/2020/12/27/announcing-trino.html |website=trino.io |access-date=4 October 2022 |language=en |date=27 December 2020}}</ref>
== 2021 == *BuzzlyArt, from Artrise *Floorp, a free and open-source web browser based on Firefox.
== 2022 ==
* Angie, from Nginx.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Darkcrizt |date=2022-11-03 |title=Angie, the Nginx fork created by developers who left F5 |url=https://blog.desdelinux.net/en/angie-the-nginx-fork-created-by-devs-who-ditched-f5/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Desde Linux |language=en}}</ref>
== 2023 ==
* OpenTofu, from Terraform.<ref>{{cite web |title=Linux Foundation Launches OpenTofu: A New Open Source Alternative to Terraform |url=https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press/announcing-opentofu |website=Linux Foundation |publisher=Linux Foundation |access-date=29 April 2024}}</ref>
== 2024 ==
* Freenginx, from Nginx. * Valkey, from Redis<ref>{{cite news |title=Linux Foundation Launches Open Source Valkey Community |url=https://www.linuxfoundation.org/press/linux-foundation-launches-open-source-valkey-community |access-date=29 April 2024 |publisher=Linux Foundation |date=28 March 2024}}</ref> * CoMaps, from Organic Maps<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-29 |title=Organic Maps Forked Over Governance Concerns: CoMaps is Born |url=https://itsfoss.com/news/organic-maps-fork-comaps/ |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=It's FOSS |language=en}}</ref>
==See also== * List of Lisp-family programming languages
== References == {{reflist}}
Category:Software forks