List of the oldest mosques

{{Short description|none}} {{EngvarB|date=December 2016}} {{use mdy dates|date=April 2025}} {{Multiple issues| {{more citations needed|date=January 2014}} {{Unreliable sources|date=September 2023}} }}

The '''oldest mosques in the world''' can refer to the oldest, surviving mosque building or to the oldest mosque congregation. There is also a distinction between old mosque buildings in continuous use as mosques and others no longer used as mosques. In terms of congregations, there are early established congregations that have been in continuous existence, and early congregations that ceased to exist.

The major regions, such as Africa and Eurasia, are sorted alphabetically, and the minor regions, such as Arabia and South Asia, are sorted by the dates in which their first mosques were reportedly established, more or less, barring those that are mentioned by name in the Quran.

To be listed here a site must: * be the oldest mosque in a country, large city (top 50), or oldest of its type (denomination, architectural, etc.); * be the oldest congregation of its type (denomination).

== Mentioned in the Quran == The following are treated as the oldest mosques or sanctuaries<ref name="Michigan C 1986">{{cite book |author=Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies |editor1=Goss, V.P. |editor2=Bornstein, C.V. |title=The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades |publisher=Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University |volume=21 |page=208 |isbn=978-0-9187-2058-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ |year=1986}}</ref> mentioned in the Quran:<ref name="Cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns">Quran 17:1-7 {{cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:15%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! class="unsortable"; style="width:30%"|Notes

|- |Al-Haram Mosque |center|120px |Mecca |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0|Unknown}}, considered the oldest mosque, associated with Abraham<ref name="Michigan C 1986"/> |''Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām'',{{efn|Mentioned in: Quran 2:144–217;<ref name="Cite quran|2|144|e=217|s=ns">{{cite quran|2|144|e=217|s=ns}}</ref> Quran 5:2;<ref name="Cite quran|5|2|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|5|2|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> Quran 8:34;<ref name="Cite quran|8|34|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|8|34|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> Quran 9:7–28;<ref name="Cite quran|9|7|e=28|s=ns">{{cite quran|9|7|e=28|s=ns}}</ref> Quran 17:1;<ref name="Cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns"/> Quran 22:25;<ref name="Cite quran|22|25|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|22|25|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> Quran 48:25–27.<ref name="Cite quran|48|25|e=27|s=ns">{{cite quran|48|25|e=27|s=ns}}</ref>}} the holiest sanctuary, containing the ''Ka'bah'', a site of the ''Ḥajj'' ('Pilgrimage'), the ''Qiblah''<ref name="Cite quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> (direction of formal prayers of Muslims), and the first mosque<ref name="Cite quran|3|96|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|3|96|t=y|s=ns}}</ref><ref name="Cite quran|22|25|e=37|s=ns">{{Cite quran|22|25|e=37|s=ns}}</ref> in Islamic thought.<ref name="Lings">''Mecca: From Before Genesis Until Now'', M. Lings, p. 39, Archetype</ref><ref name="Zeitlin">{{cite book |author=Zeitlin, I.M. |title=The Historical Muhammad |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |chapter=3 |isbn=978-0745654881 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v_seJ21M0UoC |year=2013}}</ref> Rebuilt many times, notably 1571 by the Ottomans, and the late 20th century by the Saudis, further enlargement under way since 2010. |- |Al-Aqsa Mosque Compound (Al-Aqsa) |center|120px |Jerusalem (old city) |Administered by Israel, claimed by Israel and Palestine |Considered the second oldest mosque in Islamic tradition,<ref name=NG>{{cite book | author=National Geographic Society (U.S.) | last2=de Blij | first2=H.J. | last3=Downs | first3=R. | author4=John Wiley & Sons | title=Wiley/National Geographic College Atlas of the World | publisher=Wiley | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-471-74117-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pPQ5AQAAIAAJ | access-date=2022-06-15 | page=49|quote=Al 'Aqsa is the second oldest mosque in Islam after the Kaaba in Mecca and is third in holiness after the mosques in Mecca and Medina. It holds up to 400,000 worshippers at one time.}}</ref> associated with Abraham.<ref name="Michigan C 1986"/> The Dome of the Rock was constructed in 692, the Qibli Mosque in 705. |''Al-Masjid al-Aqṣá'',<ref name="Cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns"/> the former ''Qiblah'',<ref>"The Spiritual Significance of Jerusalem: The Islamic Vision. The Islamic Quarterly. 4 (1998): pp. 233–242</ref> site of the significant event of ''Night Journey'' ''(Isra and Mi'raj)<ref name="17th2">{{Cite book |last=Buchanan |first=Allen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bntCSupRlO4C&pg=PA192 |title=States, Nations, and Borders: The Ethics of Making Boundaries |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-521-52575-6 |author-link=Allen Buchanan}}</ref>'', considered the third holiest site in Islam. The Qur'an does not specify the precise location of "the furthest place of prayer", and its meaning was debated by early Islamic scholars.<ref name="Khatib">{{cite journal |last=el-Khatib |first=Abdallah |date=1 May 2001 |title=Jerusalem in the Qur'ān |url=http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1353-0194&volume=28&issue=1&spage=25 |url-status=dead |journal=British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=25–53 |doi=10.1080/13530190120034549 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209133352/http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1353-0194&volume=28&issue=1&spage=25 |archive-date=9 December 2012 |access-date=17 November 2006 |s2cid=159680405|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name=":9">Khalek, N. (2011). ''Jerusalem in Medieval Islamic Tradition. Religion Compass, 5(10), 624–630.'' {{doi|10.1111/j.1749-8171.2011.00305.x}}. "One of the most pressing issues in both medieval and contemporary scholarship related to Jerusalem is weather the city is explicitly referenced in the text of the Qur'an. Sura 17, verse 1, which reads [...] has been variously interpreted as referring to the miraculous Night Journey and Ascension of Muhammad, events recorded in medieval sources and known as the isra and miraj. As we will see, this association is a rather late and even a contested one. [...] The earliest Muslim work on the Religious Merits of Jerusalem was the Fada'il Bayt al-Maqdis by al-Walid ibn Hammad al-Ramli (d. 912 CE), a text which is recoverable from later works. [...] He relates the significance of Jerusalem vis-a-vis the Jewish Temple, conflating 'a collage of biblical narratives' and comments pilgrimage to Jerusalem, a practice which was controversial in later Muslim periods."</ref><ref name="Colby20082">{{cite book |author=Frederick S. Colby |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sasZCjcTisIC&pg=PA15 |title=Narrating Muhammad's Night Journey: Tracing the Development of the Ibn 'Abbas Ascension Discourse |year= 2008 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-7914-7788-5 |page=15 |quote=If Muslims interpret the qur'anic phrase "the sacred place of prayer" in diverse ways, one encounters even more debate over the destination of the night journey, the "furthest place of prayer". From the earliest extant Muslim texts, it becomes clear that a group of Muslims from the beginning interpreted "furthest place of prayer" with the city of Jerusalem in general and its Herodian/Solomonic Temple in particular. It is equally clear that other early Muslims disputed this connection, identifying the "furthest place of prayer" instead as a reference to a site in the heavens. Eventually a general consensus formed around the idea that Muhammad's journey did indeed take him to Jerusalem. Even if the night journey verse were thought to refer first and foremost to the terrestrial portion of Muhammad's journey, nevertheless for centuries scholars and storytellers also continued to connect this verse with the idea of an ascent through the levels of the heavens. |access-date=14 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715080148/https://books.google.com/books?id=sasZCjcTisIC&pg=PA15 |archive-date=15 July 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Grabar |first=Oleg |date=1959 |title=The Umayyad Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4629098 |journal=Ars Orientalis |volume=3 |pages=33–62 |issn=0571-1371 |jstor=4629098 |quote=Bevan has shown that among early traditionists there are many who do not accept the identification of the masjid al-aqsd, and among them are to be found such great names as al-Bukhari and Tabarl. Both Ibn Ishaq an al-Ya'qubi precede their accounts with expressions which indicate that these are stories which are not necessarily accepted as dogma. It was suggested by J. Horovitz that in the early period of Islam there is little justification for assuming that the Koranic expression in any way referred to Jerusalem. But while Horovitz thought that it referred to a place in heaven, A. Guillaume's careful analysis of the earliest texts (al-Waqidi and al-Azraqi, both in the later second century A.H.) has convincingly shown that the Koranic reference to the masjid al-aqsa applies specifically to al-Ji'ranah, near Mekkah, where there were two sanctuaries (masjid al-adnai and masjid al-aqsa), and where Muhammad so-journed in dha al-qa'dah of the eighth year after the Hijrah.}}</ref> Eventually, a consensus emerged its identification with the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.<ref name="Colby20082"/><ref>Busse, H. (1968). The sanctity of Jerusalem in Islam. ''Judaism'', ''17''(4), 441. "Tradition varies as to the location of the Ascension; Syrian local tradition was able to prevail, by maintaining that the Ascension started in Jerusalem rather than in Mecca, directly following the Night Journey".</ref> The term Al-Aqsa properly refers to the whole Temple Mount compound (seen as a single mosque).{{efn|According to historian Oleg Grabar, "It is only at a relatively late date that the Muslim holy space in Jerusalem came to be referred to as al-haram al-sharif (literally, the Noble Sacred Precinct or Restricted Enclosure, often translated as the Noble Sanctuary and usually simply referred to as the Haram). While the exact early history of this term is unclear, we know that it only became common in Ottoman times, when administrative order was established over all matters pertaining to the organization of the Muslim faith and the supervision of the holy places, for which the Ottomans took financial and architectural responsibility. Before the Ottomans, the space was usually called ''al-masjid al-aqsa'' (the Farthest Mosque), a term now reserved to the covered congregational space on the Haram, or ''masjid bayt al-maqdis'' (Mosque of the Holy City) or, even, like Mecca's sanctuary, ''al-masjid al-ḥarâm'',"<ref>Grabar 2000, p. 203.</ref>}} The mosque compound should not be confused with the silver-domed congregational mosque or prayer hall facing Mecca, commonly referred to in English as Al-Aqsa Mosque, and also known as Al-Qibli Mosque (see below). |- |Quba Mosque |120x120px |Medina |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0622|622}} |The first mosque built by Muhammad in the 7th century CE, possibly mentioned as the "Mosque founded on piety since the first day"<ref name="Cite quran|9|108|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|9|108|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> in the Quran.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} Largely rebuilt in the late 20th century. |- |The Sacred Monument |center|120px |Muzdalifah |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0|Unknown}} |''Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām''<ref name="Cite quran|2|129|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|2|129|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> a site of the Hajj.<ref name="Long1979">{{cite book |last=Long |first=David E. |title=The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah |chapter=2: The Rites of the Hajj |pages=11–24 |year=1979 |publisher=SUNY Press |quote=With thousands of Hajjis, most of them in motor vehicles, rushing headlong for Muzdalifah, the potential is there for one of ... There is special grace for praying at the roofless mosque in Muzdalifah called al-Mash'ar al-Haram (the Sacred Grove) ... |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC |isbn=978-0-8739-5382-5}}</ref><ref name="Danarto1989">{{cite book |author=Danarto |title=A Javanese pilgrim in Mecca |year=1989 |page=27 |publisher=Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University |quote=It was still dark when we arrived at Muzdalifah, four miles away. The Koran instructs us to spend the night at al-Mash'ar al-Haram. the Sacred Grove at Muzdalifah, as one of the conditions for the hajj . We scrambled out of the bus and looked ... |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/16885565?q&versionId=19820365 |isbn=978-0-8674-6939-4}}</ref><ref name="Jones2005">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Jones |first=Lindsay |title=Encyclopedia of religion |publisher=Macmillan Reference USA |page=7159 |volume=10 |year=2005 |quote=The Qur'an admonishes: "When you hurry from Arafat, remember God at the Sacred Grove (al-mash' ar al-haram)," that is, at Muzdalifah (2:198). Today a mosque marks the place in Muzdalifah where pilgrims gather to perform the special saldt ... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vjQOAQAAMAAJ |isbn=978-0-0286-5743-1}}</ref><ref name="BadawiSardar1978">{{cite book |author1=Sardar, Ziauddin |author2=Zaki Badawi, M.A. |author2-link=Zaki Badawi |title=Hajj Studies |publisher=Croom Helm for Hajj Research Centre. King Abdul Aziz University |location=Jeddah |page=32 |year=1978 |quote=Muzdalifah is an open plain sheltered by parched hills with sparse growth of thorn bushes. The pilgrims spend a night under the open sky of the roofless Mosque, the Sacred Grove, Al Mush'ar al-Haram. On the morning of the tenth, all depart ... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VYAOAAAAQAAJ |isbn=978-0-8566-4681-2|author1-link=Ziauddin Sardar }}</ref> |}

{{Characters and names in the Quran}}

== Africa == {{See also|List of mosques in Africa}}

=== Northeast Africa === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Northeast Africa ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Mosque of the Companions |center|120px |Massawa |Eritrea |{{sort|0620|620s–630s}} | |Believed by some to be the first mosque in Africa and built by the companions of Muhammad in the 7th century.<ref name="Reid2012Massawa">{{cite book |last=Reid |first=Richard J. |title=A History of Modern Africa: 1800 to the Present |publisher=John Wiley and Sons |chapter=The Islamic Frontier in Eastern Africa |page=106 |isbn=978-0470658987 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=US6RQtYwasUC |date=12 January 2012 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |- |Al Nejashi Mosque |center|120px |Negash |Ethiopia |{{sort|0699|7th century}} | |By tradition, the burial site of several followers of Muhammad who, during his lifetime, fled to the Aksumite Kingdom to escape persecution in Mecca.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.omanobserver.om/article/28253/Features/the-untold-story-of-king-negash-and-the-al-nejashi-mosque|title=The untold story of King Negash and the al Nejashi Mosque|date=18 July 2019}}</ref> It was recently{{when?|date=April 2025}} renovated by TIKA, a Turkish cooperation organization.<ref name="madainnegash">{{cite web |title=Negash Āmedīn Mesgīd |url=https://madainproject.com/negash_amedin_mesgid |website=Madain Project |access-date=30 May 2019}}</ref> |- |Mosque of Amr ibn al-As |center|120x120px |Cairo |Egypt |{{sort|0641|641}} | |Named after 'Amr ibn al-'As, commander of the Muslim conquest of Egypt. First mosque in Egypt and claimed to be the first mosque in Africa.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Abu-Lughod |first=Janet L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVmYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13 |title=Cairo: 1001 Years of the City Victorious |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-691-65660-1 |page=13 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Shoup |first=John A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mBjHEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA209 |title=The Nile: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-4408-4041-8 |page=209 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sheehan |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9ZjDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA143 |title=Babylon of Egypt: The Archaeology of Old Cairo and the Origins of the City |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-977-416-731-7 |pages=10, 143 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=O'Kane |first=Bernard |title=The Mosques of Egypt |publisher=American University of Cairo Press |year=2016 |isbn=9789774167324 |page=2 |language=en}}</ref> |- |Mosque of Ibn Tulun |center|120px |Cairo |Egypt |{{sort|0879|879}} | | |- |Al-Azhar Mosque |center|120px |Cairo |Egypt |{{sort|0972|972}} |Sunni | |- |Arba'a Rukun Mosque |center|120px |Mogadishu |Somalia |{{sort|1268|1268/9}} |Sunni | |}

=== Northwest Africa === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Northwest Africa ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Great Mosque of Kairouan (or Uqba ibn Nafi Mosque) |center|120px |Kairouan |Tunisia |{{sort|0670|670}} |Sunni |Alternatively named after Uqba ibn Nafi. Believed to be the first mosque in the Maghreb. The current mosque dates from a total reconstruction starting in 836 under the Aghlabids, with further restorations and additions in later periods.<ref name="bloom blair">{{Cite book |last= |first= |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |volume=2 |location= |language=en |chapter=Kairouan |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref>{{rp|366}} |- |Sidi Okba Mosque |center|120px |Sidi Okba |Algeria |{{sort|0686|686–1025}} | |Mosque and tomb dated between 686 and 1025, starting with the tomb in 686. The mosque was subsequently built around it.<ref name="mu">{{Cite web |last=Lafer |first=Ali |title=Sidi 'Uqba (mosque, minaret and tomb) |url=https://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;dz;Mon01;15;en |access-date=28 March 2024 |website=Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers}}</ref> |- |Al-Zaytuna Mosque |center|120px |Tunis |Tunisia |{{sort|0709|698}} |Sunni |There are some doubts about the exact foundation date: usually attributed to 698 but it could have been a bit later in 734.<ref name=":0522">{{Cite book |last=Chater |first=Khalifa |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition |publisher=Brill |year=2002 |isbn=9789004161214 |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P. |volume=XI |location= |pages=488–490 |language=en |chapter=Zaytūna |editor-last2=Bianquis |editor-first2=Th. |editor-last3=Bosworth |editor-first3=C.E. |editor-last4=van Donzel |editor-first4=E. |editor-last5=Heinrichs |editor-first5=W.P.}}</ref><ref name=":172">{{Cite book |last=Daoulatli |first=Abdelaziz |title=The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa |publisher=Brill |year=2018 |isbn=978-90-04-35566-8 |editor-last=Anderson |editor-first=Glaire D. |page=248 |language=fr |chapter=La Grande Mosquée Zitouna : un authentique monument aghlabide (milieu du IXe siècle) |editor-last2=Fenwick |editor-first2=Corisande |editor-last3=Rosser-Owen |editor-first3=Mariam}}</ref> The current mosque dates from a total reconstruction in 864 under the Aghlabids,<ref name=":17">{{Cite book |last=Lamine |first=Sihem |title=The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa |publisher=Brill |year=2018 |isbn=978-90-04-35566-8 |editor-last=Anderson |editor-first=Glaire D. |pages=269–293 |language=en |chapter=The Zaytuna: The Mosque of a Rebellious City |editor-last2=Fenwick |editor-first2=Corisande |editor-last3=Rosser-Owen |editor-first3=Mariam}}</ref> with further modifications and renovations in later eras.<ref name=":0522" /> |- |Mosque of Agadir |center|148x148px |Tlemcen |Algeria |790 | |Mosque founded in 790 by Idris I at a settlement called Agadir, site of former Roman settlement Pomeria, now within the modern city of Tlemcen. Only its foundations remain today, along with a minaret added in the 13th century by Yaghmurasan.<ref name="EI2">{{Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition|pages=498–499|volume=10|article=Tilimsān|first=Alfred|last=Bel|last2=Yalaoui|first2=M.}}</ref><ref name="bloom" />{{Reference page|page=42}} |- |Bu Ftata Mosque |center|frameless|120x120px |Sousse |Tunisia |{{sort|0841|838–841}} | |Dated by an inscription to the reign of Abu Iqal al-Aghlab ibn Ibrahim (838–841). Minaret added later under the Hafsids.<ref name=bloom>{{Cite book |last=Bloom |first=Jonathan M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IRHbDwAAQBAJ |title=Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800 |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2020 |isbn=9780300218701 |location= |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|33}} |- |Great Mosque of Sfax |center|120px |Sfax |Tunisia |{{sort|0850|849}} | |Exact construction date uncertain, but probably around 849.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|37}} |- |Great Mosque of Sousse |center|120px |Sousse |Tunisia |{{sort|0851|851}} | |<ref name="di">[http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;tn;Mon01;5;en Great Mosque of Sousse.] ''Museum with No Frontiers''. Retrieved 8-1-2017.</ref> |- |Al-Qarawiyyin mosque |center|120x120px |Fez |Morocco |{{sort|0859|859}} | |Some doubts exist about its foundation;<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|42}} with possible alternative of 877 CE, based on an inscription discovered in the 20th century.<ref name=":34">{{Cite journal |last=Benchekroun |first=Chafik T. |date=2011 |title=Les Idrissides: L'histoire contre son histoire |journal=Al-Masaq |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=171–188 |doi=10.1080/09503110.2011.617063 |s2cid=161308864}}</ref><ref name=":05222">{{Cite book |last=Nagy |first=Péter T |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three |publisher=Brill |year=2023 |isbn=9789004161658 |editor-last=Fleet |editor-first=Kate |location= |pages= |language=en |chapter=al-Qarawiyyīn Mosque |editor-last2=Krämer |editor-first2=Gudrun |editor-last3=Matringe |editor-first3=Denis |editor-last4=Nawas |editor-first4=John |editor-last5=Rowson |editor-first5=Everett}}</ref> The present building dates from multiple later expansions and reconstructions, with the oldest elements dating from the 10th century.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|42}} Significantly expanded under the Almoravids between 1135 and 1143.<ref name=":03">{{Cite book |last=Terrasse |first=Henri |title=La Mosquée al-Qaraouiyin à Fès; avec une étude de Gaston Deverdun sur les inscriptions historiques de la mosquée |publisher=Librairie C. Klincksieck |year=1968 |location=Paris |pages=5, 17–24 |language=fr}}</ref> |- |Mosque of the Andalusians |center|120px |Fez |Morocco |{{sort|0859|859}} | |There are doubts about its foundation; and the oldest parts of the present building date from the 10th century.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|42}} It was mostly reconstructed by the Almohads between 1203 and 1207.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book |last1=Terrasse |first1=Henri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oPL-zQEACAAJ |title=La mosquée des Andalous à Fès |publisher=Les Éditions d'art et d'histoire |year=1942 |location=Paris |pages=10–11 |language=fr}}</ref> |- |Al-Naqah Mosque |center|120x120px |Tripoli |Libya |{{sort|0973|973}} | |Oldest Islamic monument in Tripoli,<ref name=":16">{{Cite book |last=Petersen |first=Andrew |url=https://www.archnet.org/collections/126 |title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=1996 |isbn=9781134613663 |location= |pages=165–166 |language=en |chapter=Libiya (Libyan Arab People's Socialist State)}}</ref> though its history is not well-known.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|218–219}} Likely built by the Fatimid caliph al-Mu'izz, though it may be older.<ref name=":16" /> Reconstructed in {{AH|1019}}.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|218–219}} |- |Great Mosque of Tlemcen |center|120px |Tlemcen |Algeria |{{sort|1082|1082}} | |Founded under the Almoravids, decoration completed or redone in 1136 by another Almoravid ruler. Important renovation and additions took place in 1236 under the first Zayyanid ruler.<ref name=":04">{{Cite journal |last=Almagro |first=Antonio |date=2015 |title=The Great Mosque of Tlemcen and the Dome of its Maqsura |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281197636 |journal=Al-Qantara |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=199–257 |doi=10.3989/alqantara.2015.007 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free |hdl=10261/122812}}</ref> |}

=== Southeast Africa === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Southeast Africa (including nearby islands of the Indian Ocean, but barring countries that are also in Southern Africa) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Shanga Mosque | |Shanga, Pate Island |Kenya |{{sort|0830|830}} | |Foundation discovered, with coins attesting dates, during the 1980s excavations. The earliest concrete evidence of Muslims in East Africa.<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999">{{cite book |last1=Westerlund |first1=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1DH9wZky30EC |title=Islam Outside the Arab World |last2=Svanberg |first2=Ingvar |publisher=Psychology Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-7007-1124-6}}</ref>{{rp|97}} |- |Great Mosque of Kilwa |center|120px |Kilwa Kisiwani |Tanzania |{{sort|1100|1000–1100}} | |in ruins |- |Kizimkazi Mosque |center|120px |Dimbani, Zanzibar |Tanzania |{{sort|1107}} | |According to an inscription.<ref name="ArchnetKizimkaziMosque">{{cite web |url=http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=7832 |title=Kizimkazi Mosque |access-date=2010-09-04 |work=ArchNet |publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050219004436/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=7832 |archive-date=2005-02-19 }}</ref> |- |Malindi Mosque |center|120x120px |Stone Town, Zanzibar |Tanzania |{{sort|1499|15th century}} | |some sources claim an origin in the 15th century.<ref name="Briggs2009">{{cite book |last=Briggs |first=Philip |url=https://archive.org/details/tanzaniawithzanz0000brig |title=Tanzania: With Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-84162-288-0 |page=[https://archive.org/details/tanzaniawithzanz0000brig/page/547 547] |url-access=registration |accessdate=4 April 2013}}</ref> |- |Mandhry Mosque | |Mombasa |Kenya |{{sort|1570|1570}} | |it retains its Swahili architecture.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mandhry Mosque, Mombasa |url=https://www.paukwa.or.ke/story-series/history-faith-kenya/mandhry-mosque-mombasa/ |access-date=2025-10-10 |website=Paukwa |language=en-GB}}</ref> |- |Tsingoni Mosque |center|80px |Tsingoni, Mayotte |France |{{sort|1538}} | |<ref name="archeologiemayotte.over-blog.com">{{cite web |language=fr |first1=Martial |last1=Pauly |date=10 February 2011 |access-date=10 June 2017 |url=http://archeologiemayotte.over-blog.com/article-la-mosquee-de-tsingoni-la-plus-ancienne-mosquee-en-activite-de-france-66838631.html |title=La mosquée de Tsingoni, la plus ancienne mosquée en activité de France (Tsingoni Mosque, the oldest active mosque in France) |website=Archeologie Mayotte, Océan Indien}}</ref> |- |Al-Fatah Mosque (Green Mosque) | |Kigali |Rwanda |1913 | |Founded by coastal Swahili-speaking Tanzanian Muslims who came to Rwanda to work in the German administration, of what was then German East Africa.<ref name="google.com2">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g0FC40EQujwC&q=first+mosque+uganda&pg=PA39 |title=Culture and Customs of Rwanda |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9780313331770 |last1=Adekunle |first1=Julius |year=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury }}</ref> |}

=== Southern Africa === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Southern Africa ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Auwal Mosque |center|120px |Cape Colony |South Africa |1798 | |Recognised as the first mosque established in the country, at the time Cape Colony.<ref name="Tayob1999">{{cite book |first=Abdulkader |last=Tayob |title=Islam in South Africa: Mosques, Imams, and Sermons |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MHB8G1c4PLUC&pg=PA24 |date= 1999 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-2485-1 |pages=24–}}</ref> |- |Palm Tree Mosque |center|120x120px |Cape Colony |South Africa |1807 | |Building constructed in {{Start date and age|1788|paren=yes}}. |- |Masjid al-Qudama | |Uitenhage, Eastern Cape |South Africa |1849 | |It has been deduced that the mosque was a completed in March 1849<ref name="Schalk2007">{{cite journal |first=Schalk |last=le Roux |date=June 2007 |title=The First Mosque: Caledon Street, Uitenhage |url=http://www.repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/5330/LeRoux_First(2007).pdf |journal=Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Kultuurgeskiedenis (South African Journal of Cultural History) |volume=21 |issue=1 |page=34| hdl=2263/5330 }}</ref> |- |Grey Street Mosque (Juma Mosque) |center|120px |Durban |South Africa |1881 | |<ref name="SA Venues 1999–2018, JMD">{{citation |work=Sa-venues.com |title=Visit the Juma Masjid Mosque<!-- 'Masjid' is the Arabic word from which 'Mosque' was derived --> |url=https://www.sa-venues.com/things-to-do/kwazulunatal/visit-the-juma-masjid-mosque/ |year=1999–2018 |access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref> |- |Soofie Masjid | |Butha Buthe |Lesotho |1900 | |Founded by Soofie Saheb at the turn of the century; the community is described as African Muslim yet speaking an Indian language.<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999" />{{rp|115}} |- |Habibia Soofie Saheb Jamia Masjid |center|120px |Rylands, Cape Town |South Africa |1905 | | |- |Lobatse Masjid | |Lobatse |Botswana |{{sort|1969|1960s}} | |Founded by Indian Muslims who were brought over during the British colonial period.<ref name="ABC Clio 2000">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ah9BAQAAIAAJ |title=Historical Abstracts: Modern history abstracts, 1450–1914 |last=Boehm |first=Eric H. |year=2000|publisher=American Bibliographical Center, CLIO |page=71 |language=en}}</ref> |- |Ezulwini Mosque | |Ezulwini, near Mbabane |Eswatini |1982 | |<ref>{{cite news|last=Sasongko|first=Agus|date=31 January 2019|title=Muslim Swaziland Mendamba Masjid|trans-title=Swaziland Muslims Longing for Mosque|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/dunia/19/01/31/pm6fmc313-muslim-swaziland-mendamba-masjid|newspaper=Republika|language=id|access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref> |}

=== West Africa === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ West Africa ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Great Mosque of Djenné |center|120x120px |Djenné |Mali |{{sort|1201|13th century}} | | |- |Djinguereber Mosque |center|120x120px |Timbuktu |Mali |{{sort|1327|1327}} | | |- |Larabanga Mosque |center|120px |Larabanga |Ghana |{{sort|1421|1421}} | |The oldest existing mud-brick mosque in Ghana. |- |Great Mosque of Kano |center|120x120px |Kano |Nigeria |{{sort|1499|15th century}} | |Built in for Emir Muhammad Rumfa |- |Agadez Mosque |center|120px |Agadez |Niger |{{sort|1515|1515}} | |Niger's oldest mosque. |- |Grand Mosque, Sokodé |center|120px |Sokodé |Togo |{{sort|1820|1820}} | |<ref name="ABC CLIO 2002">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YYYAAAAIAAJ |title=Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices. S–Z |last1=Melton |first1=John Gordon |last2=Baumann |first2=Martin |year=2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=9781576072233 |page=1285 |language=en}}</ref> |}

== Asia == {{See also|List of mosques in Asia|}}

=== Arabian Peninsula === {| class="wikitable sortable"<!-- Please list in date order. Thanks. --> |+ Arabian Peninsula (including the island-state of Bahrain) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Quba Mosque |center|120x120px |Medina |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0622|622}} | |Considered to be the first mosque built by Prophet Muhammad ,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Çakmak |first=Cenap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c6fOEAAAQBAJ&dq=oldest+mosque+quba&pg=PA1010 |title=Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia [4 volumes] |date=2017-05-18 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-61069-217-5 |pages=1010 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hariri-Rifai |first1=Wahbi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9oMP-MRDkWMC&dq=oldest+mosque+quba&pg=PA159 |title=The Heritage of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |last2=Hariri-Rifai |first2=Mokhless |date=1990 |publisher=GDG Exhibits Trust |isbn=978-0-9624483-0-0 |pages=160 |language=en}}</ref> and the second largest mosque in Medina |- |Al-Masjid al-Nabawi |center|120px |Medina |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0622|622}} | |Second holiest site in Islam (after Al-Haram Mosque) and Muhammad's mosque, which houses his tomb in what was initially his and his wife Aisha's house. Largely rebuilt and greatly enlarged in the late 20th century, whilst retaining at its heart the earlier construction of the Ottomans, and landmark Green Dome atop the prophet's mausoleum. |- |Masjid al-Qiblatain |center|120px |Medina |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0623|623}} | |Mosque originally with two Qiblah walls: One facing Jerusalem, the first Qiblah and another facing Mecca |- | Mazin Bin Ghadoubah Mosque |center|120px |Samail |Oman |{{sort|0627|{{circa|627}}}} | |Founded by Mazin Ben Ghadooba, who is considered to be the first Omani to adopt Islam during Muhammad's lifetime.<ref name="GoogleMasjidMazin">{{cite book|last=Darke|first=Diane|author-link=Diana Darke|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J6QKSXYG5tYC&q=oldest+mosque+oman+sumail&pg=PA189|title=Oman: The Brad Travel Guide|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|year=2010|access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9781841623320}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Kothaneth, Lakshmi |url=https://www.omanobserver.om/article/1135854/oman/community/mazin-bin-ghadouba---the-first-mosque-of-oman |title=Mazin bin Ghadouba Mosque: The first mosque in Oman |work=Oman Observer |date=17 April 2023 |access-date=19 July 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite thesis |author=Atchison-Day, Susan |title=The Expansion of Christianity in the Pre-Islamic Middle East: from Edessa to 'Uman |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/7d9211950b38d8b8eda90774e8bb47c2/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=51922&diss=y |publisher=The University of Arizona |id={{ProQuest|27964957}}|degree=Master of Arts |year=2020 |doi= |pages=110–111 |access-date=19 July 2025 }}</ref> |- |Al-Shawadhna Mosque |120px |Nizwa |Oman |{{sort|0628|{{circa|628–629}}}} | |Original foundation attributed by some to {{AH|7}}. A construction or renovation dated to 1529 CE is recorded by an inscription above the mihrab.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |work=مرصد التراث المعماري والعمراني في البلدان العربية |script-title=ar:مسجد الشواذنة – سلطنة عمان |url=https://auho.alecso.org/2019/12/04/1280/ |date=2019-12-04 |access-date=2024-02-04 |script-website=ar:مرصد التراث المعماري والعمراني في البلدان العربية |trans-website=Observatory of Architectural and Urban Heritage in Arab Countries |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Costa |first=Paolo |url=http://archive.org/details/historicmosquess0000cost |title=Historic mosques and shrines of Oman |publisher=Archaeopress |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-84171-230-7 |location=Oxford, England |page=53 |language=en}}</ref> |- |Jawatha Mosque |center|120px |Al-Ahsa |Saudi Arabia |{{sort|0639|{{circa|629–639}}}} | |Has recently{{when?|date=April 2025}} been renovated{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} and prayers are still held in this mosque.<ref name="SAW1991">{{citation |last=John |first=Lawton |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199106/the.arab.heartland.htm |title=The Arab Heartland |publisher=Saudi Aramco World |year=1991 |volume=42 |issue=6 |access-date=2019-01-20 |archive-date=2012-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004043745/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199106/the.arab.heartland.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="JafariyaNews 08-2005">{{citation |author=Abdul-Ali |url=http://www.jafariyanews.com/2k5_news/aug/24jawatha_mosque.htm |title=Jawatha Mosque in danger of going down |publisher=Jafariya News |location=Al-Ahsa |date=August 24, 2005}}</ref><ref name="Wa-al-Matāḥif Wood 1975">{{cite book |location=Saudi Arabia |author1=wa-al-Matāḥif, Idārat al-Āthār |author2=Wood, Roger |title=An introduction to Saudi Arabian antiquities |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5d4JAQAAIAAJ&q=jawatha |access-date=18 October 2010 |year=1975 |publisher=Department of Antiquities and Museums, Ministry of Education, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |page=151}}</ref> |- |Khamis Mosque |center|120px |Khamis, Manama |Bahrain |{{sort|0692|{{circa|692}}}} | |Though most of the structure is dated to the 11th or 12th century,<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcebK67IRhkC&q=%22suq+al-Khamis+mosque%22+founded&pg=PA31|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture|access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9780203203873|last1=Petersen|first1=Andrew|date=2002-03-11|publisher=Taylor & Francis }}</ref> it is popularly believed to have been founded by the Caliph Omar in the 600s.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkssAQAAIAAJ |title=Middle East on a Shoestring |year=1997|publisher=Lonely Planet Publications |isbn=9780864424075 |page=131 |language=en}}</ref> |- |Great Mosque of Sana'a |center|120px |Sana'a |Yemen |{{sort|0699|7th century}} | |Possibly the oldest mosque in the country |- |Al-Janad Mosque |center|120x120px |Taiz |Yemen |{{sort|0699|7th century}} | | |- |Al-Hadi Mosque |center|120px |Sa'dah |Yemen |{{sort|0897|897}} | | |- |Al Badiyah Mosque |center|80px |Fujairah |United Arab Emirates |{{sort|1409|1400s}} | |Some much earlier estimates have been proposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/oldest-uae-mosque-holds-onto-its-secrets-1.469565/ |title=Oldest UAE mosque holds onto its secrets |author=Harnan, Eugene |date=21 August 2011 }}</ref> |}

=== Levant === {{see also|List of mosques in Cyprus}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Levant (including Cyprus and the region of Syria) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|Built<br/>{{small|(CE)}} ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- | {{nowrap|Al-Omari Grand Mosque}} ||center|120px |Beirut |Lebanon | {{sort|0635|635}} |Sunni |The mihrab is the oldest part of the mosque, dating back to the Caliphate of Umar. |- |Al-Qibli Mosque<br/>(''al-Jami' al-Aqsa'') |center|120x120px |Jerusalem (old city) |Administered by Israel, claimed by both Israel and Palestine |{{sort|0637|637}} | |A Muslim prayer hall with a silver-colored lead dome located in the southern part of Al-Aqsa (Temple Mount), built by the Rashidun caliph Umar ibn Al-Khattab. |- |Ibrahimi Mosque |center|120px |Hebron |Palestine |{{sort|0637|637}} | |<ref name="Sylvia1983">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ws4uAQAAIAAJ|title=This is Israel: pictorial guide & souvenir|first=Sylvia|last=Mann|year= 1983|publisher=Palphot Ltd.|isbn=9789652800008|via=Google Books}}</ref> |- |Umayyad Mosque (Great Mosque of Damascus) |center|120x120px |Damascus |Syria |{{sort|0715|715}} |Sunni |It is considered to be the oldest mosque still in use in its original form.<ref name=":122">{{Cite book |last=Kuban |first=Doğan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TKu6nsFvaYC&dq=al+walid+introduced+the+mihrab&pg=PA15 |title=The Mosque and Its Early Development |date=1974 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-03813-4 |language=en}}</ref> It was originally built after the Muslim conquest of the city in 634. The current structure dates to 715. |- | Great Mosque of Aleppo |center|120px |Aleppo |Syria |{{sort|0715|715}} | | The mosque was modified and completely rebuilt in later periods.<ref name=":052222">{{Cite book |last=Tabbaa |first=Yasser |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three |publisher=Brill |year=2011 |isbn=9789004161658 |editor-last=Fleet |editor-first=Kate |location= |pages= |language=en |chapter=Aleppo, architecture |quote=The Great Mosque, founded by the Umayyad caliph al-Walīd I (r. 86–96/705–15) and probably completed by Sulaymān (r. 96–9/715–7), on the grounds of the Byzantine cathedral, stands at the heart of Aleppo. Unlike the Great Mosque of Damascus, the Great Mosque of Aleppo shows little of its original Umayyad form, which does not seem to have left any visible remains beyond its spacious hypostyle layout, since it burnt down and was totally rebuilt in the sixth/twelfth century and later. |editor-last2=Krämer |editor-first2=Gudrun |editor-last3=Matringe |editor-first3=Denis |editor-last4=Nawas |editor-first4=John |editor-last5=Rowson |editor-first5=Everett}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Burns |first=Ross |title=The Monuments of Syria: A Guide |publisher=I.B. Tauris |year=2009 |isbn=9781845119478 |pages=40 |language=en |orig-year=1992}}</ref><ref name=":2432">{{Cite book |last= |first= |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |volume=1 |location= |pages=62–78 |language=en |chapter=Architecture (III. 661–c. 750) |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=PA74}}</ref> The mosque and its minaret were partially destroyed in April 2013, during the Syrian Civil War<ref>{{cite web |url=https://syriansforheritage.org/?p=6444 |title=Report on the Condition of the Antiquities and Historical Sites in Aleppo After Liberation |work=Syrians for Heritage |date=18 December 2024 |access-date=23 August 2025 }}</ref> |- |Great Omari Mosque (Great Mosque of Gaza) |center|120px |Gaza |Palestine |{{sort|700|7th century}} | |Original structure from the 7th century, renovated later |- |White Mosque |center|120px |Ramla |Israel | {{sort|0720|720}} | | |- |Al-Omari Mosque |center|120px |Bosra |Syria |{{sort|0721|721}} | | |- | ''Great Mosque of Raqqa'' | |Raqqa |Syria |{{sort|0772|772}} | | In partial ruins since {{circa|2010s}} |- |Arab Ahmet Mosque |center|120px |Arab Ahmet, Nicosia |Cyprus |{{sort|1599|Late 16th century}} | | Named in honour of a 1571 Ottoman army commander<ref name="whatson-northcyprus1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.whatson-northcyprus.com/interest/nicosia/north_nicosia/arabahmet_mosque.htm|title=The Arabahmet Mosque, Nicosia, North Cyprus|website=www.whatson-northcyprus.com}}</ref><ref name="Cyprus44">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cyprus44.com/nicosia/arabahmet-mosque.asp|title=Arabahmet (Arap Ahmet) Mosque in North Nicosia – Cyprus44, the north cyprus guide|website=www.cyprus44.com}}</ref> |}

=== West Asia === {{see also|List of mosques in Iran|List of mosques in Turkey}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ West Asia (excluding the Arabian peninsula, Caucasus, and Levant) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Imam Ali Mosque (Old Mosque of Basra) |120x120px |Basra |Iraq |{{sort|0635|635}} | |rebuilt in 665.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Kuban |first=Doğan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TKu6nsFvaYC&dq=Great+Mosque+of+Kufa+established&pg=PA12 |title=The Mosque and Its Early Development |date=1974 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-03813-4 |language=en}}</ref> |- |Great Mosque of Kufa |center|120px |Kufa |Iraq |{{sort|0639|639}} |Shia |rebuilt in 670.<ref name=":5" /> The mosque contains the remains of Muslim ibn Aqeel – first cousin of Husayn ibn Ali, his companion Hani ibn Urwa, and the revolutionary Mukhtar al-Thaqafi. |- |Maqam al-Imam al-Husayn Mosque |center|120px |Karbala |Iraq |{{sort|0680|680}} |Shia |Reconstructed several times, including in 1016. |- |Jameh Mosque of Isfahan |center|120px |Isfahan |Iran |{{sort|0771|771}} | |First mosque on the site was built circa 771, during the reign of the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur. It was then replaced by a larger one in 840–841 during the reign of al-Mu'tasim. It underwent many changes and additions after this, most notably under the Seljuks in the late 11th and early 12th centuries.<ref name=":243">{{Cite book |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor1=Bloom, Jonathan M. |pages= |chapter=Isfahan |editor2=Blair, Sheila S.}}</ref> |- |Jameh Mosque of Fahraj |center|120px |Fahraj |Iran |{{sort|0700|700s}} | |<ref name="ArchnetIran">[https://archnet.org/sites/3855/media_contents/916 Friday Mosque] Archnet. 8-1-2017.</ref> |- |Great Mosque of Samarra |center|120x120px |Samarra |Iraq |{{sort|0848|848}} | | |- |Abu Dulaf Mosque |center|120x120px |Samarra |Iraq |{{sort|0859|859}} | | |- |Tarikhaneh Mosque |center|120px |Damghan |Iran |{{sort|08|9th century}} | |The oldest mosque in Iran to preserve much of its original form. Exact date of construction is unclear, but attributed to 9th century based on its style.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pope |first=Arthur Upham |author-link=Arthur Upham Pope |title=Persian Architecture |date=1965 |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location=United States of America |publication-date=1965 |pages=78–80, 89, 100 |language=English}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite book |last1=Blair |first1=Sheila |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=huOBwihhwyQC |title=Islam: Art and Architecture |last2=Bloom |first2=Jonathan |publisher=h.f.ullmann |year=2011 |isbn=9783848003808 |editor-last=Hattstein |editor-first=Markus |location= |page=110 |language=en |chapter=Iraq, Iran and Egypt: the Abbasids (Architecture) |editor-last2=Delius |editor-first2=Peter}}</ref> |- |Al-Khulafa Mosque |center|120px |Baghdad |Iraq |908 | |The mosque was rebuilt and restored in the 1960s by the Ministry of Awqaf in its current shape |- |Al-Askari Mosque |center|120px |Samarra |Iraq |{{sort|0944|944}} |Shia (Twelver) |Shrine of the 10th and 11th Twelver Shi'ite Imams: Ali al-Hadi and Hasan al-Askari. |- |Imam Ali Mosque |center|120px |Najaf |Iraq |{{sort|0977|977}} |Shia, Sunni |Houses the tomb of Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muhammad's cousin and fourth Caliph, and the first person of the Shia Imamate. |- |Great Mosque of Diyarbakır |center|120px |Diyarbakır |Turkey |1092 |Sunni |One of the oldest known mosques in modern Turkey, possibly the oldest,<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Huebner |first=Jeff W. |title=International Dictionary of Historic Places: Southern Europe |publisher=Fitzroy & Dearborn Publishers |year=1995 |isbn=978-1-884964-02-2 |editor-last=Ring |editor-first=Trudy |pages=190–193 |language=en |chapter=Diyarbakır (Diyarbakır, Turkey) |editor-last2=Salkin |editor-first2=Robert M. |editor-last3=La Boda |editor-first3=Sharon |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=74JI2UlcU8AC&dq=diyarbakir+walls&pg=PA190}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last1=Sözen |first1=Metin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k9efAAAAMAAJ |title=The Evolution of Turkish Art and Architecture |last2=Akşit |first2=İlhan |date=1987 |publisher=Haşet Kitabevi |page=34 |language=en}}</ref> but its early history is not well-understood.<ref name=":15">{{Cite book |last=Gierlichs |first=Joachim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=huOBwihhwyQC |title=Islam: Art and Architecture |publisher=h.f.ullmann |year=2011 |isbn=9783848003808 |editor-last=Hattstein |editor-first=Markus |location= |page=380 |language=en |chapter=Central Asia and Asia Minor: The Great Seljuks, the Anatolian Seljuks, and the Khwarazm-Shahs (Architecture) |editor-last2=Delius |editor-first2=Peter}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Andersen |first=Angela |title=Art and Material Culture in the Byzantine and Islamic Worlds: Studies in Honour of Erica Cruikshank Dodd |publisher=Brill |year=2021 |isbn=978-90-04-45714-0 |editor-last=Baboula |editor-first=Evanthia |pages=175–199 |language=en |chapter=The Tale of the Shared Church in Diyarbakir: Narrative Traditions of the Co-use of Places of Prayer by Muslims and Christians |editor-last2=Jessop |editor-first2=Lesley |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xsAqEAAAQBAJ&dq=diyarbakir+mosque+church&pg=PA193}}</ref> A mosque was founded in the area after the city's Muslim conquest in 639.<ref name=":2423">{{Cite book |last= |first= |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |volume=2 |location= |pages=17–18 |language=en |chapter=Diyarbakır |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref><ref name=":15" /> The current building dates from thee Seljuk-era, dated by inscription to 1091–2 and further works continuing in the 12th century.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":22">{{Cite book |last=Sinclair |first=Thomas Alan |title=Eastern Turkey: an architectural and archaeological survey |publisher=The Pindar Press |year=1989 |isbn=0907132340 |volume=III |pages=176–180 |language=en |chapter=Diyarbakır |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5CMnEAAAQBAJ&dq=Hasan+Han+diyarbakir&pg=PA190}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> |- |Yivliminare Mosque (Alaeddin Mosque) |center|120px |Antalya |Turkey |1230 | | |- |Aslanhane Mosque |center|120px |Ankara |Turkey |1290 | | |}

=== Transcaucasia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Transcaucasia (excluding the Russian North Caucasus) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Juma Mosque |center|120px |Shamakhi |Azerbaijan |{{sort|0734|743-744}} | |Built in 743–744, set on fire by Armenian units of "Dashnaktsutiun" in 1918, reconstructed in 2009. |- |Blue Mosque |center|120px |Yerevan |Armenia |{{sort|1760|Mid-18th century}} | | |}

=== Central Asia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Central Asia ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Po-i-Kalyan |center|120px |Bukhara |Uzbekistan |{{sort|0713|713}} | |Since 713 here, several edifices of main cathedral mosque were built then razed, restored after fires and wars, and moved from place to place. |}

=== China and Taiwan === {{see also|List of mosques in China|List of mosques in Taiwan}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Greater China ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Huaisheng Mosque |center|120px |Guangzhou |China |{{sort|0627|627}} | |Originally built by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, who was an uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and was named in memory of Muhammad. Rebuilt many times since. |- |Xianxian Mosque |center|120px |Guangzhou City |China |{{sort|0629|629}} | |The mosque was originally built in 629 during the Tang dynasty. |- |Great Mosque of Xi'an |center|120px |Xi'an, Shaanxi |China |{{sort|0742|742}} | |Although the oldest stones date from the 18th century,<ref>{{cite book |url= |title=Fodor's China |editor=Kelly, Margaret |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=MMfhiLqbuxEC&dq=mosque+xian+742&pg=PA618 618] |year= |access-date= }}</ref> the mosque was founded in 742.<ref>{{cite book |url= |title=China |author=Jiang, Shelley |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=gjGxeyWC1S4C&dq=mosque+xian+742&pg=PA274 274] |year= |access-date= }}</ref><ref name=Pletcher>{{cite book |title=Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places |publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-P_u2AIzbEC&dq=mosque+xian+742&pg=PA181 181–182] |author=Pletcher, Kenneth |year=2010 |access-date= |isbn=9781615301829}}</ref> |- |Niujie Mosque |center|120px |Beijing |China |996 | | |- |Qingjing Mosque |center|120px |Quanzhou, Fujian |China |1009 | | |- |Jinan Great Southern Mosque |center|120px |Jinan, Shandong |China |1295 | | |- |Id Kah Mosque |center|120px |Kashgar, Xinjiang |China |1442 | | |- |Jamia Mosque |120px |Hong Kong |China |1890 | |Then British Hong Kong |- |Taipei Grand Mosque |120px |Taipei |Taiwan |1947 | |Oldest and most famous mosque in Taiwan. Original building was firstly used in 1947, then relocated to a new site where it was reconstructed in 1960. |- |Kaohsiung Mosque |120px |Taipei |Taiwan |1949 | |The second oldest mosque in Taiwan. The original building was built in 1949, then moved to a new location where the second building was built in 1951, and the third and final building built in 1992. |- |Macau Mosque |120px |Macau |China |1980 | |The first and only mosque in Macau, then Portuguese Macau. |}

=== South Asia === {{see also|List of mosques in India|List of mosques in Bangladesh|List of mosques in Pakistan}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ South Asia ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Barwada mosque | |Ghogha, Gujarat |India |{{sort|0623|Before 623}} | |Built by Arab traders, the qibla is faced to Bait al Mukaddas (Jerusalem). The mosque was abandoned by devotees after the qibla was changed in 623 CE to Makkah and another mosque constructed at the same time.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Oldest-Indian-mosque-Trail-leads-to-Gujarat/articleshow/55270285.cms|title=Oldest Indian mosque: Trail leads to Gujarat|date=November 5, 2016|work=The Times of India|access-date=July 28, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/indias-oldest-mosque-and-growing-irrelevance-of-muslim-vote-in-gujarat/articleshow/61985802.cms|title=India's oldest mosque and growing irrelevance of Muslim vote in Gujarat|website=The Times of India|date=8 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gujaratexpert.com/blog/muslim-religious-places-in-gujarat/|title=Top 11 Famous Muslim Religious Places in Gujarat|last=Sharma|first=Indu|date=2018-03-22|website=Gujarat Travel Blog|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Desai, Prof. Mehboob |title=Rahe Roshan: Masjit during the time of Prophet Nabi Muhammed Sale Allahu Alayhi Wasalam |work=Divy Bhasakar, Gujarati News Paper |date=<!-- 24 May YYYY --> |page=4 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Kumar |title=Gujarati Magazine |location=Ahmadabad |date=July 2012 |page=444 }}</ref> |- |Cheraman Juma Masjid |center|120x120px |Kodungallur |India |{{sort|0629|629}} | |As per legend, it was built by Malik bin Dinar, companion of Muhammad, on orders of Cheraman Perumal,<ref>{{cite news |title=1400-year-old mosque to be restored to its original form |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/1400yearold-mosque-to-be-restored-to-its-original-form/article2142818.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |access-date=September 7, 2015}}</ref> then King of modern-day Kerala, it is one of the oldest mosques in India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iosworld.org/interview_cheramul.htm|title=Interview|website=iosworld.org|access-date=2018-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004005641/http://www.iosworld.org/interview_cheramul.htm|archive-date=2018-10-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |Palaiya Jumma Palli |center|120px |Kilakarai |India |{{sort|0630|630}} |Sunni |Considered to be the first mosque to be built in Tamil Nadu, and the second mosque in India. Constructed by Yemeni merchants and trade settlers in the Pandiya Kingdom and ordered by Bazan ibn Sasan, Governor of Yemen at the time of Muhammad.<ref name="GibbBeckingham1994">Gibb & Beckingham 1994, pp.&nbsp;814–815 Vol. 4.</ref> |- |Masjid Zeenath Baksh | |Mangalore |India |642 | |Masjid Zeenath Baksh, and also known as Beliye Palli, is the third oldest mosque in India and the oldest in the state of Karnataka, constructed in 22 AH (642/643 CE). The mosque is located in the Bunder area in the city of Mangalore and is known for its pure Indian style, reminiscent of Dravidian architecture. The mosque was established by the family of sahabah of Muhammad, and is of exceptional importance to Muslims in the region. |- |Jame' As-Sahaba |center|120px |Lalmonirhat, Rangpur |{{flagcountry|Bangladesh}} |{{sort|0688|688}} | |The oldest mosque in Bangladesh, located in the Lalmonirhat District.<ref>{{cite news |title=Companion Abu Waqqas built the 'Lost Mosque' of Lalmonirhat |url=https://www.bssnews.net/bangla/national/159776 |access-date=15 February 2025 |agency=Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha |date=3 November 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 March 2024 |title=Most Oldest Mosques in Bangladesh |work=10 teacher |url=https://10teacher.com/most-oldest-mosques-in-bangladesh/ |access-date= }}</ref> In 69 Hijri, the mosque was built by the Companion Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 March 2013 |title= Ruins of a Lost Mosque |work=The Daily Star |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/ruins-of-a-lost-mosque-2 |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=12 March 2024 |title= সাহাবি আবু ওয়াক্কাস গড়েছিলেন লালমনিরহাটের 'হারানো মসজিদ' |work=Somoy TV |url=https://www.somoynews.tv/news/2024-03-12/3Y6PSuEx |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=18 August 2012 |title=Remains of ancient mosque found in Bangladesh |work=Al Jazeera English |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7zy_hTIyNA |access-date= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=28 February 2020 |title=লালমনিরহাটে তেরশত ত্রিশ বছরের পুরোনো সাহাবা মসজিদ |work=Janakantha |url=https://www.dailyjanakantha.com/bangladesh/news/483500 |access-date= }}</ref> |- |Masjid Al-Abrar | |Beruwala, Kalutara District, Western Province |Sri Lanka |{{sort|0718|1st century AH}} | |The date has been carved in its stone pillars. It is situated in western province of Sri Lanka. |- |Haji Piyada |center|120px |Balkh |Afghanistan |{{sort|899|794 or 9th century}} | |The oldest identifiable Islamic building in Afghanistan.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Petersen |first=Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eIaEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-134-61366-3 |page=3 |language=en}}</ref> Construction dated to either the 9th century<ref name=":24">{{Cite book |last= |first= |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=PA258 |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |volume=1 |location= |page=258 |language=en |chapter=Balkh |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref> or to 794.<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Adle |first=Chahryar |date=2011 |title=La mosquée Hâji-Piyâdah / Noh-Gonbadân à Balkh (Afghanistan). Un chef d'oeuvre de Fazl le Barmacide construit en 178–179/794–795 ? |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_2011_num_155_1_93171 |journal=Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres |volume=155 |issue=1 |pages=565–625 |doi=10.3406/crai.2011.93171}}</ref> |- |Jamia Masjid, Banbhore |center|120px |Banbhore, Sindh |Pakistan |{{sort|0727|727}} | |This is the oldest mosque of Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mosque of Bhambore |url=http://www.discover-pakistan.com/bhambore.html |website=discover-pakistan.com |access-date=17 September 2018 |archive-date=20 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020141451/http://www.discover-pakistan.com/bhambore.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Also believed to be the first mosque in South Asia.<ref>{{cite news |title=First Mosque of South Asia |url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2010/12/30/first-mosque-in-south-asia-lies-in-ruins/ |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=Pakistan Today}}</ref> Built after the conquest of Sindh. |- |Great Mosque |120px |Budaun, Uttar Pradesh |India |1223 | |Built by Iltutmish, the 3rd Sultan of Delhi and the Mamluk dynasty |- |Kazimar Big Mosque |center|120px |Madurai |India |1284 |Sunni, Hanafi, Shadhili |First mosque in Madurai. |- |Chaqchan Mosque |center|120px |Khaplu, Gilgit Baltistan |Pakistan |1370 | |This is the oldest mosque of Gilgit Baltistan located in Khaplu.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chaqchan Mosque, Khaplu, Gilgit Baltistan |url=http://archinsights.tumblr.com/post/161433242317/chaqchan-masjid-khaplu-masjid-chaqchan-means-the |website=achinsights.tumblr.com |access-date=17 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Chaqchan Mosque – Pakistan |url=http://blogs.dunyanews.tv/11753/two-oldest-mosques-subcontinent-skardu |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=Dunya News}}</ref> |- |Sixty Dome Mosque |center|120px |Bagerhat |Bangladesh |1450 | |Built by Khan Jahan Ali, it is considered to be the second-oldest mosque in Bangladesh. The fortified structure contains eighty-one domes, sixty stone pillars and eleven mihrabs. |- |Neevin Mosque |center|120px |Lahore |Pakistan |1460 | | |}

=== Southeast Asia === {{see also|List of mosques in Indonesia|List of mosques in Malaysia|List of mosques in the Philippines|List of mosques in Singapore|List of mosques in Thailand}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Southeast Asia ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Sheik Karimal Makdum Mosque |center|120px |Tubig Indangan, Simunul island, Bangsamoro |Philippines |1380 | |Founded by Makhdum Karim, who introduced Islam to the Philippines.<ref name="KoligAngeles2010">{{cite book |author1=Erich Kolig |author2=Vivienne S.M. Angeles |author3=Sam Wong |title=Identity in Crossroad Civilisations: Ethnicity, Nationalism and Globalism in Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N_Jkjk2Tec4C&pg=PA201 |year= 2010 |access-date=5 July 2012 |publisher=Amsterdam University Press |isbn=978-90-8964-127-4 |pages=201–}}</ref> This is the oldest mosque in Southesast Asia. |- |Wapauwe Old Mosque |center|120x120px |Kaitetu, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku |Indonesia |1414 | |The oldest surviving mosque in Indonesia. |- |Ampel Mosque |center|120x120px |Ampel, Surabaya, East Java |Indonesia |1421 | |The oldest surviving mosque in Java, and second oldest in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I52jB28QKokC&q=ampel+mosque&pg=PA167 |title=Let's Go Southeast Asia |author= |edition=9th ill.|publisher=Macmillan |year=2004 |isbn=978-03123-35670 |page=167 }}</ref> |- |Masjid Sultan Sharif Ali | |Brunei |Brunei |{{sort|1430|1430 (approximate)}} | |Built under the direction of Sharif Ali ("Sultan Berkat"), who reigned 1425–1432.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741048872 |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741048872/page/580 580] |quote=first mosque singapore. |title=Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei |publisher=Lonely Planet |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9781741048872 |last1=Richmond |first1=Simon |year=2010 }}</ref> |- |Kampung Laut Mosque |center|120px |Tumpat, Kota Bharu, Kelantan |Malaysia |{{sort|1499|15th century}} | |The oldest surviving mosque in Malaysia |- |Great Mosque of Demak |center|120px |Demak, Central Java |Indonesia |15th century | |Oldest mosque in Central Java and second oldest in Java.<ref name="FloridaDUP1995">{{cite book |last=Florida |first=Nancy K. |title=Babad Jaka Tingkir: Writing the past, inscribing the future: history as prophesy in colonial Java |location=Durham, N.C. |publisher=Duke University Press |year=1995 |chapter=5: The Demak Mosque: A Construction of Authority |isbn=978-0-8223-1622-0}}</ref> |- |Talo Mano Mosque |center|120px |Narathiwat |Thailand |{{sort|1699|17th century}} | |It is at least one of the oldest known mosques in Thailand.<ref name="culture.go.th">{{cite web |title=300 Years Mosque |url=http://www.culture.go.th/culturemap/index.php?action=listdistrict&pid=94&did=94120&pnum=1 |access-date=2018-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129024551/http://www.culture.go.th/culturemap/index.php?action=listdistrict&pid=94&did=94120&pnum=1 |archive-date=2014-11-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |Masjid Omar Kampong Melaka |center|120px |Central Area |Singapore |1820 | |Originally a wooden structure built by Arab merchant Syed Omar Ali Aljunied.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Islamic Voluntary Sector in Southeast Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&q=%22Masjid+Omar+Kampong+Melaka%22&pg=PA207 |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn= 9789813016071|last1= Ariff|first1= Mohamed|year= 1991| publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies }}</ref> |}

=== East Asia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ East Asia (excluding Greater China) ! style="width:15%" |Building ! class="unsortable" style="width:15%" ; |Image ! style="width:10%" |Location ! style="width:15%" |Country ! style="width:10%" |First built ! style="width:10%" |Tradition ! class="unsortable" style="width:25%" ; |Notes |- |Kobe Mosque |center|120px |Kobe |Japan |1935 | |Designed in the Turkish style by a Czech architect, confiscated by the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1943, and later returned.<ref name="Farah2003">{{cite book |last=Farah |first=Caesar E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sAlDjVO7SowC&pg=PA291 |title=Islam: Beliefs and Observances |publisher=Barron's Educational Series |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-7641-2226-2 |pages=291– |access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref> |- |Seoul Central Mosque |center|120px |Seoul |South Korea |1976 | |<ref name="Kim2008">{{cite book |author=Kim, Heon Choul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wP1Nz5Y8-voC&pg=PA1 |title=The Nature and Role of Sufism in Contemporary Islam: A Case Study of the Life, Thought and Teachings of Fethullah Gulen |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-549-70579-6 |pages=1– |access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref> |}

== Europe == {{see also|List of mosques in Europe}} === Central and Eastern Europe === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Central Europe and Eastern Europe (excluding the Caucasus, European Russia and Nordic countries) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|Built<br />{{small|(CE)}} ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- <!-- Sort in date order, please. Thanks. --> | Al-Agha Mosque | center|120px | Dragash | Kosovo | 1268 | | Built by Muslims who migrated from Aleppo, in Syria, to Kosovo.<ref name="Dituria2007">{{cite journal |last=Sharr |first=KBI |title=Këshilli me xhaminë më të vjetër në rajon |journal=Dituria Islame, Revistë Mujore, Fetare, Kulturore e Shkencore |date=March 2007 |volume=200 |issue=xhamitë nëpër këshillat e Kosovës |page=50 |lang= }}</ref> |- | Dzhumaya Mosque | center|120px | Plovdiv | Bulgaria | {{sort|1364|1363–1364}} | | Built during the reign of Sultan Murad II the old building was demolished and replaced by the modern-day mosque. |- | Sailors' Mosque | center|120px | Ulcinj | Montenegro | {{sort|1399|14th century}} | | |- | {{nowrap|Halit Efendi Mosque}} | | Slupčane, Lipkovo Municipality | North Macedonia | 1415 | |Considered the oldest mosque in North Macedonia. However, as a result of the various renovation works, the building has been altered to such an extent that it is no longer in its original state.<ref name="Slupcan">{{Cite web |url=http://cdnh.ii.edu.mk/ostanati2007/dzamiite_kumanovsko/dzamiitekumanovsko/links/Slupcan.html |title=Џамијата на Бедр |lang=mk |access-date=2018-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305092747/http://cdnh.ii.edu.mk/ostanati2007/dzamiite_kumanovsko/dzamiitekumanovsko/links/Slupcan.html |archive-date=2016-03-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | Turhan Emin-Beg Mosque | | Ustikolina | Bosnia and Herzegovina | {{sort|1449|1448–1449}} | |Built by Turhan Emin-beg. Known to have been destroyed two times (1941 and 1992) and rebuilt two times (1956 and 2007).<ref name="Ustikolina2007">{{cite web |work=Ustikolina |url=http://ustikolina.blogger.ba/arhiva/2007/08/26/1102020 |title=Najstarija dzamija u BiH – ..::Ustikolina::.. |date=26 August 2007 |access-date=15 March 2015 |archive-date=23 October 2017 |lang= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023135223/http://ustikolina.blogger.ba/arhiva/2007/08/26/1102020 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | Fatih Mosque | 120px | Elbasan Castle | Albania |1466 | | Built by the orders of Sultan Mehmed II.<ref name="Orientalizmi">{{cite web |url=http://orientalizmi.wordpress.com/2011/12/14/xhamia-e-pare-ne-shqiperi-1466/ |title=Xhamia e parë në Shqipëri (1466) |work=Orientalizmi Shqiptar |lang= |date=14 December 2011 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |- | Old Mosque, Plav (Imperial Mosque) | center|120px | Plav | Montenegro | 1471 | | Built during the Ottoman rule in the city.<ref name="Gusinje2014">{{cite web |url=http://www.gusinje.net/files/zidd.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112160200/http://www.gusinje.net/files/zidd.pdf |lang= |archive-date=2014-01-12 }}</ref> |- | {{nowrap|Iljaz Mirahori Mosque}} | center|120px | Korçë | Albania | 1494 | |It was built by Iljaz Hoxha, also known as Iljaz Bey Mirahor,<ref name="AlbaniaExplorer2011">{{Cite web |url=http://www.albaniaexplorer.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=78 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903153644/http://www.albaniaexplorer.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=78|url-status=dead|title=Albania Explorer|archivedate=September 3, 2011 |website=www.albaniaexplorer.com}}</ref> and is a Cultural Monument of Albania.<ref name="ROANCFC">{{cite web |url=http://kshk.gov.al/index.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj2&kid=19 |title=Religious buildings with the 'Culture Monument' status |publisher=Republic of Albania National Committee for Culture |access-date=October 28, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706071224/http://kshk.gov.al/index.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj2&kid=19 |archive-date=July 6, 2011 }}</ref> |- | King Mosque<br/>{{small|(also known as the Sultan Bayazit Mosque)}} | center|120px | Elbasan | Albania | 1502 | | Established in 1492; the exact year of completed is not certain.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.petitfute.co.uk/v53881-elbasan/c1173-visites-points-d-interet/c925-edifice-religieux/c928-mosquee/661205-mosquee-du-roi.html |title=KING'S MOSQUE |work=petitfute.co.uk |date=n.d. |access-date=31 August 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Bela, B. |editor1=Murtezani, S. |editor2=Abdula, S. |date=June 7, 2025 |title=Observation on Ottoman Religious Heritage Legacy in Elbasan City, Than and Now. |journal=1st International Balkan Studies Congress Proceedings |volume=2 |pages=171–190 |publisher=Idefe Publications |url=https://doi.org/10.5331/ |access-date=31 August 2025 }}</ref> A Cultural Monument of Albania. |- |Mosque of Kuklibeu |center|120px |Prizren |Kosovo |1534 | | |- |Mosque of Muderis Ali Efendi |center|120px |Prizren |Kosovo |{{sort|1581|1543–1581}} | | |- |Esmahan Sultan Mosque |center|120px |Mangalia |Romania |1575 | |Oldest mosque in Romania |- | | | |Poland |1558 | |Tatar mosques in Poland were noted in a 1558 treatise ''Risale-i Tatar-i Lech''.<ref name="Zakład1991">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UM5ZAAAAIAAJ |title=Polish Art Studies |date=1991-01-01 |publisher=Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich |page=40 |language=en}}</ref> |- | | | |Lithuania |{{sort|1599|16th century}} | |Various records indicate Lithuanian Tatars built mosques in then the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the 16th century<ref name="google.com">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dCAU6Bz5QIEC&q=first+mosque+poland&pg=PA183 |title=Muslims in Poland and Eastern Europe |isbn=9788390322957 |access-date=15 March 2015|last1=Górak-Sosnowska |first1=Katarzyna |year=2011 |publisher=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska }}</ref> |- |Mosque of Sinan Pasha |center|120px |Prizren |Kosovo |1615 | | |- |Log pod Mangartom Mosque |center|120px |Log pod Mangartom, Municipality of Bovec |Slovenia |1916 | |Built by Bosniak members of the Austro-Hungarian army, in what was then Austria-Hungary.<ref name="Mladina2002">{{cite web |title=Minaret nad Alpami |publisher=Mladina |last=Žerdin |first=Ali H. |url=http://www.mladina.si/92396/minaret/ |date=20 August 2002 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |- |Gunja Mosque |center|120px |Gunja |Croatia |1969 | |The first and one of the few mosques in Croatia, located near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. |- |Vienna Islamic Centre–Mosque |center|120px |Vienna |Austria |1979 | |<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x3gvJiiCCB8C&q=first+mosque+austria&pg=PA143 |title=Islam, Europe's Second Religion |isbn=9780275976095 |access-date=15 March 2015 |last1=Hunter |first1=Shireen T. |year=2002 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref> |- |Brno Mosque |center|120px |Brno |Czech Republic |1998 | |Construction began 1996, inaugurated 1998.<ref name="NielsenAkgönül2009"/> |}

=== Iberian Peninsula === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Iberian Peninsula ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Great Mosque of Cordoba (Mezquita) |center|120x120px |Córdoba, Andalusia |Spain |{{sort|0784|785}} | |Originally built by Abd al-Rahman I in the then Emirate of Córdoba, it underwent successive extensions in the 9th and 10th centuries. After the Castilian conquest of Cordoba in 1236, it was converted into the city's cathedral, which it remains to this day.<ref name=":242">{{Cite book |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |pages=505–508 |chapter=Córdoba |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref><ref name="PetrasPetras1996">{{cite book |author1=Petras, Kathryn |author2=Petras, Ross |title=World Access: The Handbook for Citizens of the Earth |url=https://archive.org/details/worldaccesshandb00petr |url-access=registration |access-date=5 July 2012 |year=1996 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-0-684-81016-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldaccesshandb00petr/page/288 288]–}}</ref> |- |Mosque inside Aljafería Palace |center|120px |Zaragoza, Aragon |Spain |{{sort|0784|1046}} | |A small prayer room inside the Aljafería Palace, dating from the Taifa period under the Hudid dynasty in the then Caliphate of Córdoba.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=monument;isl;es;mon01;4;en|title=Aljafería Palace (Islamic part) – Discover Islamic Art – Virtual Museum}}</ref> It is accessed through a portal inside palace.<ref name=Barrucand/>{{rp|118–120}} In 2001, the original restored structures of the Aljafería were included in the Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon, a World Heritage Site.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/378 |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Center}}</ref> |- |Mosque of Madinat al-Zahra |center|120px |Córdoba, Andalusia |Spain |{{sort|0784|941–942}} | |Friday mosque of Madinat al-Zahra, a vast, fortified palace-city begun in 936 by Abd al-Rahman III.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Hugh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dFTJAwAAQBAJ |title=Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Andalus |publisher=Routledge |year=1996 |isbn=9781317870418 |location= |pages=98, 125, 132 |language=en}}</ref> The city's mosque was inaugurated in 941–942.<ref name=":32">{{Cite book |last=Arnold |first=Felix |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bXjXDQAAQBAJ |title=Islamic Palace Architecture in the Western Mediterranean: A History |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |isbn=9780190624552 |location= |pages=60–61 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Barrucand/>{{rp|61}} The complex was plundered & destroyed during the civil war that ended the Caliphate of Córdoba in the early 11th century.<ref name=":3" /> A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Caliphate City of Medina Azahara |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1560/ |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |language=en}}</ref> |- |Mosque of Cristo de la Luz |center|120px |Toledo, Castile-La Mancha |Spain |{{sort|0784|999}} | |Built in the then Caliphate of Córdoba,<ref name=Pareja>{{cite book|author=Pareja, Antonio |title=Mezquita de Bab al Mardum, Cristo de la Luz, Toledo 999–1999 |year=1999 |location=Spain |publisher=Fundacíon Cultura y Deporte Castilla-La Mancha, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha |lang=es}}</ref> this building is a rarity in that it is in much the same state as it was when it was originally built.<ref name=Pareja/> Originally a square structure with nine domed bays, a semi-circular apse was added in 1187, after it had been converted into a church.<ref name=Barrucand>{{Cite book |last1=Barrucand |first1=Marianne |url=https://archive.org/details/moorisharchitect00mari/mode/2up |title=Moorish architecture in Andalusia |last2=Bednorz |first2=Achim |publisher=Taschen |year=1992 |isbn=3822896322 |location= |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|88}} |- |Mosque of las Tornerías<br />{{small|({{langx|ar|الـمـسـتـمـيـم|al-Mustimim}})}} |center|120px |Toledo, Castile-La Mancha |Spain |{{sort|0784|mid-11th-century}} | | Built on the foundations of Roman architecture, located in the old Muslim neighborhood Arrabal de Francos, in the then Taifa of Toledo. The building continued maintaining the Islamic faith in Spain well beyond the reconquista of the city by the Christian troops of Alfonso VI of León and Castile in 1085, until the period of 1498–1505, when it was desacralizated by the Catholic Monarchs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turismocastillalamancha.com/arte-cultura/monumentos/toledo/mezquita-de-las-tornerias/ |title=Castilla-La Mancha, Descubre e Sciente |work=turismocastillalamancha.com |date= |access-date= |lang=es }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Hattstein, Markus |author2=Delius, Peter |title=Islam. Arte y arquitectura |year=2007 |publisher=Tandem Verlag |lang=es }}</ref> |- |Ribat of Arrifana Archaeological site |center|120px |Aljezur, Algarve |Portugal |{{sort|0784|1130}} | |Probably constructed by Abu-l-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Husayn ibn Qasi, governor of Silves and a rebel leader against the Almoravid dynasty. These are the only ruins of such Muslim fortress to have been identified in Portugal, excavated by Portuguese archaeologists since 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patrimoniocultural.gov.pt/pt/patrimonio/patrimonio-imovel/pesquisa-do-patrimonio/classificado-ou-em-vias-de-classificacao/geral/view/70163/ |title=Igreja matriz de Mértola |publisher=Direção-Geral do Património Cultural |lang=pt }}</ref> |- |Church of Nossa Senhora da Anunciação |center|120px |Mértola, Alentejo |Portugal |{{sort|0784|Second-half of the 12th century}} | |Unique and most identifiable former mosque in Portugal, in what was then the Almohad Caliphate, although a mixture of Almohad and Manueline post-Gothic architecture. Rebuilt in the second half of the 12th century with some elements from the 9th century.<ref name="SIPA">{{cite book |page=[http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=741 741] |title=Igreja Paroquial de Mértola/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Assunção/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Anunciação (IPA.00000741/PT040209040002) |publisher=Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico (SIPA) |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=pt |first1=Isabel |last1=Mendonça |first2=Rosário |last2=Gordalina |year=2007 }}</ref> |- |Giralda |center|120px |Seville, Andalusia |Spain |1248 | |Only the minaret remains, built in the then Almohad Caliphate. Mosque comparable in size to Great mosque of Cordoba,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://historylists.org/architecture/5-most-impressive-historic-mosques-in-spain.html |title=5 Most Impressive Historic Mosques in Spain |work=History Lists.org |date= |access-date= }}</ref> mostly destroyed by earthquake in 1365. Minaret used as a church bell tower was built higher in the 16th century. |- |Church of São Clemente |center|120px |Tavira, Algarve |Portugal |{{sort|0784|Second-half of the 13th century}} | |Only parts of the original minaret remain, built in the Kingdom of Portugal, incorporated in the church bell tower. It's {{cvt|22.7|m}} tall and {{cvt|4.2|m}} wide. Across it lies an old Muslim cemetery of Jardim dos Amuados.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patrimoniocultural.gov.pt/pt/patrimonio/patrimonio-imovel/pesquisa-do-patrimonio/classificado-ou-em-vias-de-classificacao/geral/view/70412/ |title=Igreja matriz de Loulé |publisher=Direção-Geral do Património Cultural |lang=pt }}</ref> |- |Mosque of Tórtoles |center|120px |Tarazona, Aragon |Spain |{{sort|0784|15th-century}} | |Almost unaltered in the later centuries; built in the then Crown of Aragon.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patrimonioculturaldearagon.es/bienes-culturales/mezquita-de-tortoles-tarazona |author1=Hattstein, Markus |author2=Delius, Peter |title=Mezquita de Tórtoles (Tarazona, Zaragoza) |year=2007 |lang=es |publisher=Tandem Verlag}}</ref> |- |San Sebastian Minaret (Alminar De San Sebastian) |frameless|120x120px |Ronda, Andalusia |Spain | | |Only the minaret of the medium-size mosque in Plaza Abul Beka neighborhood remains in the then Almohad Caliphate. Minaret was expanded and used as a bell tower. The mosque was converted to a church but destroyed in the 1600s during Morisco Revolts. Ronda was a Muslim city for 700 years. The city had 7 or 8 mosques; none survive today.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=San Sebastian Minaret |url=http://www.rondatoday.com/san-sebastian-minaret-alminar-de-san-sebastian/ |date= |access-date=28 September 2018 |website=rondatoday.com}}</ref> |}

=== Russia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ {{flagcountry|Russia}} ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Juma Mosque |center|120x120px |Derbent, Dagestan |{{sort|0700|700-900 (approximate)}} | | Then part of the Abbasid Caliphate<ref name="ReferenceC"/> |- |Kul Sharif Mosque |center|159x159px |Kazan, Tatarstan |{{sort|1552|1552}} | |Original structure was destroyed in 1552 CE while the current structure is from 2005 |- |Khan's Mosque |center|120x120px |Kasimov |{{sort|1768|1768}} | | |- |Marjani Mosque |center|150x150px |Kazan, Tatarstan |{{sort|1770|1770}} | | |}

=== Scandinavia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Scandinavia ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Järvenpää Mosque | | |Finland |1942 | |A mosque of the community of Finnish Tatars. It is considered to be the oldest mosque in Scandinavia. Finland's first Muslim cemetery was established in the 1830s for Russian troops.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SGg5VlaXsTUC&q=first+mosque+in+Finland&pg=PA102 102] |title=Helsinki |isbn=9781566565448 |last1=Kent |first1=Neil |year=2005 |publisher=Interlink Publishing Group Incorporated }}</ref> |- |Nusrat Djahan Mosque | |Hvidovre, outside Copenhagen |Denmark |1967 |Ahmadiyya |The first purpose-built mosque in Scandinavia.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> |- |Islamic Cultural Centre Norway | |Oslo |Norway |1974 |Sunni Deobandi |Founded by Pakistani-Norwegians aided by Danish Muslims. Followed by the first Shi'i mosque, ''Anjuman-e Hussain'', in 1975; and the first Sunni Barelvi mosque in 1976. |- |Nasir Mosque | |Gothenburg |Sweden |1976 | | |- | | |Stockholm |Sweden |2000 | |Converted from Katarinastation, a former power station.<ref>{{cite book |url= |title=Time Out Stockholm |isbn=9781846702303 |year=2011 |publisher=Time Out Guides |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dvawyDSmxzkC&q=first+mosque+sweden&pg=PA71 71] }}</ref> |- |Reykjavík Mosque | |Reykjavík |Iceland |2002 | |Not a purpose-built mosque, but serves as an interim gathering site.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71385.htm |year=2006 |title=Iceland |work=U.S. Department of State |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |}

=== United Kingdom and Ireland === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ United Kingdom and Ireland ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Liverpool Mosque and Muslim Institute |center|120px |Liverpool, England |United Kingdom |1891 | |Several sources state that a mosque was founded in 1860 at 2 Glynrhondda Street, Cardiff, Wales. This has been rejected by an academic paper as a transcription error.<ref name="LiverpoolMosque">{{cite web |title=Liverpool Mosque and Muslim Institute |url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/liverpool-mosque-and-muslim-institute |publisher=Open University |access-date=19 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="Gilliat-Ray 2010">{{cite journal |last=Gilliat-Ray |first=Sophie |title=The first registered mosque in the UK, Cardiff, 1860': the evolution of a myth |journal=Contemporary Islam |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=179–193 |issn=1872-0218 |doi=10.1007/s11562-010-0116-9 |date=July 2010 |s2cid=145759796 }}</ref> |- |Dublin Mosque and Islamic Centre | |Dublin |Ireland |1976 | |Later,<ref name="NielsenAkgönül2009">{{cite book |author1=Nielsen, Jorgen S. |author2=Akgönül, Samim |author3=Alibasic, Ahmet |title=Yearbook of Muslims in Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WiijLleylbEC&pg=PA169| access-date=5 July 2012 |year=2009 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-17505-1 |pages=169–}}</ref> followed by the first purpose-built mosque was built in Ballyhaunis in 1987.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} |}

=== Western Europe === {{see also|List of mosques in France|List of mosques in Germany}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Western-Central Europe (excluding the British Isles, Nordic countries, and countries that are also in Eastern Europe) ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Père Lachaise Ottoman Mosque |center|120px |Paris |France |1856 | |The first in Metropolitan France, served for burial prayers for Ottoman diplomats, North African military personnel, and Turkish and Arab students. It fell into disrepair when France and the Ottoman Empire went to war in 1914.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.saphirnews.com/Sur-les-traces-de-la-mosquee-du-Pere-Lachaise_a19917.html |title=Sur les traces de la mosquée du Père Lachaise |access-date=20 March 2024 |last=Gence |first=Christelle |lang=fr }}</ref> |- |Grand Mosque of Paris |center|120px |Paris |France |1926 | |Built in the Moroccan style and honored Muslim French veterans of World War I.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x03mFxZTv44C&q=%22first+mosque%22&pg=PA104 |title=Muslim Minorities in the West |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9780759102187 |last1=Haddad |first1=Yvonne Yazbeck |last2=Smith |first2=Jane I. |year=2002 |publisher=Rowman Altamira }}</ref> |- |Wünsdorf Mosque |center|120px |Wünsdorf, Berlin |Germany |1915 | |Erected by the Imperial German Army administration for Muslim Allied prisoners of war in the POW camp in Wünsdorf, later used as refugee camp. In 1930 torn down due to lack of a congregation. |- |Mobarak Mosque |center|120px |The Hague |Netherlands |1955 | |The first known purpose-built mosque in the Netherlands. |- |Centre Islamique de Genève | |Geneva |Switzerland |1961 | |Founded by Said Ramadan, known as the ''Little Mosque of Geneva''. |}

== Americas ==

=== North America === {{see also|List of mosques in Canada|List of mosques in the United States}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ North America (including Central America and island-states of the Caribbean Sea) ! style="width:15%" |Building ! class="unsortable" style="width:15%" ; |Image ! style="width:10%" |Location ! style="width:15%" |Country ! style="width:10%" |First built ! style="width:10%" |Tradition ! class="unsortable" style="width:25%" ; |Notes |- |Al-Sadiq Mosque |120px |Chicago, Illinois |United States |1922 |Ahmadiyya |Oldest extant mosque in the Americas. |- |Mother Mosque of America<br />(Moslem Temple) |center|120px |Cedar Rapids, Iowa |United States |1934 | |Oldest extant purpose-built mosque in the United States<!-- Built in Iowa in 1934,{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} became the oldest standing mosque in America when the Ross Mosque was torn down in the 1970s. The Ross Mosque was later rebuilt in 2005. (Needs verification)--> |- |Al-Rashid Mosque |center|120px |Edmonton, Alberta |Canada |1938 | |First purpose-built mosque in Canada. |- | | |Westmoreland and Spanish Town |Jamaica |{{sort|1959|1950s}} | |Constructed by the Islamic Society of Jamaica, which was founded in 1950.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uAa8AAAAIAAJ&q=mosques |title=Social and Economic Studies |year=1999 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |- |Bridgetown Mosque | |Bridgetown |Barbados |1957 | |First purpose-built mosque in Barbados.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-03 |title=City Mosque celebrating 60 years |url=https://www.barbadosadvocate.com/news/city-mosque-celebrating-60-years |access-date=2020-07-31 |website=Barbados Advocate |language=en}}</ref> |- |Omar bin Al-Khattab Mosque |center|120px |Willemstad, Curaçao |Netherlands |1965 | |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-16 |title=Invitation to celebrate the end of the Ramadan |url=https://curacaochronicle.com/local/invitation-to-celebrate-the-end-of-the-ramadan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923085309/https://curacaochronicle.com/local/invitation-to-celebrate-the-end-of-the-ramadan/ |archive-date=September 23, 2020 |access-date=2020-07-31 |website=Curaçao Chronicle |language=en-US}}</ref> |- | | | |Haiti |1985 | |Converted private residence.<ref name="NYCReligion">{{cite web |title=Faith facts about Haitian New Yorkers |url=http://www.nycreligion.info/?p=2044 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822104405/http://www.nycreligion.info/?p=2044 |archive-date=22 August 2013 |access-date=15 March 2015 |work=A Journey through NYC religions}}</ref> |- |Suraya Mosque |center|120px |Torreón |Mexico |1989 |Shi'ite |Built by the immigrants from the Middle East living in Torreón. |- |Omar Mosque | |San José |Costa Rica |1995 |Sunni |Founded by the Islamic Cultural Association of Costa Rica.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Guzmán |first1=Roberto Marín |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pv-HzTRQPQsC&q=first+mosque+costa+rica&pg=PA64 |title=A Century of Palestinian Immigration Into Central America |publisher=Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica |year=2000 |isbn=9789977675879 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |- | | |Belize City |Belize |{{sort|2008|{{circa|2008}}}} | |Founded by Belizeans who converted to Islam while in the United States.<ref name="Channel5Belize">{{Cite web |title=Muslim community officially opens Belize City Mosque &#124; Channel5Belize.com |url=https://edition.channel5belize.com/archives/4834 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181014063957/http://edition.channel5belize.com/archives/4834 |archive-date=October 14, 2018 |access-date=July 22, 2025 |website=edition.channel5belize.com}}</ref><ref name="google.com5">{{cite book |last1=Mwakikagile |first1=Godfrey |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z2fiIhBMsHAC&q=%22first+mosque%22+belize&pg=PA121 |title=Belize and Its People |date=2010 |publisher=Continental Press |isbn=9789987932214 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> |- |Boukman Buhara Mosque | |Cap-Haïtien |Haiti |2016 | |First purpose-built mosque in Haiti; includes a minaret. Constructed following the 2010 Haiti earthquake.<ref name="DSHaiti">{{Cite web |date=2016-06-28 |title=Haiti's first mosque with minaret opens |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/religion/2016/06/28/haitis-first-mosque-with-minaret-opens |access-date=2020-08-01 |website=Daily Sabah |language=en}}</ref> |}

=== South America === {{See also|List of mosques in the Americas|List of mosques in Mexico|List of mosques in Brazil}}{{Incomplete|section|names and other details of mosques in certain rows|date=March 2025}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ South America ! style="width:15%" |Building ! class="unsortable" style="width:15%" ; |Image ! style="width:10%" |Location ! style="width:15%" |Country ! style="width:10%" |First built ! style="width:10%" |Tradition ! class="unsortable" style="width:25%" ; |Notes |- | | | |Suriname |1906 | |Built by immigrant Javanese rice farmers, in the Netherlands colony of the time.<ref name="CompanyAramco1987">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NvASAQAAMAAJ |title=Aramco world |author3=Aramco Services |publisher=Aramco: Saudi Arabian American Oil Company |year=1987 |page=67 |quote=''Then, in 1902, Indonesian Muslims from Java arrived to cultivate Suriname's coastal rice fields, and four years later, the country's first mosque was built at Wanica.'' |access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref> |- |Mesquita Brasil |120px |São Paulo |Brazil |1929 | |Previous site built in 1929;<ref name="MeltonBaumann2010">{{cite book |author1=Melton, J. Gordon |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C&pg=PA395 |title=Religions of the World, Second Edition: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices |author2=Baumann, Martin |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-59884-204-3 |pages=395– |access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref> current building inaugurated in 1952. First known mosque in Brazil.<ref name="MesquitaBrasil">[http://www.mesquitabrasil.com.br/sobre_sbm.php Mesquita Brasil: Nossa História] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423232523/http://www.mesquitabrasil.com.br/sobre_sbm.php|date=2018-04-23}} in Portuguese.</ref> |- | | | |Panama |1930 |Ahmadiyya |<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999 b">{{cite book |author1=Westerlund, David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=weYQMv2RqCgC&pg=PA453 |title=Islam Outside the Arab World |author2=Svanberg, Ingvar |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-312-22691-6 |access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref>{{rp|453–}} |- | | |El Paraíso, Caracas |Venezuela |1968 | |<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999 b" />{{rp|453–}} |- |At-Tauhid Mosque | |Buenos Aires |Argentina |1983 |Shi'ite |Opened in October 1983 with the support of the Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran to Argentina.<ref>{{cite web |title=Circuitos Halal |url=http://www.turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020915/https://turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |access-date=November 15, 2015 |publisher=City of Buenos Aires}}</ref> It is a very simple building with a subtle Islamic style in its facade.<ref name="TurismoBA">{{cite web |date=2013-10-29 |title=Circuitos Halal |url=http://www.turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020915/https://turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |access-date=November 15, 2015 |publisher=City of Buenos Aires}}</ref> |- |Mezquita as-Salam |120px |Santiago |Chile |1995 | |Commissioned 1989, inaugurated in 1995.<ref name="Pohl2010">{{cite book |author=Pohl, Florian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4Eye4ilLVkC&pg=PA374 |title=Modern Muslim Societies |publisher=Marshall Cavendish |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-7614-7927-7 |pages=374– |access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref> |- |Mohammed VI Mosque | |Coquimbo |Chile |2007 | | |}

== Oceania == {{See also|List of mosques in Oceania|List of mosques in Australia}}

=== Australasia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Australasia ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Marree Mosque |120px |Marree, South Australia |Australia |{{sort|1882|1861 / 1882}} | |Small structure in the South Australian desert built by Australia's "Afghan" camel-drivers, has been restored.<ref name="cultureandrecreation"/><ref name="Pohl2010"/> |- |Central Adelaide Mosque |120px |Adelaide, South Australia |Australia |1888 | |The oldest major city mosque in the country.<ref name="cultureandrecreation">{{cite web |url=http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/cameleers/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918142307/http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/cameleers/ |archive-date=2009-09-18 |url-status=dead |title=Afghan cameleers in Australia – Australia's Culture Portal |access-date=2014-10-18}}</ref> |- |Ponsonby Mosque |120px |Auckland |New Zealand |{{sort|1980|1980}} | |Cornerstone laid in 1979; the first Islamic centre in the country was installed in an Auckland house bought in 1959.<ref name="Drury2006">{{cite book |author=Abdullah Drury |title=Islam in New Zealand: the first mosque : a short history of the New Zealand Muslim Association & the Ponsonby Mosque |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wvckAQAAIAAJ |access-date=5 July 2012 |year=2006 |publisher=A. Drury |isbn=978-0-473-12249-2}}</ref> |}

=== Melanesia === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Melanesia ! style="width:15%"|Building ! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image ! style="width:10%"|Location ! style="width:15%"|Country ! style="width:10%"|First built ! style="width:10%"|Tradition ! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes |- |Hidayatullah Sanoek Mosque | |Sanoek, South Waigeo, Raja Ampat Regency, West Papua |Indonesia |{{sort|1505|1505 (approximate)}} | |The oldest surviving mosque in Oceania<ref name="Sanoek">{{cite web |url=https://republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/islam-nusantara/17/12/02/p0cdr2440-tiga-masjid-bersejarah-di-tanah-papua |title=Tiga Masjid Bersejarah di Tanah Papua|last=Tejomukti|first=Ratna Ajeng|work=Republika Online |date=3 December 2017 |access-date=5 September 2020 |language=id |trans-title=Three Historical Mosques in Papua}}</ref> |- | | |Vitogo, Nausori, and Tavua |Fiji |{{sort|1922|1922 (approximate)}} | |A number of wooden mosques were built by local Islamic assemblies around 1922.<ref name="Kettani1986">{{cite book |author=M. Alī Kettani |title=Muslim minorities in the world today |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvlrAAAAIAAJ |access-date=5 July 2012 |year=1986 |publisher=Mansell |isbn=978-0-7201-1802-5 |page=227}}</ref> |- | | |Port Moresby |Papua New Guinea |2000 | |Islam was introduced to the island in the 1970s,<ref name="Group2004">{{cite book |author=Taylor & Francis Group |title=Europa World Year Book 2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C&pg=PA3363 |access-date=5 July 2012 |year=2004 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-85743-255-8 |pages=3363–}}</ref> and the first Islamic centre established in 1988.<ref name="Pohl2010"/> |}

== See also == * List of oldest minarets * List of tallest minarets * Holiest sites in Islam * Islamic architecture * List of mosques in India ** Congregational mosque ** List of largest mosques ** List of mosques * List of oldest known surviving buildings * List of oldest church buildings * List of oldest synagogues

== Notes == {{Notelist}} {{reflist|group=note}}

== References == {{Reflist|30em}}

== External links == * [http://www.archinform.net International Architecture database] * [http://www.islamicity.org/5710/al-masjid-al-haram-and-al-masjid-al-aqsa-as-the-first-and-second-mosques-on-earth/ Al-Masjid al-Haram and al-Masjid al-Aqsa as the First and Second Mosques on Earth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128092614/https://www.islamicity.org/5710/al-masjid-al-haram-and-al-masjid-al-aqsa-as-the-first-and-second-mosques-on-earth/ |date=January 28, 2022 }}

{{List of mosques}} {{Religion-related lists of superlative buildings}}

Category:Historic preservation *Mosques Category:Mosque architecture Category:Religion-related lists of superlatives Oldest