List of echinoderms of Venezuela

{{Short description|none}} thumb|250px|List of echinoderms of Venezuela '''The echinoderms of Venezuela''' are a strictly marine animal phylum comprising about 124 species of marine waters designated for Venezuelan Caribbean.<ref>{{cite journal|title= Marine Biodiversity in the Caribbean: Regional Estimates and Distribution Patterns.|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0011916 | volume=5|journal=PLOS ONE|article-number=e11916|pmid=20689856|pmc=2914069|year=2010|vauthors=Miloslavich P, Díaz JM, Klein E, etal|issue=8 |bibcode=2010PLoSO...511916M |doi-access=free }}</ref> The first lists of species for Venezuelan coast date back to 1939<ref name="Engel 1939"/> and 1967.<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/>

In Venezuela are five classes representatives living today: Crinoidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea and Holothuroidea.<ref name="Zoppi 1980">Zoppy, E. & Cedeño, A. 1980. Phylum Echinodermata. En: Bodini, R. & Rada, D. Biología Animal. Editorial Ateneo de Caracas. Caracas - Venezuela. pp:233-242</ref> In this list are listed 105 species for the territory Venezuelan.<ref name="Engel 1939">{{cite journal | author = Engel H | year = 1939 | title = Echinoderms from Aruba, Curaçao, Bonaire and Northern Venezuela | journal = Capita Zoologica | volume = VIII | issue = 4| pages = 1–12 }}</ref><ref name="Zoppi 1967">{{cite journal | author = Zoppy E | year = 1967 | title = Contribución al conocimiento de los Equinodermos de Venezuela | journal = Acta Biologica Venezuelica | volume = 5 | issue = 17| pages = 267–333 }}</ref><ref name="Flores 1970">{{cite journal | author = Flores C., Martínez de R. A. | year = 1970 | title = Status de la familia Goniasteridae (Asteroidea: Phanerozonia) en la región Oriental de Venezuela | journal = Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Universidad de Oriente | volume = 9 | issue = 1–2| pages = 3–8 }}</ref><ref name="Martínez y Mago 1975">{{cite journal | author = Martínez, Mago H | year = 1975 | title = Contribución al conocimiento de los holoturoideos (Holoturoidea: Echinodermata) de la región oriental de Venezuela | journal = Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de la Universidad de Oriente | volume = 14 | issue = 2| pages = 187–197 }}</ref><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/>

== List of species identified for Venezuela ==

=== Crinoidea (Sea Lilies) ===

{| class="wikitable" style="background:#fff;" class="sortable wikitable" |+ style="text-align:center; background:#48d1cc; color:white;"|<big>'''Crinoidea'''</big> |- ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:520px;" px|Species ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Common name ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Global distribution ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:170px;" px|Distribution by state<ref group = nota>The following codes are used: * An: Anzoátegui * Ar: Aragua * Ca: Carabobo * DA: Delta Amacuro * DF: Dependencias Federales * Fa: Falcón * Mi: Miranda * Mo: Monagas * NE: Nueva Esparta * Su: Sucre * Va: Vargas * Zu: Zulia </ref> ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Image |- |''Antedon bifida'' (Pennant, 1777)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Rosy Feather-star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/597854/names/common_names |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Antedon bifida'' |publisher=EOL |date=2010-03-30 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124201 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Antedon bifida'' (Pennant, 1777) AphiaID: 124201 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2004-12-21 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; Su; Va | 100px |- |''Davidaster rubiginosus'' (Pourtàles, 1869)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Sea lily<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998">Matínez E. Rafael y Martínez M. Enrique. 1998: Técnicas generales para invertebrados, colecta, anestesia, fijación, preservación, coloración, montaje, cultivo y calidad de agua. Caracas. 246p.</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=246784 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Davidaster rubiginosus'' (Pourtalès, 1869) AphiaID: 246784 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-10-12 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar | 100px |- | ''Tropiometra carinata'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Black and White Sea Lily<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/597865/names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Tropiometra carinata'' |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=213331 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Tropiometra carinata'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 213331 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; Ca; Fa; DF; Su; Va | 100px |}

=== Asteroidea (Starfishs) ===

{| class="wikitable" style="background:#fff;" class="sortable wikitable" |+ style="text-align:center; background:#48d1cc; color:white;"|<big>'''Asteroidea'''</big> |- ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:520px;" px|Species ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Common name ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Global distribution ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:170px;" px|Distribution by state ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Image |- | ''Anthenoides piercei'' Perrier, 1881<ref name="Flores 1970"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981">Cervigon, F. y Velázquez, E. 1981. Nombres venáculos de organismos marinos del Estado Nueva Esparta. Caracas. 53p.</ref> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178061 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Anthenoides piercei'' Perrier, 1881 AphiaID: 178061 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su |100px |- | ''Asterinides folium'' (Lütken, 1859)<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Common Blunt Armed Sea Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598523/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Asterinides folium'' Common Blunt Armed Sea Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=459535 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Asterinides folium'' (Lutken, 1860) AphiaID: 459535 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2010-02-27 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Astropecten antillensis'' Lütken, 1859<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178646 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Astropecten antillensis'' Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 178646 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su; Zu | |- | ''Astropecten brasiliensis'' Müller & Troschel (1842)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Western Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178647 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Astropecten brasiliensis'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 178647 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Fa; Mi; NE; Su | |- | ''Astropecten duplicatus'' Gray, 1840<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Capelo 2007">{{cite report |author1=Juan Capelo |author2=Javier Gutiérrez |author3=M. Rada |author4=J. Buitrago |author5=J. Narváez |title=Biodiversidad de las comunidades de bentos del sur del golfo de Paria, Venezuela |trans-title=Biodiversity of the benthic communities of the southern Gulf of Paria, Venezuela |date=December 2007 |publisher=Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales |issn=0037-8518 |url=http://www2.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-85182007000200005&nrm=iso |access-date=2013-07-21 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130707081622/http://www2.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-85182007000200005&nrm=iso |archive-date=2013-07-07 }}</ref> |Two-spined Star Fish<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598632/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Astropecten duplicatus'' Two-spined Star Fish |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178650 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Astropecten duplicatus'' Gray, 1840 AphiaID: 178650 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su; Va; Zu |100px |- | ''Astropecten marginatus'' Gray, 1840<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Capelo 2007"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178667 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Astropecten marginatus'' Gray, 1840 AphiaID: 178667 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DA; Fa; NE; Su; Zu | |- | ''Echinaster brasiliensis'' Müller & Troschel, 1842<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178747 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Echinaster (Othilia) brasiliensis'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 178747 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Echinaster echinophorus'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178748 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Echinaster (Othilia) echinophorus'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 178748 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; NE; Su | |- | ''Goniaster tesellatus'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Flores 1970"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124033 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Goniaster tessellatus'' (de Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 124033 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su |100px |- | ''Linckia guildingi'' Gray, 1840<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Yellow Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Cosmopolitan<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178188 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Linckia guildingi'' Gray, 1840 AphiaID: 178188 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE |100px |- | ''Luidia alternata'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178615 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Luidia alternata'' (Say, 1825)AphiaID: 178615 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su; Zu | |- | ''Luidia clathrata'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158497 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Luidia clathrata'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 158497 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; NE; Su; Zu |100px |- | ''Luidia senegalensis'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Capelo 2007"/> |Nine-armed Sea Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/601073/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Luidia senegalensis'' Nine-armed Sea Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178641 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Luidia senegalensis'' (Lamark, 1816) AphiaID: 178641 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Mi; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Oreaster reticulatus'' (Linnaeus, 1858)<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011">{{cite web|url=http://ojs.udo.edu.ve/index.php/boletiniov/article/view/437/318 |title=Gómez M, María C. y Hernández A, Iván. 2011: Equinodermos de la bahía Tunantal, Estado Sucre, Venezuela. Boletín del Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela, 50 (2): 209-231 |publisher=Ojs.udo.edu.ve |date=2013-01-13 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Orange Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> Cushion Sea Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598571/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Oreaster reticulatus'' Cushion Sea Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178210 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Oreaster reticulatus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) AphiaID: 178210 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Tethyaster vestitus'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Starfish<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178718 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Tethyaster vestitus'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 178718 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DA; DF; Su | |}

=== Ophiuroidea (Sea spiders and sea snakes) ===

{| class="wikitable" style="background:#fff;" class="sortable wikitable" |+ style="text-align:center; background:#48d1cc; color:white;"|<big>'''Ophiuroidea'''</big> |- ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:520px;" px|Species ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Common name ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Global distribution ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:170px;" px|Distribution by state ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Image |- |''Amphiodia trychna'' H. L. Clark, 1918<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=242681 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphiodia trychna'' H.L. Clark, 1918 AphiaID: 242681 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Su | |- |''Amphioplus coniortodes'' H. L. Clark, 1918<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=242765 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphioplus coniortodes'' H.L. Clark, 1918 AphiaID: 242765 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; NE; Su | |- |''Amphipholis januarii'' Ljungman, 1867<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=149906 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphipholis januarii'' Ljungman, 1866 AphiaID: 149906 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Amphipholis squamata'' (Delle Chiaje, 1828)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Small Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598244/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Amphipholis squamata'' Small Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125064 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphipholis squamata'' (Delle Chiaje, 1828) AphiaID: 125064 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su |100px |- |''Amphiura palmeri'' T Lyman, 1882<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125093 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphiura palmeri'' Koehler, 1906 AphiaID: 125093 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Amphiura rathbuni'' Koehler, 1914<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=242980 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphiura rathbuni'' Koehler, 1914 AphiaID: 242980 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE | |- |''Amphiura stimpsonii'' Lútken, 1859<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=242991 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Amphiura stimpsoni'' Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 242991 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Asteronyx loveni'' Müller & Troschel, 1824<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Pipe-cleaner Brittlestar<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/2772508/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Asteronyx loveni'' Pipe-cleaner Brittlestar |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Northern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124951 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Asteronyx loveni'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 124951 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Fa |100px |- |''Astrophyton muricatum'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Capelo 2007"/> |Grifo<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> Giant Basket Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598388/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Astrophyton muricatum'' Giant Basket Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243214 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Astrophyton muricatum'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 243214 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; DF; NE; Su |100px |- |''Microphiopholis atra'' (Stimpson, 1852)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158072 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Microphiopholis atra'' (Stimpson, 1852) AphiaID: 158072 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; DA; Mo; Su | |- |''Microphiopholis gracillima'' (Stimpson, 1852)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=405791 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Microphiopholis gracillima'' (Stimpson, 1854) AphiaID: 405791 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Ophiactis muelleri'' Lütken, 1856<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243460 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiactis muelleri'' Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 243460 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Ophiactis algicola'' H.L. Clark, 1933<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243434 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiactis algicola'' H.L. Clark, 1933 AphiaID: 243434 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Ophiactis savignyi'' (Müller & Troschel, 1842)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Savigny's Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598269/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiactis savignyi'' Savigny's Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125122 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Ophiactis savignyi (Müller & Troschel, 1842) AphiaID: 125122 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Mi; NE; Su |100px |- |''Ophiocnida scabriuscula'' (Lútken, 1859)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Lobate Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598216/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiocnida scabriuscula'' Lobate Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422458 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiocnida scabriuscula'' (Lütken, 1859) AphiaID: 422458 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- |''Ophiocoma echinata'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Black Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598333/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiocoma echinata'' Black Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243573 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiocoma echinata'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 243573 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; DF; Fa; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Ophiocoma pumila'' Lütken, 1859<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Banded Ophiocoma<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598338/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiocoma pumila'' Banded Ophiocoma |publisher=EOL |date=2011-08-30 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243578 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiocoma pumila'' Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 243578 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Fa; Su; Va | |- | ''Ophiocoma wendtii'' Müller & Troschel, 1842<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Red Ophiocoma<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598336/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiocoma wendtii'' Red Ophiocoma |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243582 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiocoma wendtii'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 243582 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su | |- | ''Ophiocomella ophiactoides'' (H. L. Clark, 1963)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Coralline Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598325/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiocomella ophiactoides'' Coralline Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |date=2011-08-30 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243584 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiocomella ophiactoides'' (H.L. Clark, 1900) AphiaID: 243584 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; Su | |- | ''Ophioderma appressa'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Harlequin Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598321/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophioderma appressa'' Harlequin Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243630 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophioderma appressa'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 243630 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Mi; NE; Su | |- | ''Ophioderma brevicauda'' Lütken, 1856<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Short Spined Ophioderma<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598324/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophioderma brevicauda'' Short Spined Ophioderma |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243631 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophioderma brevicauda'' Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 243631 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ca; DF; Fa; Mi | |- | ''Ophioderma brevispina'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158073 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophioderma brevispina'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 158073 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Mi |100px |- | ''Ophioderma cinerea'' Müller & Troschel, 1842<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Chocolate Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598319/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophioderma cinerea'' Chocolate Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243632 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophioderma cinerea'' Müller & Troschel, 1842 AphiaID: 243632 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ophioderma rubicunda'' Lütken, 1856<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Ruby Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598317/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophioderma rubicunda'' Ruby Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243645 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophioderma rubicunda'' Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 243645 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Ophiolepis elegans'' Lütken, 1859<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243691 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiolepis elegans'' Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 243691 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; DF; Mi; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Ophiolepis impressa'' Lütken, 1859<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243695 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiolepis impressa'' Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 243695 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Mi; Su | |- | ''Ophiolepis paucispina'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Scaly Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598354/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiolepis impressa'' Scaly Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124887 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiolepis paucispina'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 124887 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ophiomyxa flaccida'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Slimy Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599646/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiomyxa flaccida'' Slimy Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243863 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiomyxa flaccida'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 243863 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Su | |- | ''Ophionereis olivacea'' H. L. Clark, 1901<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243886 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophionereis olivacea'' H.L. Clark, 1900 AphiaID: 243886 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ophionereis reticulata'' (Say, 1925)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Reticulated Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598210/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophionereis reticulata'' Reticulated Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124833 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophionereis reticulata'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 124833 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Ophionereis squamulosa'' Köehler, 1913<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243892 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophionereis squamulosa'' Koehler, 1914 AphiaID: 243892 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ophiopsila hartmeyeri'' Koehler, 1913<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244010 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiopsila hartmeyeri'' Koehler, 1913 AphiaID: 244010 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ophiopsila riisei'' Lütken, 1859<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244020 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiopsila riisei'' Lütken, 1859 AphiaID: 244020 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; DF; Su | |- | ''Ophiophragmus wurdemani'' (Lyman, 1860)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=243937 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiophragmus wurdemani'' (Lyman, 1860) AphiaID: 243937 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Va | |- | ''Ophiothrix angulata'' (Say, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Angular Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/600964/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiothrix angulata'' Angular Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> | Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244162 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) angulata'' (Say, 1825) AphiaID: 244162 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Mi; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Ophiothrix brachyactis'' H. L. Clark, 1915<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244106 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiothrix brachyactis'' H.L. Clark, 1915 AphiaID: 244106 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ophiothrix oerstedii'' Lütken, 1856<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Oersted's Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/600969/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiothrix oerstedii'' Oersted's Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244182 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiothrix (Ophiothrix) oerstedii'' Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 244182 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; NE; Su | |- |''Ophiothrix suensonii'' Lütken, 1856<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Suenson's Brittle Star<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/600968/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Ophiothrix suensoni'' Suenson's Brittle Star |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244148 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiothrix (Acanthophiothrix) suensonii'' Lütken, 1856 AphiaID: 244148 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE; Su |100px |- | ''Ophiura acervata'' Lyman 1869<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea spiders<ref name="Zoppi 1980"/><ref name="Martínez y Martínez 1998"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=244255 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Ophiura acervata'' (Lyman, 1869) AphiaID: 244255 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2007-07-18 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DA; Mo; Su | |}

=== Echinoidea (Sea urchins and sand dollar) ===

{| class="wikitable" style="background:#fff;" class="sortable wikitable" |+ style="text-align:center; background:#48d1cc; color:white;"|<big>'''Echinoidea'''</big> |- ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:520px;" px|Species ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Common name ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Global distribution ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:170px;" px|Distribution by state ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Image |- |''Arbacia punctulata'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Purple Sea Urchin.<ref>Serafy, Keith. & Fell, Julian. 1985: Marine flora and fauna of the Northeastern United States. Echidodermata: Echinoidea. NOAA technical Report NMFS 33. 28p.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598186/names |title=Encyclopedia Of Life (EOL) ''Arbacia punctulata'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158058 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Arbacia punctulata'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 158058 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; NE; Su |100px |- | ''Brissopsis elongata'' Mortensen, 1907<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422510 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Brissopsis elongata'' Mortensen, 1907 AphiaID: 422510 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Su | |- | ''Brissus unicolor'' (Leske, 1778)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/> |Groove Burrowing Urchin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598141/names/common_names |title=Encyclopedia Of Life (EOL) ''Brissus unicolor'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124380 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Brissus unicolor'' (Leske, 1778) AphiaID: 124380 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; DF; Su | |- |''Clypeaster cyclopylus'' H.L.Clark, 1941<ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008">{{cite journal|url=http://www.nrm.se/download/18.68e25d82120c414fd6f80003756/10-FRANCISCO-ORDEN+CLYPEASTEROIDEA.pdf |title=Francisco, V. y Pauls, S. 2008: Especies del orden Clypeasteroida (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)de las costas de Venezuela. Revista de Biología Tropical 56(Suppl. 3):215-228. |journal=Revista de Biología Tropical |issn=0034-7744 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> | |Venezuelan Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=513181 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Clypeaster cyclopilus'' H.L. Clark, 1941 AphiaID: 513181 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF (Archp. Los Testigos) | |- |''Clypeaster euclastus'' H.L.Clark, 1941<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422495 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Clypeaster euclastus'' H.L. Clark, 1941 AphiaID: 422495 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An, Ca, DA, DF, Fa | |- |''Clypeaster lamprus'' H.L.Clark, 1914<ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=513185 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Clypeaster lamprus'' H.L. Clark, 1914 AphiaID: 513185 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Va | |- |''Clypeaster prostratus'' Ravenel, 1848<ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422497 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Clypeaster prostratus'' (Ravenel, 1845) AphiaID: 422497 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Fa, Zu | |- |''Clypeaster rosaceus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> |Sea Biscuit<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/597567/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) Clypeaster rosaceus |publisher=EOL |date=2012-06-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=367962 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Clypeaster rosaceus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) AphiaID: 367962 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Fa; DF; NE |100px |- |''Clypeaster subdepressus'' (Gray, 1825)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> |Sand Dollar<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598170/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Clypeaster subdepressus'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422499 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Clypeaster subdepressus'' (Gray, 1825) AphiaID: 422499 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Fa; NE; Su |100px |- |''Diadema antillarum'' (Philippi & Agassiz, 1863)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Long-spined Sea Urchin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598194/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Diadema antillarum'' |publisher=EOL |date=2009-07-24 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=124332 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Diadema antillarum'' Philippi, 1845 AphiaID: 124332 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; Ca; DF; Mi; Su; Va |100px |- |''Echinometra lucunter'' (Linnaeus, 1758)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Pompa L. |author2=Prieto A. S. |author3=Manrique R. | year = 1989 | title = Abundancia y distribución espacial en una población del erizo ''Echinometra lucunter'' (L) en el Golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela | journal = Acta Científica Venezolana | volume = 40 | pages = 289–294 }}</ref> |Rock-boring Urchin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599664/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Echinometra lucunter'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=213380 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Echinometra lucunter'' (Linnaeus, 1758) AphiaID: 213380 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Ar; Ca; DA; DF; Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; Su; Va; Zu |100px |- |''Echinometra viridis'' Agassiz, 1863<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Green Urchin<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422493 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Echinometra viridis'' A. Agassiz, 1863 AphiaID: 422493 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; Ca; DF; Fa; Mi |100px |- |''Encope emarginata'' (Leske, 1778)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> |Sand Dollar, Cookie<ref name="Cervigon y Velázquez 1981"/> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=513255 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Encope emarginata'' (Leske, 1778) AphiaID: 513255 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; NE; Su |100px |- |''Encope michelini'' Agassiz, 1841<ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> |Notched Sand Dollar<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598161/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Encope michelini'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422501 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Encope michelini'' L. Agassiz, 1841 AphiaID: 422501 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Ar; NE; Su | |- |''Eucidaris tribuloides'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Slate Pencil Urchin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/600976/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Eucidaris tribuloides'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=396741 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Eucidaris tribuloides'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 396741 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Mi; NE; Su; Va; Zu |100px |- | ''Leodia sexiesperforata'' (Leske, 1778)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> |Six Holed Keyhole Urchin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598159/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Leodia sexiesperforata'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422502 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Leodia sexiesperforata'' (Leske, 1778) AphiaID: 422502 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Ar; Ca; Mi; NE; Su; Va |100px |- | ''Lytechinus variegatus'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref>{{cite journal | author = Gómez G | year = 2002 | title = Abundancia de erizo ''Lytechinus variegatus'' (Lamarck) en la costa norte, este y oeste de la isla de Margarita (Venezuela) | journal = Acta Científica Venezolana | volume = 53 | issue = 1| pages = 43–53 }}</ref> |Variegated Sea Urchin<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599644/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Lytechinus variegatus'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=367850 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Lytechinus variegatus'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 367850 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Ar; Ca; DA; DF; Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; su; Va; Zu |100px |- |''Mellita quinquiesperforata latiambulacra'' H. L. Clark, 1940<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name="Francisco y Pauls 2008"/> |Dollar see; Cookie<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598164/names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) Mellita quinquiesperforata |publisher=EOL |date=2012-06-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158065 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Mellita quinquiesperforata'' (Leske, 1778) AphiaID: 158065 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; Ar; Ca; DA; Fa; Mi; Mo; NE; Su; Va; Zu |100px |- | ''Meoma ventricosa'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=367846 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Meoma ventricosa'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 367846 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; NE | |- | ''Moira atropos'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158067 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Moira atropos'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 158067 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su; | |- | ''Plagiobrissus grandis'' (Gmelin, 1788)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422511 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Plagiobrissus grandis (Gmelin, 1788) AphiaID: 422511 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; DA; Su |100px |- | ''Schizaster orbignyanus'' Agassiz, 1980<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422521 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Schizaster orbignyanus'' A. Agassiz, 1880 AphiaID: 422521 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |An; DA; Su | |- | ''Tripneustes ventricosus'' (Lamarck, 1816)<ref name="Zoppi 1967"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Sea Egg<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/598177/names/common_names |title=encyclopedia od Life (EOL) ''Tripneustes ventricosus'' |publisher=EOL |date=2011-10-14 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422490 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Tripneustes ventricosus'' (Lamarck, 1816) AphiaID: 422490 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Fa; Mi; NE; Su; Va |100px |}

=== Holothuroidea (Sea Cucumbers) ===

{| class="wikitable" style="background:#fff;" class="sortable wikitable" |+ style="text-align:center; background:#48d1cc; color:white;"|<big>'''Holothuroidea'''</big> |- ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:520px;" px|Species ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Common name ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Global distribution ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:170px;" px|Distribution by state ! style="background:PowderBlue; color:Black; width:100px;" px|Image |- | ''Aslia pygmaea'' (Théel 1886)<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Martínez y Mago 1975"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Venezuelan Caribbean sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=529439 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Aslia pygmaea'' (Théel, 1886) AphiaID: 529439 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |NE | |- | ''Aslia surinamensis'' (Semper 1868)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/><ref name=" Pawson 2010"/> | |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref name=" Pawson 2010">{{cite journal|url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/zt02449p048.pdf |author1=Pawson, David L. |author2=Pawson, Doris J. |author3=King, Rachael A. |date=2010|title= A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea).|journal= Zootaxa|volume=2449 |issue= 2449|pages=1–48|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.2449.1.1 |issn=1175-5326 |access-date=2013-10-18|doi-access=free}}</ref> |NE | |- | ''Astichopus multifidus'' (Sluter, 1910)<ref>Museo de Biología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela. Catálogo de Echinodermata MBUCV-VI. Universidad Central de Venezuela. Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Zoología Tropical Caracas – Venezuela.</ref> |Fissured Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/597912/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Astichopus multifidus'' Fissured Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241780 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Astichopus multifidus'' (Sluiter, 1910) AphiaID: 241780 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF | |- | ''Chiridota rotifera'' (Pourtalès, 1851)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Worm Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599058/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Chiridota rotifera'' Worm Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422538 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Chiridota rotifera (Pourtalès, 1851) AphiaID: 422538 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Euthyonacta solida'' (Deichmann, 1930)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422524 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Euthyonacta solida'' (Deichmann, 1930) AphiaID: 422524 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Holothuria arenicola'' Semper, 1868<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ojs.udo.edu.ve/index.php/boletiniov/article/view/437/318 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Thymiosycia) arenicola'' Semper, 1868 AphiaID: 210814 |publisher=Ojs.udo.edu.ve |date=2013-01-13 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Holothuria cubana'' Ludwig, 1875<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241823 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Cystipus) cubana'' Ludwig, 1875 AphiaID: 241823 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Holothuria glaberrima'' Selenka, 1867<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Brown Rock Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/607597/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria glaberrima'' Brown Rock Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241851 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Selenkothuria) glaberrima'' Selenka, 1867 AphiaID: 241851 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Holothuria grisea'' (Selenka; 1867)<ref name="Martínez y Mago 1975"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Gray Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/607598/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria grisea'' Gray Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241833 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Halodeima) grisea'' Selenka, 1867 AphiaID: 241833 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Holothuria impatiens'' (Forskaal, 1775)<ref name="Martínez y Mago 1975"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Impatient Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599522/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria impatiens'' Impatient Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125185 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Thymiosycia) impatiens'' (Forskål, 1775) AphiaID: 125185 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Holothuria mexicana'' Ludwig, 1875<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Donkey Dung Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599524/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria mexicana'' Donkey Dung Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125180 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Halodeima) mexicana'' Ludwig, 1875 AphiaID: 125180 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Fa |100px |- | ''Holothuria occidentalis'' Ludwig, 1875<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241826 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Holothuria (Cystipus) occidentalis Ludwig, 1875 AphiaID: 241826 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Holothuria parvula'' (Selenka, 1867)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Golden Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/599523/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria parvula'' Golden Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea, Indian Ocean<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125183 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Platyperona) parvula'' (Selenka, 1867) AphiaID: 125183 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Holothuria princeps'' (Selenka, 1867)<ref name="Martínez y Mago 1975"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=210890 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Theelothuria) princeps'' Selenka, 1867 AphiaID: 210890 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Holothuria surinamensis'' Ludwig, 1875<ref name="Engel 1939"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Surinam Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/597924/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria surinamensis'' Surinam Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241858 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Holothuria (Semperothuria) surinamensis'' Ludwig, 1875 AphiaID: 241858 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Zu |100px |- | ''Holothuria thomasi'' Pawson & Caycedo, 1980<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Tiger Tail Sea Cocumber<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eol.org/pages/3067531/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Holothuria thomasi'' Tiger Tail Sea Cocumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=241876 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) Holothuria (Thymiosycia) thomasi Pawson & Caycedo, 1980 AphiaID: 241876 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |su |100px |- | ''Isostichopus badionotus'' (Selenka, 1867)<ref name="Martínez y Mago 1975"/><ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> |Three-rowed Sea Cucumber<ref>{{cite web|author=Isostichopus badionotus |url=http://eol.org/pages/2923905/overview |title=Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) ''Isostichopus badionotus'' Three-rowed Sea Cucumber |publisher=EOL |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=367868 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Isostichopus badionotus'' (Selenka, 1867) AphiaID: 367868 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |DF; Su |100px |- | ''Lissothuria antillensis'' Pawson, 1967<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Venezuelan Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=529094 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Lissothuria antillensis'' Pawson, 1967 AphiaID: 529094 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Lissothuria braziliensis'' (Théel, 1886)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Venezuelan Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=529525 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Lissothuria braziliensis'' (Théel, 1886) AphiaID: 529525 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Ocnus suspectus'' (Ludwig, 1874)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>García, Rosa del Valle., Solís-Marín, Francisco A., Abreu Pérez, Mercedes., Laguarda Figueras, Alfredo & Durán-González, Alicia. 2005 [http://www.latindex.ucr.ac.cr/rbt-53-suppl3/rbt-supl3-2005-02.pdf Catálogo de los equinodermos Echinodermata: Crinoidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea) nerítico-bentónicos del Archipiélago Cubano.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019173519/http://www.latindex.ucr.ac.cr/rbt-53-suppl3/rbt-supl3-2005-02.pdf |date=2013-10-19 }} ''Rev. Biol. Trop.'' 53(Suppl. 3):9-28, D {{ISSN|0034-7744}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Pentamera pulcherrima'' Ayres, 1852<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Nortrwestern Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=149908 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Pentamera pulcherrima'' Ayres, 1852 AphiaID: 149908 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |- | ''Pseudothyone belli'' (Luswig, 1887)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=422535 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Pseudothyone belli'' (Ludwig, 1887) AphiaID: 422535 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Sclerodactyla briareus'' (Lesueur, 1824)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158532 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Sclerodactyla briareus'' (Lesueur, 1824) AphiaID: 158532 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Thyone pseudofusus'' Deichmann, 1930<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=225684 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Thyone pseudofusus'' Deichmann, 1930 AphiaID: 225684 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su |100px |- | ''Thyonidium seguroensis'' (Deichmann, 1930)<ref name="Gómez y Mago 2011"/> | |Caribbean Sea<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=529705 |title=World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) ''Thyonidium seguroensis'' (Deichmann, 1930) AphiaID: 529705 |publisher=Marinespecies.org |date=2010-10-06 |access-date=2013-10-18}}</ref> |Su | |}

== Notas == <references group="nota"/>

== References == {{reflist|2}}

== External links == * [https://www.venciclopedia.org/index.php?title=Lista_de_Equinodermos_de_Venezuela Venciclopedia - Listado de Equinodermos de Venezuela] * [https://archive.today/20121224145737/http://www2.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-55042002000100004&lng=es&nrm=Iso Abundancia de erizo ''Lytechinus variegatus'' (Lamarck) en la costa norte, este y oeste de la isla de Margarita (Venezuela)] * [http://www.invemar.org.co/redcostera1/invemar/docs/9230Catalogo_Equinodermos_I.pdf Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano I: Crinoidea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea. 2012. Milena Benavides Serrato. Giomar Helena Borrero Pérez. Christian Michael Díaz Sánchez. Instituto de Investigaciones Marino Costeras José Benito Vives De Andrèis (IVEMAR). Colombia.] {{ISBN|978-958-8448-36-7}} * [http://www.invemar.org.co/redcostera1/invemar/docs/10454EQII__web.pdf Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano II: Echinoidea y Holothuroidea. 2012. Milena Benavides Serrato. Giomar Helena Borrero Pérez. Christian Michael Díaz Sánchez. Instituto de Investigaciones Marino Costeras José Benito Vives De Andrèis (IVEMAR). Colombia.] {{ISBN|978-958-8448-52-7}} * [https://books.google.com/books?id=g1eudfgEd-4C&pg=PA272 Alvarado, Juan José., y Alfonso S.M., Francisco. (editores) 2013: Echinoderm research and diversity in Latin America]. Springer Verlag, Berlin. {{ISBN|978-3-642-20050-2}}, {{ISBN|978-3-642-20051-9}}

Venezuela Echinoderms Echinoderms