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{{Expand list|date=February 2011}} A '''closed stack library''' contains books and other items that are not available for viewing or browsing by the general public. Many important libraries close their stacks of books to the public, limiting retrieval to professional library staff only (policies on who may use the collections varies). Most private, larger public, and university/academic/research libraries who have open stacks also have special collections that are closed. Reasons for having closed stacks vary, and include preventing theft, vandalism, and minimizing reshelving errors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/closed-stack |title=Closed stack |date= |accessdate=2015-07-10 |quote=Having access to the stacks limited to the staff of the library or to a limited group of library users. |publisher=dictionary.com }}</ref>
==Examples== * Académie Nationale de Médecine in Paris, France * Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. The library contains rare books and original manuscripts. * {{lang|fr|Bibliothèque Nationale de France|italic=no}} in Paris, France * Boston Athenaeum<ref>[http://www.bostonathenaeum.org/collections/research-appointment] Boston Athenaeum's Research Appointment Information for the Special Collections Reading Room</ref> * British Library - most items in London and all items at Boston Spa in Yorkshire<ref>{{Cite web |title=How to order items |url=https://www.bl.uk/help/how-to-order-items |access-date=2022-09-17 |website=The British Library}}</ref> * Deering Library at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois * Fales Library on the third floor of the New York University Bobst Library in New York City. 200,000 volumes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nyu.edu/library/bobst/research/fales/ |title=The Fales Library & Special Collections |date= |accessdate=2015-07-01 |quote=We maintain a closed stacks reading room for scholarly access to our book collections, archival and manuscript collections, and media holdings. |publisher= Fales Library }}</ref> * Free Library of Philadelphia * Frick Art Reference Library in New York City. 285,000 books. 80,000 auction catalogs.<ref>[http://www.frick.org/library/collections.htm] Frick Library collection reference.</ref><ref>[http://www.frick.org/library/reference_services.htm] Frick Library reference to noncirculating materials</ref> * Leiden University Library in Leiden<ref>{{Cite web |title=Borrow - Leiden University |url=https://www.library.universiteitleiden.nl/using-the-library/borrowing/borrow |access-date=2022-09-17 |website=www.library.universiteitleiden.nl}}</ref> * The Library of Congress in Washington D.C.<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/rr/main/research/] Reference to using the closed stacks at the Library of Congress</ref> over 34,000,000 volumes as of 2010.<ref>List of libraries in the United States with more than five million volumes Library of Congress circulation listed</ref> * Research collections of The New York Public Library in New York City<ref>[http://www.nypl.org/research-divisions/] New York Public Library's Research Divisions</ref> * National Library of Australia in Canberra, Australia. 10 million volumes<ref>[https://www.nla.gov.au/facts-and-figures] National Library of Australia Facts and Figures</ref> * National Library of Finland in Helsinki, Finland<ref>[http://www.nationallibrary.fi/services/kokoelmat/avokokoelmajasuljetunvarastonkokoelma.html] National Library of Finland mentions its closed stacks on their website</ref> * Radcliffe Science Library at the University of Oxford, England * Ralph Brown Draughon Library at Auburn University in Auburn, Alabama. * The Rare Book & Manuscript Library and the Bookstacks of the Main Library at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.library.illinois.edu/learn/users/visitors.html#circ |title=Bookstacks Access |date= |accessdate=2015-07-01 |quote=... access to this area is restricted to faculty and graduate students of the University of Illinois and those patrons with special access cards |publisher=The Rare Book & Manuscript Library }}</ref> * Rauner Special Collections Library at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.library.dartmouth.edu/rauner/visit#:~:text=Except%20for%20reference%20stacks%20along,as%20bookmarks%20if%20you%20need. |title=Expectations in the Reading Room |date= |website= Dartmouth Libraries |accessdate=17 February 2026 |quote=Except for reference stacks along the perimeter of the reading room, the Special Collections stacks are closed to browsing. |publisher=Trustees of Dartmouth College}}</ref> * Regenstein Library at the University of Chicago<ref>[https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/] University of Chicago's Special Collections</ref> * Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library at Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey. Original manuscripts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.princeton.edu/~mudd/research/rules.html |title=Mudd Library's Rules and Regulations |date= |accessdate=2015-07-01 |quote=The collections are non-circulating and are used only in designated reading rooms. |publisher=Princeton University |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408142547/http://www.princeton.edu/~mudd/research/rules.html |archive-date=2015-04-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * The Special Collections division of the University at Buffalo Libraries in Amherst, NY, which includes the Poetry Collection, Archives, and Rare Books.<ref>[http://library.buffalo.edu/libraries/specialcollections/about/policies.php] University at Buffalo's Collections policies page, including closed stacks policy.</ref> * State of Arizona Research Library, a division of the Secretary of State of Arizona in Phoenix, AZ, which includes the Arizona Collection, the Federal Documents Collection, the Arizona State Government Publications Collection, a map collection, a law collection, and the largest collection of Arizona newspapers in Arizona.<ref>[https://azlibrary.gov/starl] State of Arizona Research Library</ref> * Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives on the tenth floor of the New York University Bobst Library in New York City. 75,000 volumes.<ref>[http://www.nyu.edu/library/bobst/research/tam/collections.html] Reference to New York University's Tamiment Library using a closed stack system</ref> * Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Canada<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library Accessing the Collections |url=https://fisher.library.utoronto.ca/services/accessing-collections |access-date=2022-09-17 |website=Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library |language=en}}</ref> * Bruce Peel Special Collections at the University of Alberta Library<ref>[https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/] Bruce Peel Special Collections Library at the University of Alberta</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
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