List of Roman dams and reservoirs

{{Short description|none}} [[File:Roman Cornalvo dam, Extremadura, Spain. Pic 01.jpg|thumb|Cornalvo Dam in Spain, erected in the 1st–2nd century AD]] [[File:La digue du lac de Homs, retenant les eaux de l'Oronte, avec sa tour romaine.jpg|thumb|Lake Homs Dam in Syria, erected in 284 AD (photographed 1921)]]

This is a '''list of Roman dams and reservoirs'''. The study of Roman dam-building has received little scholarly attention in comparison to their other civil engineering activities,<ref>{{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=80}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|2000|p=331}}</ref> even though their contributions in this field have been ranked alongside their expertise in constructing the well-known Roman aqueducts, bridges, and roads.<ref>{{harnvb|Smith|1971|pp=25f.}}</ref>

Roman dam construction began in earnest in the early imperial period.<ref name="Hodge 1992, 87"/> For the most part, it concentrated on the semi-arid fringe of the empire, namely the provinces of North Africa, the Near East, and Hispania.<ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|p=28, fig. 7}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=80}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|2000|p=332}}</ref> The relative abundance of Spanish dams below is due partly to more intensive field work there; for Italy only the Subiaco Dams, created by emperor Nero (54–68 AD) for recreational purposes, are attested.<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1970|pp=60f.}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=87}}</ref> These dams are noteworthy, though, for their extraordinary height, which remained unsurpassed anywhere in the world until the Late Middle Ages.<ref name="Hodge 1992, 87"/>

The most frequent dam types were earth- or rock-filled embankment dams and masonry gravity dams.<ref>{{harnvb|Hodge|2000|pp=331f.}}</ref> These served a wide array of purposes, such as irrigation, flood control, river diversion, soil-retention, or a combination of these functions.<ref>{{harnvb|Hodge|1992|pp=86f.}}</ref> In this, Roman engineering did not differ fundamentally from the practices of older hydraulic societies.

"The Romans' ability to plan and organise engineering construction on a grand scale" gave their dam construction special distinction.<ref name="Smith 1971, 49">{{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=49}}</ref> Their engineering prowess, therefore, facilitated the construction of large and novel reservoir dams, which secured a permanent water supply for urban settlements even during the dry season, a common concept today, but little-understood and -employed in ancient times.<ref>{{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=49}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|1992|pp=79f.}}</ref>

The impermeability of Roman dams was increased by the introduction of waterproof hydraulic mortar and especially Roman concrete in the Roman architectural revolution. These materials also allowed for bigger structures to be built,<ref name="Smith 1971, 49"/> like the Lake Homs Dam, possibly the largest water barrier to date,<ref name="Smith 1971, 42"/> and the sturdy Harbaqa Dam, both of which consist of a concrete core.

On the whole, Roman dam engineering displayed a high degree of completeness and innovativeness.<ref name="Smith 1971, 49"/> While hitherto dams relied solely on their heavy weight to resist the thrust of water, Roman builders were the first to realize the stabilizing effect of arches and buttresses, which they integrated into their dam designs. Previously unknown dam types introduced by the Romans include: *arch-gravity dams <ref>{{harnvb|Hodge|2000|p=332}}; {{harnvb|James|Chanson|2002}}</ref> *arch dams <ref name="Earliest known arch dam"/> *buttress dams <ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1987b|pp=59–62}}</ref> *multiple-arch buttress dams <ref name="Earliest known multiple arch buttress dam"/>

The origin of the so-called weir bridges, which were to become a popular design in Iran thereafter, can also be traced to the forced labour of Roman prisoners of war (see Band-e Kaisar).<ref name="Vogel 1987, 50"/>

== List == This list is sorted by maximum height. All measurements are in m; in case of differing values, more recent respectively more detailed studies were given preference. In earth dams, thickness refers to the masonry wall.

{| class="wikitable sortable" ! width="8%" | Height ! width="8%" | Thickness ! width="8%" | Crest length ! width="20%" | Name ! width="10%" | Country ! width="8%" | Date ! width="38%" | Type / Comments |- |{{Sort|5000|50}} |{{Sort|1350|13.5}} |{{Sort|007000|{{0|11}}70?}} |Subiaco Dams<ref>{{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=82, table 39}}; thickness is at crest: {{harvnb|Smith|1970|p=61}}</ref> |Italy |{{Sort|1st c.|54–68 AD}} |Gravity dam. Devised as pleasure lake for Nero, the dam was the highest in the Roman Empire,<ref>{{harnvb|Smith|1970|pp=60f.}}; {{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=26}}; {{harvnb|Schnitter|1978|p=28}}</ref> and in the world until its destruction in 1305.<ref name="Hodge 1992, 87">{{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=87}}</ref> |- |{{Sort|3400|34.0}} |{{Sort|3800|38.0}} |{{Sort|012000|{{0|1}}120.0}} |Almonacid de la Cuba Dam<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003">{{harnvb|Arenillas|Castillo|2003}}</ref> |Spain |1st c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|2800|28.0}} |{{Sort|2600|26.0}} |{{Sort|019400|{{0|1}}194.0}} |Cornalvo Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam, still in use |- |{{Sort|2160|21.6}} |{{Sort|0590|{{0|1}}5.9}} |{{Sort|042780|{{0|1}}427.8}} |Proserpina Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam, still in use |- |{{Sort|2100|21}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|036500|{{0|1}}365}} |Harbaqa Dam<ref name="Schnitter 1978, 31">{{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|p=31}}</ref> |Syria |2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|2000|20.0}} |{{Sort|0399|{{0|1}}4.0?}} |{{Sort|080001|>800.0}} |Alcantarilla Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. BC |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|1660|16.6}} |{{Sort|0690|{{0|1}}6.9}} |{{Sort|008000|{{0|11}}80.0}} |Ermita de la Virgen del Pilar Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|1600|16}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|004000|{{0|11}}40}} |Orükaya <ref name="Schnitter 1987a, 12">{{harnvb|Schnitter|1987a|p=12}}</ref> |Turkey |2nd c. |Arch-gravity dam<ref name="James, Chanson, 2002">{{harnvb|James|Chanson|2002}}</ref> |- |{{Sort|1300|13.0}} |{{Sort|0700|{{0|1}}7.0?}} |{{Sort|006000|{{0|11}}60.0}} |Muel Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|1200|12}} |{{Sort|0390|{{0|1}}3.9}} |{{Sort|001800|{{0|11}}18}} |Glanum Dam<ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|pp=31f.}}</ref> |France |{{Sort|0000|1st c. BC}} |Arch dam, earliest known<ref name="Earliest known arch dam">{{harnvb|Smith|1971|pp=33–35}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|pp=31f.}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1987a|p=12}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1987c|p=80}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|2000|p=332, fn. 2}}</ref> |- |{{Sort|1200|12}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|013000|{{0|1}}130}} |Löstügun <ref name="Schnitter 1987a, 13">{{harnvb|Schnitter|1987a|p=13}}</ref> |Turkey |6th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|1000|10}} |{{Sort|0730|{{0|1}}7.3}} |{{Sort|015000|{{0|1}}150}} |Kasserine Dam<ref>{{harnvb|Smith|1971|pp=35f.}}</ref> |Tunisia |2nd c. |Arch-gravity dam<ref name="James, Chanson, 2002"/> |- |{{Sort|0840|{{0|1}}8.4}} |{{Sort|0270|{{0|1}}2.7}} |{{Sort|006800|{{0|11}}68.0}} |La Pared de los Moros <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0700|{{0|1}}7.0}} |{{Sort|0200|{{0|1}}2.0}} |{{Sort|005000|{{0|11}}50.0}} |Arroyo Salado <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0700|{{0|1}}7}} |{{Sort|2000|{{0|1}}20}} |{{Sort|200000|2000}} |Lake of Homs dam<ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|p=31}}; thickness: {{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=91}}</ref> |Syria |3rd c. |Gravity dam, largest artificial reservoir to date (capacity of 90 million m³), still in use<ref name="Smith 1971, 42">{{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=42}}</ref> |- |{{Sort|0700|{{0|1}}7}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|019300|{{0|1}}193}} |Ma'agan Michael (West) <ref name="Schnitter 1987a, 13"/> |Israel |4th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0700|{{0|1}}7}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|008000|{{0|11}}80}} |Çavdarhisar<ref name="Schnitter 1987a, 12"/> |Turkey |2nd c. |Arch-gravity dam<ref name="James, Chanson, 2002"/> |- |{{Sort|0700|{{0|1}}7}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|005000|{{0|11}}50}} |Roman dam of Belas<ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1987a|p=12}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1987b|p=60, table 1}}</ref> |Portugal |2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0610|~6.1}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Qasr Khubbaz <ref>{{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=39}}</ref> |Syria |? |? |- |{{Sort|0599|{{0|1}}6.0?}} |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|005000|{{0|11}}50.0}} |Arévalo<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0560|{{0|1}}5.6}} |{{Sort|0220|{{0|1}}2.2}} |{{Sort|032000|{{0|1}}320.0}} |Esparragalejo Dam<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st c. |Multiple-arch buttress dam, earliest known<ref name="Earliest known multiple arch buttress dam">{{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|p=29}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1987b|pp=60, table 1, 62}}; {{harnvb|James|Chanson|2002}}; {{harnvb|Arenillas|Castillo|2003}}</ref> |- |{{Sort|0520|{{0|1}}5.2}} |{{Sort|0190|{{0|1}}1.9}} |{{Sort|009500|{{0|11}}95.0}} |Las Tomas <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |4th c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0500|{{0|1}}5}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|009100|{{0|11}}91}} |Wadi Megenin <ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1987b|p=60, table 1}}</ref> |Libya |2nd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0480|{{0|1}}4.8}} |{{Sort|0260|{{0|1}}2.6}} |{{Sort|063200|>632.0}} |Consuegra Dam<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd–4th c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0460|{{0|1}}4.6}} |{{Sort|0420|{{0|1}}4.2}} |{{Sort|017400|{{0|1}}174}} |Muro Dam<ref name="Decker 1991, 78f.">{{harnvb|Decker|1991|pp=78f. (no. 4)}}</ref> |Portugal |? |? |- |{{Sort|0450|{{0|1}}4.5}} |{{Sort|0270|{{0|1}}2.7}} |{{Sort|014110|{{0|1}}141.1}} |El Paredón <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0450|{{0|1}}4.5}} |{{Sort|0250|{{0|1}}2.5}} |{{Sort|001950|{{0|11}}19.5}} |Melque VI <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0400|>4.0}} |{{Sort|0100|{{0|1}}1.0}} |{{Sort|010200|{{0|1}}102.0}} |Lower Iturranduz Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0400|{{0|1}}4.0}} |{{Sort|0560|{{0|1}}5.6}} |{{Sort|010000|{{0|1}}100.0}} |La Pesquera <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0400|{{0|1}}4}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|030000|{{0|1}}300}} |Böget <ref name="Schnitter 1987a, 12"/> |Turkey |2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0370|{{0|1}}3.7}} |{{Sort|0180|{{0|1}}1.8}} |{{Sort|013900|{{0|1}}139.0}} |Araya <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0360|{{0|1}}3.6}} |{{Sort|0350|{{0|1}}3.5}} |{{Sort|009780|{{0|11}}97.8}} |Vega de Sta. María <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0350|{{0|1}}3.5}} |{{Sort|0200|{{0|1}}2.0}} |{{Sort|004000|{{0|11}}40.0}} |Arroyo Bejarano <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0301|>3.0}} |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|017000|{{0|1}}170.0}} |Charca de Valverde <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0340|{{0|1}}3.4}} |{{Sort|020000|{{0|1}}200.0}} |Las Muelas <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0299|{{0|1}}3.0?}} |{{Sort|002900|{{0|11}}29.0}} |Azud de la Rechuela <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0230|{{0|1}}2.3}} |{{Sort|003000|{{0|11}}30.0}} |Les Parets Antiques <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd–4th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0220|{{0|1}}2.2}} |{{Sort|015000|{{0|1}}150.0}} |Villafranca <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–3rd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0290|{{0|1}}2.9}} |{{Sort|004000|{{0|11}}40.0}} |Roman Dam of Pego da Moura |Portugal |? |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0180|{{0|1}}1.8}} |{{Sort|009800|{{0|11}}98.0}} |Valhermoso Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0300|{{0|1}}3.0}} |{{Sort|0150|{{0|1}}1.5}} |{{Sort|003000|{{0|11}}30.0}} |Castillo de Bayuela<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–3rd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0299|{{0|1}}3.0?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |San Martín de la Montiña <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0250|{{0|1}}2.5}} |{{Sort|0500|{{0|1}}5.0}} |{{Sort|010000|{{0|1}}100.0}} |Cañada del Huevo <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0250|{{0|1}}2.5}} |{{Sort|0150|{{0|1}}1.5}} |{{Sort|002500|{{0|11}}25.0}} |Pineda o Ca'La Verda <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0240|{{0|1}}2.4}} |{{Sort|0120|{{0|1}}1.2}} |{{Sort|008000|{{0|11}}80.0}} |Paerón I <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0220|{{0|1}}2.2}} |{{Sort|0100|{{0|1}}1.0}} |{{Sort|001500|{{0|11}}15.0}} |Palomera Baja <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0220|{{0|1}}2.2?}} |{{Sort|0099|{{0|1}}1.0?}} |{{Sort|002999|{{0|11}}30.0?}} |El Peral <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0210|{{0|1}}2.1}} |{{Sort|0190|{{0|1}}1.9}} |{{Sort|004080|{{0|11}}40.8}} |Moracantá Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0200|>2.0}} |{{Sort|0250|{{0|1}}2.5}} |{{Sort|008000|{{0|11}}80.0}} |Los Paredones <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0200|>2.0}} |{{Sort|0080|{{0|1}}0.8}} |{{Sort|005199|{{0|11}}52.0–180?}} |La Cuba <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0200|{{0|1}}2}} |{{Sort|1000|10–12}} |{{Sort|051600|{{0|1}}516}} |Band-e Kaisar<ref>{{harnvb|Schnitter|1987a|p=13}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|2000|pp=337f.}}</ref> |Iran |3rd c. |Gravity dam, earliest dam-bridge (weir combined with arch bridge)<ref name="Vogel 1987, 50">{{harnvb|Vogel|1987|p=50}}</ref> |- |{{Sort|0200|{{0|1}}2.0}} |{{Sort|0100|{{0|1}}1.0}} |{{Sort|005600|{{0|11}}56.0}} |Puy Foradado Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–3rd c. |Arch-gravity dam<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |- |{{Sort|0160|{{0|1}}1.6}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Las Mezquitas <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0151|>1.5}} |{{Sort|0110|{{0|1}}1.1}} |{{Sort|003000|{{0|11}}30.0}} |Paerón II <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st–2nd c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0150|{{0|1}}1.5}} |{{Sort|0080|{{0|1}}0.8}} |{{Sort|003500|{{0|11}}35.0}} |El Pont d'Armentera<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–4th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0130|{{0|1}}1.3}} |{{Sort|0160|{{0|1}}1.6}} |{{Sort|023000|{{0|1}}230.0}} |El Hinojal (Las Tiendas) <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd–4th c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0130|{{0|1}}1.3}} |{{Sort|0140|{{0|1}}1.4}} |{{Sort|001470|{{0|11}}14.7}} |El Argamasón <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd–3rd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0120|{{0|1}}1.2}} |{{Sort|0240|{{0|1}}2.4}} |{{Sort|003000|{{0|11}}30.0}} |Balsa de Cañaveral <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |4th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0110|{{0|1}}1.1}} |{{Sort|0070|{{0|1}}0.7}} |{{Sort|001340|{{0|11}}13.4}} |Río Frío <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0090|>0.9}} |{{Sort|0070|{{0|1}}0.7}} |{{Sort|000760|{{0|111}}7.6}} |El Peral II <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0090|{{0|1}}0.9}} |{{Sort|0070|{{0|1}}0.7}} |{{Sort|004000|{{0|11}}40.0}} |Azud de los Moros <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |1st c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0080|>0.8}} |{{Sort|0160|{{0|1}}1.6}} |{{Sort|007000|{{0|11}}60.0–80.0}} |Valencia del Ventoso<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd–4th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0080|>0.8}} |{{Sort|0101|{{0|1}}1.1}} |{{Sort|005000|{{0|11}}50.0}} |El Chaparral <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd–4th c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0070|{{0|1}}0.7}} |{{Sort|015000|{{0|1}}150.0}} |Higher Iturranduz Dam <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |3rd–4th c. |Buttress dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Leptis Magna (Wadi Caam I) <ref name="Smith 1971, 37"/> |Libya |2nd–3rd c.? |? |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|090000|{{0|1}}900}} |Leptis Magna (Wadi Caam II) <ref name="Smith 1971, 37">{{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=37}}</ref> |Libya |2nd–3rd c.? |? |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Leptis Magna (Wadi Lebda) <ref>{{harnvb|Smith|1971|p=36}}</ref> |Libya |2nd–3rd c.? |Buttressed dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Las Adelfas <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |2nd c. |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Monroy<ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Odrón y Linares <ref name="Arenillas & Castillo 2003"/> |Spain |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Soufeiye <ref name="Schnitter 1987a, 12"/> |Syria |? |Gravity dam |- |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|0000|{{0|1}}?}} |{{Sort|000000|{{0|11}}?}} |Dara Dam |Turkey |{{Sort|6th c.|560 AD}} |Arch dam, earliest description of arch action in such types of dam by Procopius (''De Aedificiis'' II.3)<ref>{{harvnb|Smith|1971|pp=53f.}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1978|p=32}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1987a|p=13}}; {{harnvb|Schnitter|1987c|p=80}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|1992|p=92}}; {{harnvb|Hodge|2000|p=332, fn. 2}}</ref> |}

== References == {{reflist|30em}}

== Sources == *{{Citation | last1 = Arenillas | first1 = Miguel | last2 = Castillo | first2 = Juan C. | title = Dams from the Roman Era in Spain. Analysis of Design Forms (with Appendix) | journal = 1st International Congress on Construction History [20th–24th January] | publication-place = Madrid | year = 2003 | url = http://www.traianvs.net/textos/presas_in.htm#_ednref4 }} *{{Citation | last = Decker | first = Alexander | editor-last = Garbrecht | editor-first = Günther | contribution = Einige römische Talsperren im heutigen Portugal | title = Historische Talsperren | place = Stuttgart | publisher = Verlag Konrad Wittwer | year = 1991 | volume = 2 | pages = 73–81 | isbn = 3-87919-158-1 }} *{{Citation | last = Hodge | first = A. Trevor | title = Roman Aqueducts & Water Supply | place = London | publisher = Duckworth | year = 1992 | isbn = 0-7156-2194-7 }} *{{Citation | last = Hodge | first = A. Trevor | editor-last = Wikander | editor-first = Örjan | editor-link = Örjan Wikander | contribution = Reservoirs and Dams | title = Handbook of Ancient Water Technology | series = Technology and Change in History | volume = 2 | year = 2000 | publisher = Brill | location = Leiden | isbn = 90-04-11123-9 | pages = 331–339 }} *{{Citation | last1 = James | first1 = Patrick | last2 = Chanson | first2 = Hubert | title = Historical Development of Arch Dams. From Roman Arch Dams to Modern Concrete Designs | journal = Australian Civil Engineering Transactions | volume = CE43 | year = 2002 | pages = 39–56 | url = http://www.traianvs.net/textos/archdams_en.htm }} *{{Citation | last = Schnitter | first = Niklaus | title = Römische Talsperren | journal = Antike Welt | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 25–32 | year = 1978 }} *{{Citation | last = Schnitter | first = Niklaus | editor-last = Garbrecht | editor-first = Günther | contribution = Verzeichnis geschichtlicher Talsperren bis Ende des 17. Jahrhunderts | title = Historische Talsperren | place = Stuttgart | publisher = Verlag Konrad Wittwer | year = 1987a | volume = 1 | pages = 9–20 | isbn = 3-87919-145-X }} *{{Citation | last = Schnitter | first = Niklaus | editor-last = Garbrecht | editor-first = Günther | contribution = Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Pfeilerstaumauer | title = Historische Talsperren | place = Stuttgart | publisher = Verlag Konrad Wittwer | year = 1987b | volume = 1 | pages = 57–74 | isbn = 3-87919-145-X }} *{{Citation | last = Schnitter | first = Niklaus | editor-last = Garbrecht | editor-first = Günther | contribution = Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Bogenstaumauer | title = Historische Talsperren | place = Stuttgart | publisher = Verlag Konrad Wittwer | year = 1987c | volume = 1 | pages = 75–96 | isbn = 3-87919-145-X }} *{{Citation | last = Smith | first = Norman | title = The Roman Dams of Subiaco | journal = Technology and Culture | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 58–68 | year = 1970 | doi=10.2307/3102810 | jstor = 3102810 | s2cid = 111915102 }} *{{Citation | last = Smith | first = Norman | title = A History of Dams | place = London | publisher = Peter Davies | year = 1971 | pages = 25–49 | isbn = 0-432-15090-0 }} *{{Citation | last = Vogel | first = Alexius | editor-last = Garbrecht | editor-first = Günther | contribution = Die historische Entwicklung der Gewichtsmauer | title = Historische Talsperren | place = Stuttgart | publisher = Verlag Konrad Wittwer | year = 1987 | volume = 1 | pages = 47–56 | isbn = 3-87919-145-X }}

== Further reading == * Vita-Finzi, Claudio (1961), "Roman Dams in Tripolitania", ''Antiquity'' '''35''': 14–20

== External links == {{Commons category-inline|Ancient Roman dams|Roman dams}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080528061612/http://traianus.rediris.es/ Traianus] – Technical investigation of Roman public works (see section ''Saeptum Fluminum'') *[http://mcv.revues.org/1874 "Barrages romains du Portugal. Types et fonctions"], ''Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez'' (2006) {{in lang|fr}}

Roman *List of Roman dams and reservoirs * Dams and reservoirs