{{Other uses|Lipson (disambiguation){{!}}Lipson}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}} {{Use Australian English|date=March 2013}} {{Infobox body of water | name = Lipson Cove | image = | image_size = | caption = | pushpin_map = Australia South Australia | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[South Australia]] | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = [[South Australia]] | coords = {{coord|34|15|36|S|136|15|47|E|type:waterbody_region:AU_region:AU-SA|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = <ref name=PLB>{{cite web|title="Search results for Lipson Cove (Bay)"(Record No. SA0039616) |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/# |publisher=Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure |access-date=28 March 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010923/http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/ |archive-date=12 October 2016 }}</ref> | type = [[Bay]] | etymology = [[Thomas Lipson]]<ref name=PLB/> | part_of = [[Spencer Gulf]] | inflow = | outflow = | catchment = | basin_countries = [[Australia]] | designation = | length = about{{convert|1.1|km|abbr=on}}<ref name=SLSA/> | width = | area = | depth = {{convert|5.5|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=NGA>{{cite enroute|175|2017|191}}</ref> | max-depth = | volume = | residence_time = | salinity = | shore = | temperature_high = | temperature_low = | frozen = | islands = [[Lipson Island]] | trenches = | benches = | cities = [[Lipson, South Australia|Lipson]] }} '''Lipson Cove''' is a tranquil sandy [[bay]] in the Australian state of [[South Australia]] on the east coast of [[Eyre Peninsula]] overlooking [[Spencer Gulf]]. It features in the 2012 book ''101 Best Australian Beaches'' by Andy Short and [[Brad Farmer]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=101 Best Australian Beaches|last1=Short|first1=Andy|last2=Farmer|first2=Brad|publisher=NewSouth Publishing|year=2012|isbn=9781742233222|location=Sydney, New South Wales, Australia|pages=98–99}}</ref>
==Location and access== Lipson Cove lies 215 km west-northwest of [[Adelaide]] and 63 km northeast of [[Port Lincoln]]. The nearest townships are [[Lipson, South Australia|Lipson]], inland to the southwest and [[Port Neill]] to the north east. It can be accessed from the [[Lincoln Highway, South Australia|Lincoln Highway]] via the Lipson Cove Road. The road is unsealed, but well maintained and always passable for 2-wheel drive vehicles. Basic camping facilities are present behind the dunes near the foreshore.
==History and development== Lipson Cove is part of the [[Barngarla]] Aboriginal country. Its original [[Barngarla language|Barngarla]] name is ''Boodloo''.<ref>[[Ghil'ad Zuckermann|Zuckermann, Ghil'ad]] and the Barngarla (2019), [https://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/ghilad.zuckermann?dsn=directory.file;field=data;id=41076;m=view''Barngarlidhi Manoo (Speaking Barngarla Together)''], Barngarla Language Advisory Committee. ([https://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/ghilad.zuckermann?dsn=directory.file;field=data;id=41096;m=view ''Barngarlidhi Manoo'' – Part II])</ref>{{rp|78}}
The name Lipson Cove was given in 1840 by Governor George Gawler after [[Thomas Lipson]] R.N., who was South Australia's first harbor master and collector of customs.
A privately owned timber jetty was built there in 1882 some 330 feet long.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1883-12-31|title=HARBOURS AND JETTIES.|pages=6|work=South Australian Register (Adelaide, SA : 1839 – 1900)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43607676|access-date=2020-06-18}}</ref> It cost £1,116 to construct<ref>{{Cite news|date=1884-04-12|title=MARINE BOARD.|pages=7|work=South Australian Weekly Chronicle (Adelaide, SA : 1881 – 1889)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article93150470|access-date=2020-06-18}}</ref> and was extended in 1905. In its early days, it was used to ship wool from Warratta Station. A shearing shed stood near the jetty where the excavations of an underground tank remain.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=1949-02-24|title=Sale of Lipson Cove Jetty|pages=5|work=Port Lincoln Times (SA : 1927 – 1954)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article96778319|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref> During its working life, the jetty enabled trade in wool, wheat and other goods. In 1931 it was announced that the Harbors Board could no longer justify repairing the jetty.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1931-10-02|title=Jetty to be Closed|pages=1|work=Port Lincoln Times (SA : 1927 – 1954)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article96610567|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref> Between 1924 and 1936, 14,035 bags of wheat were shipped via the jetty.<ref name=":2" /> It was demolished in 1949 and its timbers were sold.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/96778319 |title=24 Feb 1949 – Sale Of Lipson Cove Jetty – Trove |website=Trove.nla.gov.au |date=1949-02-24 |access-date=2016-12-10}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> Some partial jetty piles remain in place.
The cove is renowned for its shore-based fishing and an old [[talc]] mine which is located nearby. Coastal features include granite hills and cliffs which extend northwards from Lipson Cove to [[Port Neill, South Australia|Port Neill]]. It is also known for its camping, coastal and marine habitats and is regarded as a safe swimming beach.<ref name="SLSA">{{cite web|title=Lipson Cove, unpatrolled beach|url=http://beachsafe.org.au/beach/sa0691|publisher=Surf Life Saving Australia|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref> It has been a popular destination for visitors since the 20th century.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1934-03-16|title=LIPSON JOTTINGS|pages=5|work=Port Lincoln Times (SA : 1927 – 1954)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article96616176|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref>
Lipson Cove is also the site of the wreck of the [[ketch]], ''Three Sisters''. She was lost on 17 March 1899.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?52575 |title=WRECKSITE – THREE SISTERS KETCH (1 1/2 MAST) 1874–1899 |website=Wrecksite.eu |access-date=2016-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=1899-03-18|title=Current Topics.|pages=10|work=Chronicle (Adelaide, SA : 1895 – 1954)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article87783840|access-date=2020-06-18}}</ref> The remains of the wooden vessel can sometimes be seen protruding from the beach sand.
In 1919, the remains of an indigenous person's body were exposed by shifting sand at Lipson Cove. Some of the bones had [[shark]] teeth embedded in them.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1919-02-08|title=AN ANCIENT TRAGEDY REVEALED.|pages=2|work=Mail (Adelaide, SA : 1912 – 1954)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article63762346|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref>
=== Port proposals === The cove is adjacent to the proposed site of a bulk commodities export port known provisionally as [[Port Spencer]]. The project site lies immediately to the north of Lipson Cove. It was initially proposed by [[Centrex Metals]] for the export of iron ore, but the company abandoned the project and put the site up for sale. In 2018, [[agribusiness]] [[Free Eyre]] expressed interest in purchasing the land and developing a grain export port there instead. A revised proposal was released for public comment in early 2020. The potential environmental impacts of the port proposal have prompted [[protest]] from local residents and environmentalists,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.farmonline.com.au/story/3597965/farmers-fear-impact-of-ports/|title=Farmers fear impact of ports|last=McBRIDE|first=LOUISE|date=2012-12-07|work=Farm Online|access-date=2018-09-15|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fear for cove's future|url=https://www.portlincolntimes.com.au/story/6763754/fear-for-coves-future/|last=Fitzgerald|first=Lauren|date=2020-05-25|website=Port Lincoln Times|language=en|access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref> who are concerned about impacts to Lipson Cove and Lipson Island's recreational and ecological value.
The port could be completed in 2023.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-05-06/port-spencer-could-be-operating-by-next-years-harvest/101038838 | title=New grain port given go ahead, but concerns remain for penguin colony | publisher=ABC News |location=Australia| date=5 May 2022 }}</ref>
==Lipson Island Conservation Park== [[Lipson Island]] lies 150 metres out from the Lipson Cove beach can be accessed when the tide is low, but care must be taken not to become stranded as the tide rises. The island and surrounding intertidal zone constitute the [[Lipson Island Conservation Park]] which was proclaimed in 1967 and which is a designated [[International Union for Conservation of Nature|IUCN]] Category III "natural monument."<ref>{{cite web|title = Lipson Island {{!}} Protected Planet|url = http://www.protectedplanet.net/lipson-island-conservation-park|website = Protectedplanet.net|access-date = 2015-11-06}}</ref> The island is an important rookery for roosting sea birds, including colonies of [[black-faced cormorant]], [[crested tern]] and [[little penguin]]. The Lipson Island little penguin colony is significant owing to its stable population, while most others of known status in Spencer Gulf are either in decline or have gone extinct. [[Sooty oystercatchers]] have also been recorded on the island and [[New Zealand fur seals]] visit and haul out there occasionally.<ref name=":0" />
Little penguins are known to the area from at least 1954.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1954-12-16|title=Spearfishermen Visit Lipson Cove|pages=3|work=Port Lincoln Times (SA : 1927 – 1954)|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article97177416|access-date=2020-06-18}}</ref>
Lipson Island also bears the alternative French name of ''Ile [[d'Alembert]], ''so named by French explorer [[Nicolas Baudin]].
==Wildlife== Species of conservation significance known to inhabit or visit the area include [[hooded plovers]], [[fairy terns]], [[white-bellied sea eagles]], [[great white sharks]], [[southern right whales]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.victorharbortimes.com.au/story/3324791/returned-visitors-photos/?cs=1537|title=Returned visitors {{!}} PHOTOS|last=Media|first=Australian Community Media – Fairfax|date=2015-09-03|work=The Times|access-date=2017-07-30|language=en}}</ref> and [[bottlenose dolphins]].<ref name=":0">Atlas of Living Australia [http://biocache.ala.org.au/explore/your-area#-34.25889302473094|136.26104298056634|14|ALL_SPECIES "Lipson Cove – All Species within 1km radius"]. Retrieved 2013-11-05.</ref> Migratory shorebirds known to visit the area include the [[Sanderling]] and [[Sharp-tailed sandpiper]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Lipson Cove, Lipson Island & Rogers Beach, South Australia|url=https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/lipson-cove-lipson-island-rogers-beach-south-australia|access-date=2020-06-22|website=iNaturalist|language=en}}</ref>
Introduced species observed in the area include the [[red fox]], [[Rock dove|rock pigeon]] and [[Common starling|European starling]].<ref name=":1" />
As of July 2020, some 92 different organisms have been identified from Lipson Cove, Lipson Island and the surrounding beaches to the north and south.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lipson Cove, Lipson Island & Rogers Beach, South Australia|url=https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/lipson-cove-lipson-island-rogers-beach-south-australia|access-date=2020-07-12|website=iNaturalist|language=en}}</ref> In addition to those iNaturalist observations, the Atlas of Living Australia shows records of 268 species within a 5 km radius of Lipson Cove.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Explore Your Area {{!}} Atlas of Living Australia|url=https://biocache.ala.org.au/explore/your-area#-34.2592%7C136.2626%7C12%7CALL_SPECIES|access-date=2020-07-12|website=biocache.ala.org.au}}</ref>
In 2022, local resident Keira Berryman was awarded Young Citizen of the Year by the Tumby Bay Council for her work promoting the environment at Lipson Cove. In 2021, she received a grant to install a sign at the cove that draws visitors' attention to three iconic species: the bottlenose dolphin, little penguin and white-bellied sea eagle.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Delaney|first=Jarrad|date=2022-01-26|title=Tumby celebrates citizens' achievements for Australia Day|url=https://www.portlincolntimes.com.au/story/7595831/tumby-celebrates-citizens-achievements-for-australia-day/|access-date=2022-01-27|website=Port Lincoln Times|language=en-AU}}</ref>
==Gallery== <gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4"> Image:Lipson Island Conservation Fairy Penguin.jpg|Little penguin in burrow on Lipson Island, [[Spencer Gulf]], South Australia Image:Crested Terns Lipson Cove Conservation Park.jpg|Crested terns at Lipson Cove, [[Spencer Gulf]], South Australia Image:Lipson Cove Dolphins.jpg|[[Bottlenosed dolphins]] at Lipson Cove, [[Spencer Gulf]], South Australia Image:Southern Right Whales Lipson Cove.jpg|[[Southern right whale]] at Lipson Cove, [[Spencer Gulf]], South Australia. Lipson Island Conservation Park appears in the background. </gallery>
==See also== *[[List of little penguin colonies]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Eyre Peninsula |state=autocollapse}} {{Bays of South Australia |state=autocollapse}}
[[Category:Bays of South Australia]] [[Category:Eyre Peninsula]] [[Category:Spencer Gulf]] [[Category:Seabird colonies]] [[Category:Coves of Australia]]