Leopold Demuth

[[File:Leopold Demuth als „Vagabund“ (Leroux) 1909 Grillich.jpg|thumb|'''Leopold Demuth''' as the ''Vagabond'' in Xavier Leroux's opera.<ref>[https://data.bnf.fr/15598535/xavier_leroux_le_chemineau/ ''Le Chemineau''] on BnF.</ref> (Photo: Grillich, 1909)]]

'''Leopold Demuth''' (real name ''Leopold Pokorny'' (2 November 1861 in Brno – 4 March 1910 in Czernowitz) was a Moravian operatic baritone.<ref name="Grove">{{Cite encyclopedia |date=2001 |title=Demuth [Pokorny], Leopold|encyclopedia=Grove Music Online |series=Oxford Music Online |publisher=Oxford University Press|author=J. B. Steane|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O901305}}</ref> He was celebrated in particular for his successful performances in works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Giuseppe Verdi and Richard Wagner.<ref> {{cite book|url=http://www.musiklexikon.ac.at/ml/musik_D/Demuth_Leopold.xml|chapter= Demuth (Pokorny), Leopold|author=Andrea Harrandt, Rudolf Flotzinger, Barbara Boisits|title=Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon|year=2002|doi=10.1553/0x0001cb83|s2cid= 246857318}}</ref>

== Life == Born Leopold Pokorny in Brno on November 2, 1861, Demuth was the son of a civil servant.<ref name="Grove"/> Before his singing career, he served in the military.<ref name="GS">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dsfq_5dFeL0C&q=Leopold%20Demuth|chapter=Demuth, Leopold|page=1101|title=Großes Sängerlexikon, Volume 4|author=Karl-Josef Kutsch, Leo Riemens, Hansjörg Rost|year=2012|isbn=9783598440885|publisher=De Gruyter}}</ref> He studied at the Vienna Conservatory with Josef Gänsbacher.<ref name="Grove"/> In 1889 he made his professional opera debut at the Halle Opera House as the title hero in Heinrich Marschner's ''Hans Heiling''.<ref name="Grove"/> From 1891 through 1896 he was a resident artist at the Leipzig Opera, and from 1896 through 1898 he was committed to the Hamburg State Opera.<ref name="GS"/>

In 1898 Demuth became a resident performer with the Vienna State Opera; a position he held until his death twelve years later.<ref name="GS"/> At that opera house he sang a total of 68 leading roles under the leadership of Gustav Mahler.<ref name="Grove"/> These included the first Falstaff heard at that theatre in 1904, and the first performance of Scarpia at that house in 1910.<ref name="Grove"/> He also created the role of Polixenes in the world premiere of Karl Goldmark's ''Ein Wintermärchen'' in 1908 with Bruno Walter leading the musical forces.<ref>{{cite book|page=68|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eFwzgkxoI30C&dq=Leopold+Demuth+Ein+Wintermärchen&pg=PA36|title=Bruno Walter: A World Elsewhere|author=Erik Ryding, Rebecca Pechefsky|year= 2008|isbn=9780300129274|publisher=Yale University Press}}</ref> That same year he performed the role of Sebastiano in the Vienna premiere of Eugen d'Albert's ''Tiefland''.<ref name="GS"/>

Demuth also appeared as a guest artist at several opera houses during his career, including the Berlin State Opera (1897), the Munich Opera Festival (1903 and 1905), and the New German Theatre, Prague (1907).<ref name="GS"/> In 1899 he performed the roles of Hans Sachs in ''Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg'' and Gunther in ''Götterdämmerung'' at the Bayreuth Festival.<ref name="Grove"/> Other opera houses he performed at as a guest included the Breslau Opera, the Cologne Opera, and the Frankfurt Opera.<ref name="GS"/>

Some of the other roles in Demuth's repertoire included Count Almaviva in Mozart's ''The Marriage of Figaro'', Guglielmo in Mozart's ''Così fan tutte'', Herr Fluth in Otto Nicolai's ''The Merry Wives of Windsor'', Jochanaan in Richard Strauss's ''Salome'', Johannes Freudhofer in Wilhelm Kienzl's ''Der Evangelimann'', King Solomon in Goldmark's ''Die Königin von Saba'', Kühleborn in Albert Lortzing's ''Undine'', Kunrad in Strauss's ''Feuersnot'', Renato in Verdi's ''Un ballo in maschera'', Telramund in Wagner's ''Lohengrin'', Tio Lucas in Hugo Wolf's ''Der Corregidor'', Tonio in ''Pagliacci'', Valentin in ''Faust'', Wolfram in Wagner's ''Tannhäuser'', Wotan in ''The Ring Cycle'', and the title roles in Mozart's ''Don Giovanni'', Giuseppe Verdi's ''Rigoletto'', Wagner's ''The Flying Dutchman'', and Karel Weis's 1901 opera ''Der polnische Jude''.<ref name="GS"/>

Demuth died on March 4, 1910, in Czernowitz (now Chernovtsy, Ukraine).<ref name="Grove"/> He was buried in the Vienna Central Cemetery. He made numerous recordings during the last decade of his life; the earliest in 1900 with Berliner Gramophone.<ref name="GS"/> He also made records with Deutsche Grammophon and the Gramophone Company.<ref name="GS"/> He was married to the actress Eugenie Lenau.<ref name="GS"/>

== References == {{Reflist}}

== Further reading== * Ludwig Eisenberg: ''Großes biographisches Lexikon der Deutschen Bühne im XIX. Jahrhundert''. Verlag von Paul List, Leipzig 1903, {{p.| 182}}). * {{ÖBL|1|178|178|Demuth, Leopold|}}

== External links == * {{DNB-Portal|116070323|TYP=Tonträger von}} * [https://www.allmusic.com/album/lebendige-vergangenheit-leopold-demuth-mw0001850400 Leopold Demuth] on AllMusic with sound extracts * [http://www.viennatouristguide.at/Friedhoefe/Zentralfriedhof/Index_Rest/html/33%20H_05_demuth.htm Leopold Demuth] grave in the Vienna Central Cemetery * [http://www.mediathek.at/atom/0E15D3E8-180-000C7-00046840-0E1286F9/ Leopold Demuth] recordings from the archives of the Österreichischen Mediathek: (''Wie aus der Ferne längst vergangener Zeiten'' from ''Der fliegende Holländer'')

{{DEFAULTSORT:Demuth, Leopold}} Category:1861 births Category:1910 deaths Category:Musicians from Brno Category:German operatic baritones Category:19th-century German male opera singers Category:20th-century German male opera singers Category:Burials at the Vienna Central Cemetery Category:Male singers from Austria-Hungary Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to Germany