Lennoxville, Quebec

{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}} {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2024}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Lennoxville | image_skyline = Lennoxville.jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Corner of Queen and College streets in downtown Lennoxville | image_map = Sherb politique.png | settlement_type = Borough | official_name = Borough of Sherbrooke | nickname = | pushpin_map = Canada Southern Quebec#Canada Quebec#Canada | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_label = | pushpin_map_caption = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Canada | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Quebec | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = Estrie | subdivision_type3 = RCM | subdivision_name3 = Sherbrooke | government_type = | leader_title = City councillor | leader_name = Claude Charron | leader_title1 = Borough councillor | leader_name1 = François Gilbert | established_title = Incorporated | established_date = 1871 | established_title1 = Merged | established_date1 = January 1, 2002 | area_magnitude = | unit_pref =  | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 27.81 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | population_as_of = 2021 | population_footnotes = <nowiki><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sherbrooke.ca/en/municipal-life/borough-councils/borough-of-lennoxville}}</ref></nowiki> | population_note = | population_total = 6233 | population_density_km2 = 224.12 | population_density_sq_mi = | population_urban = | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_density_urban_sq_mi = | population_blank1_title = | population_blank1 = | population_blank2_title = | population_blank2 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | timezone = EST | utc_offset = -5 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | coor_type = | leader_name2 = Bertrand Collins | leader_title2 = Borough councillor | coordinates = {{coord|45|21|58|N|71|51|22|W|region:CA-QC|display=inline}} | elevation_footnotes =  | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type =  | postal_code = | area_code = 819 | website = [https://archive.today/20121216014730/http://www.ville.sherbrooke.qc.ca/webconcepteur/web/VilledeSherbrooke/fr/arrondissements/lennoxville Borough of Lennoxville] | footnotes = }}

'''Lennoxville''' ({{IPA|fr|lɛnɔksvil}}) is an ''arrondissement'', or borough, of the city of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Lennoxville is located at the confluence of the St. Francis and Massawippi River, approximately {{convert|5|km|mi}} south of downtown Sherbrooke.

Lennoxville had previously existed as an independent city until January 1, 2002 when the city of Lennoxville, along with several other formerly independent towns and cities in the region, were merged with the city of Sherbrooke. A demerger referendum held on June 20, 2004 failed; while majority of voters favoured resurrecting Lennoxville as an independent city, not enough registered voters did so to meet the required quorum of votes for passage.<ref>{{cite web |title=Demerger vote will change map of Quebec |publisher=CBC News |date=2004-06-21 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/demerger-vote-will-change-map-of-quebec-1.472893 |access-date=2009-10-11}}</ref>

==History==

Lennoxville was first settled in 1819, although the Mallory family began farming at the edge of the eventual town limits in 1804. Its name was taken from Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond, who was then Governor General of Canada.

Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, lived in Lennoxville from 1867 to 1868 after being released on bail. He had spent two years imprisoned in Virginia awaiting his treason trial.<ref>[http://jeffersondavis.rice.edu/Chron.cfm?doc_id=1467 The Papers of Jefferson Davis] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071130055530/http://jeffersondavis.rice.edu/Chron.cfm?doc_id=1467 |date=2007-11-30 }}</ref> Two of his sons went to Bishop's College School.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://robertgrichardson.wordpress.com/2017/08/18/jefferson-davis/|title = Jefferson Davis, Lennoxville, Dispatches from Maine parts l and ll|date = 18 August 2017}}</ref>

The city's war memorial is located at 150 Queen Street.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=3848 |title=DHH - Memorials Details Search Results |website=www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402141141/http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=3848 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A plaque honouring those soldiers from Lennoxville involved in the NATO-led occupation and War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) was added in 2018.

==Government== {{Further|2025 Sherbrooke municipal election}}

In 2025, former Liberal MP Marie-Claude Bibeau<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sherbrooke |first=Ville de |title=Elected municipal officials |url=https://www.sherbrooke.ca/en/municipal-life/elected-municipal-officials |access-date=2026-03-29 |website=Ville de Sherbrooke}}</ref> was elected as mayor of Sherbrooke.

The borough is represented by one councillor on Sherbrooke City Council. Bertrand Collins<ref name=":0" /> was elected to this position in 2025. Two councillors also serve on the local borough council but not on the full city council Claude Charon and François Gilbert were elected to these roles in the 2025 Sherbrooke municipal election.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sherbrooke.ca/en/municipal-life/borough-councils/borough-of-lennoxville | title=Borough of Lennoxville }}</ref>

==Geography==

{{Weather box | name = Lennoxville | width = auto | metric first = yes | single line = single | trace = | location = Lennoxville  | Jan maximum humidex =14.9 | Feb maximum humidex =18.5 | Mar maximum humidex =27.0 | Apr maximum humidex =31.7 | May maximum humidex =38.4 | Jun maximum humidex =42.7 | Jul maximum humidex =46.3 | Aug maximum humidex =44.5 | Sep maximum humidex =39.6 | Oct maximum humidex =33.3 | Nov maximum humidex =25.9 | Dec maximum humidex =19.2 | year maximum humidex =46.3  | Jan record high C =17.0 | Feb record high C =18.2 | Mar record high C =25.8 | Apr record high C =29.6 | May record high C =34.9 | Jun record high C =34.0 | Jul record high C =34.0 | Aug record high C =32.9 | Sep record high C =33.8 | Oct record high C =27.2 | Nov record high C =22.9 | Dec record high C =17.7 | year record high C =34.9  | Jan high C =-4.1 | Feb high C =-2.3 | Mar high C =3.1 | Apr high C =10.8 | May high C =18.6 | Jun high C =23.3 | Jul high C =25.7 | Aug high C =24.8 | Sep high C =20.7 | Oct high C =13.0 | Nov high C =6.2 | Dec high C =-0.7 | year high C =11.6  | Jan mean C =-9.5 | Feb mean C =-8.3 | Mar mean C =-2.6 | Apr mean C =5.1 | May mean C =12.2 | Jun mean C =17.2 | Jul mean C =19.7 | Aug mean C =18.7 | Sep mean C =14.5 | Oct mean C =7.7 | Nov mean C =1.7 | Dec mean C =-5.2 | year mean C =5.9  | Jan low C =-14.9 | Feb low C =-14.3 | Mar low C =-8.3 | Apr low C =-0.6 | May low C =5.7 | Jun low C =11.0 | Jul low C =13.6 | Aug low C =12.7 | Sep low C =8.2 | Oct low C =2.5 | Nov low C =-2.8 | Dec low C =-9.6 | year low C =0.3  | Jan record low C =-44.4 | Feb record low C =-43.9 | Mar record low C =-40.0 | Apr record low C =-20.6 | May record low C =-6.7 | Jun record low C =-3.9 | Jul record low C =0.6 | Aug record low C =-1.1 | Sep record low C =-8.9 | Oct record low C =-11.1 | Nov record low C =-26.7 | Dec record low C =-44.4 | year record low C =-44.4  | precipitation colour = green  | Jan precipitation mm =75.8 | Feb precipitation mm =65.8 | Mar precipitation mm =68.2 | Apr precipitation mm =81.9 | May precipitation mm =85.3 | Jun precipitation mm =101.5 | Jul precipitation mm =99.2 | Aug precipitation mm =103.9 | Sep precipitation mm =96.3 | Oct precipitation mm =91.3 | Nov precipitation mm =70.2 | Dec precipitation mm =75.4 | year precipitation mm =1014.7  | unit precipitation days = 0.2. mm | Jan precipitation days =15.2 | Feb precipitation days =14.3 | Mar precipitation days =13.5 | Apr precipitation days =13.6 | May precipitation days =15.1 | Jun precipitation days =14.8 | Jul precipitation days =14.5 | Aug precipitation days =13.7 | Sep precipitation days =13.5 | Oct precipitation days =13.5 | Nov precipitation days =13.7 | Dec precipitation days =15.6 | year precipitation days =170.8

| source = <ref name="results_1991_2020_e">{{cite web |url=https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnProv&lstProvince=QC&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=116000000&dispBack=0 |title=Lennoxville Climate data 1991-2020 |publisher=Environment Canada |access-date=2026-02-03 }} </ref> }}

==Population==

=== Linguistic Profile === Historically, as with most of the Eastern Townships, Lennoxville originated as a predominantly anglophone community with an initially small francophone population. Today the population is almost evenly split between anglophones and francophones with francophones making up a plurality among native speakers (35.3%) whereas English is the language most spoken at home.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2443010&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Lennoxville&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Canada 2006 Census] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525030241/http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=2443010&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Lennoxville&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |date=2011-05-25 }}.</ref> Of the various districts in Sherbrooke (which itself began as an anglophone community but has since transformed into a city where French is the dominant language), Lennoxville has the largest proportion of English speakers remaining. Lennoxville is designated as a bilingual borough and municipal services are provided in both English and French.

=== Fluctuation === The population of Lennoxville is 6,233 permanent residents as of 2021, with an additional 3,000 residents for approximately 9 months of the year due to student populations at the local college and university.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sherbrooke |first=Ville de |title=Borough of Lennoxville |url=https://www.sherbrooke.ca/en/municipal-life/borough-councils/borough-of-lennoxville |access-date=2026-03-29 |website=Ville de Sherbrooke}}</ref>

==Education==

Several educational institutions are located in Lennoxville, including Bishop's University, Champlain Regional College, Bishop's College School and Alexander Galt Regional High School. During the school year, the population of Lennoxville increases significantly as students from elsewhere in Canada and around the world move to Lennoxville to attend school. Bishop's College School is home to Canada's oldest indoor ice hockey rink.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bishopscollegeschool.com/podium/default.aspx?t=23930 |title=Bishop's College School ~ Overview |access-date=2011-11-02 |archive-date=2011-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708004542/http://www.bishopscollegeschool.com/podium/default.aspx?t=23930 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

At Bishop's University, frosh week (orientation week) is held in the first week of the fall semester, which generally falls around the first week of September. Homecoming weekend is typically celebrated the last weekend of September, with a football game, gatherings of designated graduating classes, and various social functions.

Bishop's University is the only English-language university in the province of Quebec outside of Montreal<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-19 |title=Our Members - Consortium of English-language CEGEPS, Colleges and Universities of Quebec |url=https://consortiumquebec.ca/about/our-members/ |access-date=2026-03-29 |language=en-CA}}</ref>.

==Transportation== Quebec Routes 143 and 108 provide access to Lennoxville from surrounding communities and nearby Autoroute 10 and Autoroute 55 provide easy access to Montreal, Quebec City, and the United States. Autoroute 410 extends from 108 to further east, bypassing Lennoxville, with a bridge built over the Massawippi river and culminating at R-108 near Glenday Road, Alexander Galt Regional High School, and the Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre. The extension of Autoroute 410 redirects heavy truck traffic from downtown Lennoxville's often congested single intersection and was completed in 2021.<ref>Accessed 12 August 2025 in the original form in French, https://www.quebec.ca/nouvelles/actualites/details/lautoroute-410-entierement-accessible-aux-usagers-de-la-route</ref>

== Organized Crime == Lennoxville hosted a well-known headquarters for the Hell's Angels Motorcycle club on Queen street approximately halfway between Lennoxville and downtown Sherbrooke. It was a central hub during the Quebec Biker War, and continued to serve as a local headquarters for the gang until it was seized by police in 2009 as part of Opération SharQC. The headquarters would eventually be demolished in 2021 after spending 12 years abandoned.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Van Dyk |first=Spencer |date=June 30, 2021 |title=Hells Angels' bunker in Lennoxville, Que., demolished after sitting empty for a decade |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/hells-angels-bunker-in-lennoxville-que-demolished-after-sitting-empty-for-a-decade-1.6086708 |url-status=live |access-date=March 29, 2026 |work=CBC News}}</ref>

This headquarters was also the site of the Lennoxville massacre in 1985.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cherry |first=Paul |date=2015-03-24 |title=Hells Angels emerged stronger from Lennoxville Purge |url=https://montrealgazette.com/news/hells-angels-emerged-stronger-from-lennoxville-purge/ |access-date=2026-03-29 |website=Montreal Gazette |language=en-CA}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category}} *[https://archive.today/20121216014730/http://www.ville.sherbrooke.qc.ca/webconcepteur/web/VilledeSherbrooke/fr/arrondissements/lennoxville Borough of Lennoxville]

{{Coord|45|22|N|71|52|W|region:CA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}

Category:Populated places established in 1871 Category:Populated places disestablished in 2002 Category:Boroughs of Sherbrooke Category:Former cities in Quebec Category:Former municipalities in Quebec Category:Academic enclaves Category:1871 establishments in Quebec Category:2002 disestablishments in Quebec