Lendava

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Lendava |other_name = ''Lendva'' (Hungarian) |native_name =  |nickname = |settlement_type = Town |motto =  | image_skyline = {{Photomontage|position=center |photo1a = Lendava-Le chateau.jpg |photo2a = St Catherine church in Lendava (4).jpg |photo2b = Sinagoga lendava 0.JPG |photo3a = Glavna 40 in Lendava.jpg |photo3b = Lendva légi fotó5.jpg | photo4a = |size = 270 |spacing = 1 |color = |border = 1 }} | imagesize = | image_caption = <small>From top, left to right: Overview of Lendava, St. Catherine's Church, Synagogue, Old manor, Lendava Castle</small> |image_flag = Flag of Lendava.gif |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = Grb Občine Lendava.png |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Slovenia |pushpin_label_position =left |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Slovenia |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flagicon image|Flag of Slovenia.svg}} Slovenia |subdivision_type1 = Traditional region |subdivision_name1 = Prekmurje |subdivision_type2 = Statistical region |subdivision_name2 = Mura |subdivision_type3 = Municipality |subdivision_name3 = Lendava |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes =<ref name="SURS">{{cite web |title=Naselje Lendava |url=https://www.stat.si/KrajevnaImena/Settlements/Details/2245 |website=Statistični urad Republike Slovenije |access-date=16 February 2020}}</ref> |area_total_km2 = 5.66 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of =2019 |population_footnotes =<ref name="SURS"/> |population_note = |population_total =2942 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|46|33|47|N|16|27|7|E|region:SI|display=inline,title}} | elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 161.1 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |registration_plate = MS |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }}

'''Lendava''' ({{IPA|sl|ˈléːndaʋa|pron|Sl-Lendava.ogg}}; formerly ''Dolnja Lendava'', in older sources also ''Dolenja Lendava''; {{langx|hu|Lendva}}, formerly ''Alsólendva''; {{langx|de|Lindau}}, formerly ''Unter-Limbach'') is a town in Slovenia in the region of Prekmurje. It is the seat of the Municipality of Lendava. It forms part of the border crossing with Hungary at Dolga Vas–Rédics and it is near the border with Croatia at Mursko Središće. Alongside Slovene, Hungarian serves as an official language of the municipality.

The town is the centre of the Hungarian minority in Slovenia. It is also known for the monumental theater and Hungarian Community Centre designed by the architect Imre Makovecz.

==Name== The town is named after the Ledava River; the original nasal in the name of the river was lost in Slovene, but the ''n'' in the name of the town was preserved due to Hungarian influence.<ref name="Snoj">{{cite book |last1=Snoj |first1=Marko |title=Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen |date=2009 |publisher=Modrijan and Založba ZRC |location=Ljubljana |page=230}}</ref> The former name of the town, ''Dolnja Lendava'' (literally, 'lower Lendava'), contrasted with that of ''Gornja Lendava'' (literally 'upper Lendava'). The name of the settlement was changed from ''Dolnja Lendava'' to ''Lendava'' in 1955.<ref>''Spremembe naselij 1948–95''. 1996. Database. Ljubljana: Geografski inštitut ZRC SAZU, DZS.</ref>

== History == thumb|left|90px|Hungarian stamp and name still in use in 1925 ''Alsólendva'' was a district ({{langx|hu|járás}}) of the Zala ''comitat'' in the Kingdom of Hungary<ref>Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850–1864, by Edwin Mueller, 1961.</ref> until 1918. It was part of Hungary again from 1941 to 1945.<ref>[http://www.lendava.si/ Lendava municipal site]</ref>

==Jewish community== {{See also|History of the Jews in Slovenia}} thumb|Lendava Synagogue The first census of the population in the beginning of the 18th century mentions two Jewish merchants, and the following censuses showed an increasing Jewish population composed of merchants, innkeepers, distillers, mead producers, lawyers, and physicians. They played an important role in the economy of Lendava, owning a local hotel, a few pubs, and stores. Local Jews also started the first bank in Lendava. A Jewish school opened in 1850 and it was active until 1921. The last rabbi in Lendava was Mor Lowy.<ref>[http://www.inv.si/psja/spomin/lendava.htm Jews of Lendava]</ref>

The synagogue in Lendava is one of only two synagogues left in Slovenia.

== Geography ==

=== Climate === The meteorological station is a climatic station and is one of 17 of its kind in the country. The station in Lendava is at an altitude of 190 m and is located on a sloping hillside. The surrounding area includes neighbouring houses with outbuildings, vineyards, trees, gardens and meadows. The station has been at this location since January 1962.

Lendava has a humid continental climate (''Dfb'') using the 0°C isotherm or an oceanic climate (''Cfb'') using the -3°C isotherm.

With an annual precipitation of {{Convert|796|mm|in}}, Lendava is one of the driest towns in the country; in general this is true for the whole of Prekmurje.

Since records began, Lendava has had a White Christmas on 12 occasions: 1963, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2001 and 2007. The thickest snow cover for a Christmas Day was in 1963 at {{Convert|40|cm|in}}.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nadbath |first=Mateja |date=May 2018 |title=METEOROLOŠKA POSTAJA LENDAVSKE GORICE |trans-title=Meteorological station Lendavske Gorice |url=https://www.meteo.si/uploads/probase/www/climate/text/sl/stations/Lendavske%20Gorice.pdf |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=Slovenian Environment Agency - meteo.si}}</ref>{{Weatherbox | location = Lendava (193m elev.) [1962-2022] | source = National Meteorological Service of Slovenia – Archive<ref>{{Cite web |title=meteo.si - Uradna vremenska napoved za Slovenijo - Državna meteorološka služba RS - Državna meteorološka služba |url=https://meteo.arso.gov.si/ |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=meteo.arso.gov.si}}</ref> | width = auto | metric first = yes | single line = true | unit rain days = 0.1 mm | unit snow days = 0.1 mm | unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm | Jan mean C = -0.2 | Feb mean C = 1.99 | Mar mean C = 6.19 | Apr mean C = 11.02 | May mean C = 15.68 | Jun mean C = 18.95 | Jul mean C = 20.46 | Aug mean C = 19.85 | Sep mean C = 15.84 | Oct mean C = 10.71 | Nov mean C = 5.47 | Dec mean C = 1.06 | Jan high C = 3.56 | Feb high C = 6.44 | Mar high C = 11.41 | Apr high C = 16.7 | May high C = 21.59 | Jun high C = 24.92 | Jul high C = 26.78 | Aug high C = 26.39 | Sep high C = 22.11 | Oct high C = 16.42 | Nov high C = 9.51 | Dec high C = 4.57 | Jan record high C = 18.5 | Feb record high C = 22.3 | Mar record high C = 25.0 | Apr record high C = 29.3 | May record high C = 32.8 | Jun record high C = 35.5 | Jul record high C = 38.1 | Aug record high C = 38.2 | Sep record high C = 33.2 | Oct record high C = 27.7 | Nov record high C = 23.8 | Dec record high C = 21.0 | Jan low C = -3.58 | Feb low C = -2.01 | Mar low C = 1.37 | Apr low C = 5.61 | May low C = 9.89 | Jun low C = 13.37 | Jul low C = 14.84 | Aug low C = 14.44 | Sep low C = 10.85 | Oct low C = 6.13 | Nov low C = 2.11 | Dec low C = -2.02 | Jan record low C = -23.4 | Feb record low C = -23.8 | Mar record low C = -25.0 | Apr record low C = -4.5 | May record low C = -1.7 | Jun record low C = 2.4 | Jul record low C = 4.4 | Aug record low C = 4.4 | Sep record low C = -0.6 | Oct record low C = -7.9 | Nov record low C = -15.2 | Dec record low C = -21.3 | Jan afthumidity = 75.39 | Feb afthumidity = 65.76 | Mar afthumidity = 57.63 | Apr afthumidity = 54.71 | May afthumidity = 55.31 | Jun afthumidity = 56.32 | Jul afthumidity = 54.2 | Aug afthumidity = 55.36 | Sep afthumidity = 60.75 | Oct afthumidity = 65.92 | Nov afthumidity = 75.0 | Dec afthumidity = 78.73 | Jan humidity = 83.8 | Feb humidity = 77.71 | Mar humidity = 72.24 | Apr humidity = 70.02 | May humidity = 71.63 | Jun humidity = 72.94 | Jul humidity = 72.72 | Aug humidity = 75.1 | Sep humidity = 79.58 | Oct humidity = 82.18 | Nov humidity = 85.37 | Dec humidity = 85.95 | Jan precipitation mm = 41.53 | Feb precipitation mm = 42.47 | Mar precipitation mm = 44.89 | Apr precipitation mm = 55.9 | May precipitation mm = 78.48 | Jun precipitation mm = 86.09 | Jul precipitation mm = 91.15 | Aug precipitation mm = 82.97 | Sep precipitation mm = 82.2 | Oct precipitation mm = 65.83 | Nov precipitation mm = 72.31 | Dec precipitation mm = 52.14 | Jan snow depth cm = 13.93 | Feb snow depth cm = 14.74 | Mar snow depth cm = 9.04 | Apr snow depth cm = 2.0 | May snow depth cm = 0.0 | Jun snow depth cm = 0.0 | Jul snow depth cm = 0.0 | Aug snow depth cm = 0.0 | Sep snow depth cm = 0.0 | Oct snow depth cm = 0.0 | Nov snow depth cm = 9.19 | Dec snow depth cm = 10.92 | Jan precipitation days = 7.41 | Feb precipitation days = 7.49 | Mar precipitation days = 7.95 | Apr precipitation days = 9.49 | May precipitation days = 11.03 | Jun precipitation days = 11.03 | Jul precipitation days = 10.17 | Aug precipitation days = 9.31 | Sep precipitation days = 8.46 | Oct precipitation days = 8.06 | Nov precipitation days = 8.97 | Dec precipitation days = 8.61 | Jan rain days = 4.34 | Feb rain days = 4.38 | Mar rain days = 6.19 | Apr rain days = 9.34 | May rain days = 11.03 | Jun rain days = 10.88 | Jul rain days = 10.17 | Aug rain days = 9.18 | Sep rain days = 8.46 | Oct rain days = 8.03 | Nov rain days = 8.29 | Dec rain days = 6.3 | Jan snow days = 3.62 | Feb snow days = 3.47 | Mar snow days = 2.22 | Apr snow days = 0.36 | May snow days = 0.0 | Jun snow days = 0.0 | Jul snow days = 0.0 | Aug snow days = 0.0 | Sep snow days = 0.0 | Oct snow days = 0.04 | Nov snow days = 1.07 | Dec snow days = 2.82 }}{{historical populations|25=1948|26=1680|27=1953|28=2495|29=1961|30=2561|31=1971|32=3044|33=1981|34=3733|35=1991|36=3817|37=2002|38=3395|39=2011|40=3129|41=2021|42=2947|footnote=Population size may be affected by changes in administrative divisions.}}

== Landmarks == ===Church=== thumb|upright|left|Parish church in Lendava The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Catherine of Alexandria and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Murska Sobota.<ref>[http://www.druzina.si/icd/spletnastran.nsf/all/00D25937AFA61157C12572030034F8AB?OpenDocument Družina RC Church in Slovenia site]</ref> There is also a Lutheran church in the town. It was built in 1931.

===Castle=== Lendava Castle is a former property of the Esterházy family. The mainly 18th-century building stands on a hill above the town centre and contains a museum and a gallery.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.galerija-muzej-lendava.si/ |title=Lendava Museum Gallery official site |access-date=4 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091105085655/http://www.galerija-muzej-lendava.si/ |archive-date=5 November 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Twin towns – Sister cities== {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Slovenia}}

Lendava is twinned with: *{{flagicon|HUN}} Zalaegerszeg, Hungary

thumb|220px|Cubis Hotel in Lendava == Sport == Petišovci Stadium is a purpose built motorcycle speedway stadium located east of Petišovci, off the Rudarska ulica.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.europlan-online.de/speedway-stadion-peti%25C5%25A1ovci/stadion-65397.html |title=Speedway stadion Petišovci - Petišovci |website=EuroPlan |access-date=8 February 2024}}</ref> The facility hosts the Športno Društvo Lendava team<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amzs.si/slovenska-avto-moto-drustva/251-sd-speedway-team-lendava |title=Športno Drustvo Spedway Team Lendava |website=amzs.si |access-date=8 February 2024}}</ref> and has been a significant venue for speedway hosting important events, including qualifying rounds of the Speedway World Championship.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://dlprezes.pl.tl/SPEEDWAY--_--Indywidualne-mistrzostwa-%26%23346%3Bwiata-----------k1-World-Speedway-Championship-k2-.htm |title=World Championship |website=Metal Speedway |access-date=8 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.speedway.org/history/ |title=World Championship | website=Speedway.org |access-date=8 February 2024}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Wikivoyage}} *{{commons category-inline|Lendava}} *[https://www.geopedia.world/#T12_L362_F2473:5069_x1830472.261010491_y5870773.2416700795_s14_b2345 Lendava on Geopedia]

Category:Lendava Category:Populated places in the Municipality of Lendava Category:Hungary–Slovenia border crossings Category:Spa towns in Slovenia Category:Cities and towns in Prekmurje