{{Short description|Government building in Lima, Peru}} {{Infobox building |name = Legislative Palace |native_name = Palacio Legislativo |image = Palacio Legislativo of Peru.jpg |image_size = 250px |caption = |pushpin_map = |coordinates = {{coord|12.0480|S|77.0253|W|source:wikidata|display=inline,title}} |location_town = [[Lima]] |location_country = [[Peru]] |architect = {{ill|Émile Robert|es|lt=Emilio Robert}}<br>[[Ricardo de Jaxa Malachowski]] |client = |engineer = |construction_start_date = {{dts|1906|09|24}} |completion_date = {{start date and age| 1936}} |cost = |structural_system = |architectural_style = [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] |size = |website = {{Official website|http://www.congreso.gob.pe/eng/overview/legislative_palace/|name=congreso.gob.pe}} }} The '''Legislative Palace''' ({{langx|es|Palacio Legislativo}}) is a government building that serves as the seat of the [[Congress of Peru]], the legislative branch of the [[Government of Peru|Peruvian government]]. Located at Ayacucho (formerly Urubamba)<ref>{{Cite book |title=La Ciudad de los Reyes y la "Guía del viajero en Lima" de Manuel Atanasio Fuentes |last=Coloma Porcari |first=César |publisher=Instituto Latinoamericano de Cultura y Desarrollo |year=1997 |isbn=978-9972-676-00-0 |pages=84 |language=es |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWPrAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> street, it lies next to next to the [[Plaza Bolivar (Lima)|Bolivar Square]] and forms part of the neighbourhood of [[Barrios Altos]], itself part of the [[historic centre of Lima]].
The palace contains the congressional chambers, the [[Raúl Porras Barrenechea]] Hall; the Hall of the Lost Steps; and the offices of the congressional leaders, commissions, and parliamentary groups.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Congress of the Republic of Peru > Overview > Legislative Palace > History of the Legislative Palace |url=http://www.congreso.gob.pe/eng/HistoryLegislativePalace/ |access-date=2023-10-20 |website=www.congreso.gob.pe}}</ref> This building houses the sessions of [[Congress of Peru|Congress]] as well as the inauguration speech of the [[List of presidents of Peru|president]].
Located behind the building is '''José Faustino Sánchez Carrión Square''' ({{langx|es|Plaza José Faustino Sánchez Carrión}}), a [[public square]] named after the [[José Faustino Sánchez Carrión|pro-independence politician]] and maintained by Congress.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Congreso realiza indispensables refacciones en Plaza José Faustino Sánchez Carrión |url=https://comunicaciones.congreso.gob.pe/noticias/congreso-realiza-indispensables-refacciones-en-plaza-jose-faustino-sanchez-carrion/ |date=2022-06-21 |work=[[Congress of Peru|Congreso de la República]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Piden respetar plaza en honor a José Faustino Sánchez Carrión |url=https://diariocorreo.pe/edicion/la-libertad/la-libertad-piden-respetar-plaza-en-honor-a-jose-faustino-sanchez-carrion-peru-noticia/ |date=2023-04-27 |work=[[Diario Correo]]}}</ref>
==History== The site was originally the location of San Juan de la Penitencia, a ''casa de recogimiento'' built under the government of Viceroy [[Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Cañete]], and established in 1550 to house creole and mestiza women orphaned by the civil wars of the ''[[conquistador]]es''.<ref name=Congreso2022>{{Cite news |title=El Palacio Legislativo y la Universidad de San Marcos |url=https://comunicaciones.congreso.gob.pe/noticias/el-palacio-legislativo-y-los-espacios-donde-se-construyo-y-se-construye-nuestra-democracia/ |date=2022-09-21 |work=[[Congress of Peru|Congreso de la República]]}}</ref> In 1577, Viceroy [[Francisco de Toledo]] granted the site to the [[University of San Marcos]], which occupied it throughout the [[Viceroyalty of Peru|viceregal period]].
On September 20, 1822, the [[Constituent Congress of Peru (1822)|Constituent Congress]] was installed in the building, as established in its provisional internal regulations.<ref name=":0" /> In the meantime, the university temporarily moved to the ''Colegio de San Pedro''.<ref name=Congreso2022/> During that time, the Congress also occupied certain rooms of the [[Museum of Congress and the Inquisition|old premises]] that belonged to the [[Inquisition]], deactivated in 1820. The Senate was established in that building from September 1, 1829, the date on which the first ordinary session was installed. Previously, on July 20, 1829, the first preparatory meeting of the Senate was held.
On January 19, 1869, Congress issued a legislative resolution authorising then president [[José Balta]] to order the construction of a legislative palace. On April 26, 1873, Congress again approved the authorisation for the construction of said palace, also pointing out the need to also build a building for the executive branch of Peru. However, neither of these requests could be met because of the economic situation that the country was facing (decline of the [[Guano Era|guano boom]]) and the [[War of the Pacific]]. Before this confrontation, on November 7, 1878, Congress suspended the effects of its resolution issued in 1873.
Construction on a new legislative building began in 1904 based on the design of the French architect Emilio Robert. To make construction possible, the building—then used by the [[Charity of Lima]] as a hospital—and its adjacent '''Church of Saint Mary of Charity''' ({{langx|es|Santa María de la Caridad}}) were demolished in 1916.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://comunicaciones.congreso.gob.pe/noticias/una-iglesia-un-colegio-y-un-hospital-fueron-los-cimientos-del-palacio-legislativo/ |title=El Palacio Legislativo y Santa María de la Caridad |date=2022-09-21 |website=[[Congress of Peru|Congreso de la República]]}}</ref> The latter had been established in 1562.
While the building served several political functions over the following decades of construction, it was not permanently occupied until 1938 during the presidency of [[Óscar R. Benavides]]. In 2007, the building was damaged due to the [[2007 Peru earthquake|strong earthquake]] that took place on August 15, leading to the temporary closure of the third floor.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.peru.com/noticias/idocs/2007/8/20/DetalleDocumento_435051.asp |title=Evalúan Traslado |date=2007-08-20 |website=[[Perú.com]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090323153828/http://www.peru.com/noticias/idocs/2007/8/20/DetalleDocumento_435051.asp |archive-date=2009-03-23}}</ref>
==See also== *[[Historic Centre of Lima]] *[[Congress of Peru]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Landmarks in Lima}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Government of Peru]] [[Category:Buildings and structures in Lima]] [[Category:Government buildings completed in 1936]] [[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Peru]] [[Category:Seats of national legislatures]] [[Category:Historic Centre of Lima]]