{{short description|Mathematical function in set theory}} In set theory, a '''Laver function''' (or '''Laver diamond''', named after its inventor, Richard Laver) is a function connected with supercompact cardinals.

==Definition== If κ is a supercompact cardinal, a Laver function is a function ''ƒ'':κ&nbsp;→&nbsp;''V''<sub>κ</sub> such that for every set ''x'' and every cardinal λ&nbsp;≥&nbsp;|TC(''x'')|&nbsp;+&nbsp;κ there is a supercompact measure ''U'' on [λ]<sup><κ</sup> such that if ''j''<sub>&nbsp;''U''</sub> is the associated elementary embedding then ''j''<sub>&nbsp;''U''</sub>(''ƒ'')(κ) = ''x''. (Here ''V''<sub>κ</sub> denotes the κ-th level of the cumulative hierarchy, TC(''x'') is the transitive closure of ''x'')

==Applications== The original application of Laver functions was the following theorem of Laver. If κ is supercompact, there is a κ-c.c. forcing notion (''P'',&nbsp;≤) such after forcing with (''P'',&nbsp;≤) the following holds: κ is supercompact and remains supercompact after forcing with any κ-directed closed forcing.

There are many other applications, for example the proof of the consistency of the proper forcing axiom.

==References== {{refbegin}} *{{cite journal | zbl=0381.03039 | first=Richard | last=Laver | authorlink=Richard Laver | title=Making the supercompactness of κ indestructible under κ-directed closed forcing | journal=Israel Journal of Mathematics | volume=29 | year=1978 | issue=4 | pages=385–388 | doi=10.1007/bf02761175 | doi-access=}} {{refend}}

Category:Set theory Category:Large cardinals Category:Functions and mappings

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