{{About|a Queen of an unknown Asian Kingdom from the first century BC||Laodice (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
'''Laodice''' was a Queen of an unknown Kingdom in Asia. She lived at the time of the Seleucid king of Syria Antiochus X Eusebes who reigned 95 BC-92 or 88 BC.
== Historical account== Laodice is known from the work of the first century historian Josephus. In about 92 BC, she sent a petition to Antiochus X Eusebes of Syria asking for help against Parthia. In response, Antiochus X marched against the Parthians but was killed in battle.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sfagn.info/information/michael_burgess.html |last=Burgess |first=Michael |title=The Moon Is A Harsh Mistress – The Rise and Fall of Cleopatra II Selene, Seleukid Queen of Syria |publisher=sfagn.info |access-date=16 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208101554/http://www.sfagn.info/information/michael_burgess.html |archive-date=8 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==The people and kingdom== ===The name of the tribe=== It is hard to identify the people of Laodice;{{sfn|Sievers|1986|p=134}} each of the surviving manuscripts containing Josephus' work transmits a different version.{{sfn|Olbrycht|2009|p=166}} There are two names and different varieties of them depending on the manuscript.{{sfn|Dumitru|2016|p=264}} In the Codex Leidensis (Lugdunensis), it is ''Γαλιχηνών'' (Gileadites).{{#tag:ref|William Whiston gave Gileadites as the name's form in his English translation of the work of Josephus;{{sfn|Josephus|1833|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=9sA5AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA421 421]}} he used the Latin translation of the Dutch classicist Siwart Haverkamp,{{sfn|Josephus|1833|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=9sA5AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1 I]}} who in turn used masuscripts including the Codex Leidensis.{{sfn|Zumpt|1872|p= [https://books.google.com/books?id=gYk-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PR3 IV]}} Haverkamp had ''Laodice Galadenorum regina'' in his translation from Greek to Latin.{{sfn|Josephus|1726|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=LN2hbTLCia0C&pg=671 671]}}|group=note}}{{sfn|Dumitru|2016|p=264}} The Codex Palatinus (Vaticanus) Graecus has the name ''Σαμηνών'';{{sfn|Olbrycht|2009|p=166}} this rendering was used by Benedikt Niese in his edition of the work of Josephus.{{sfn|Josephus|1892|p=[https://archive.org/stream/operajosephus03joseuoft#page/218/mode/2up 219]}} {{ill|Josef Dobiáš (historian)|cs|Josef Dobiáš (historik)}} stated that the Niese's version is more plausible,{{sfn|Dobiáš|1931|p=[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.105038/2015.105038.Archiv-Orientalni-Journal-Of-The-Czechoslovak-Oriental-Institute-Prague-Vol3#page/n233/mode/2up 222]}} and this has become the academic consensus; Σαμηνών is rendered in English, depending on the historian, as Sameans, Sameni or Samenians.{{sfn|Dumitru|2016|p=264}}
===Identification and location=== Σαμηνών from the Codex Palatinus is similar to the name of a people mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium as the ''Σαμηνώί'',{{sfn|Olbrycht|2009|p=166}} or ''Σαμηνoί'' (Dobiáš rendered it in French as Samènes);{{sfn|Dobiáš|1931|p=[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.105038/2015.105038.Archiv-Orientalni-Journal-Of-The-Czechoslovak-Oriental-Institute-Prague-Vol3#page/n235/mode/2up 223]}} Stephanus described them as Arabian nomadic people,{{sfn|Olbrycht|2009|p=166}} and Dobiáš accepted that the Σαμηνών are the same as the Σαμηνoί (Samènes); thus Laodice was the queen of an Arab tribe.{{sfn|Dobiáš|1931|p=[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.105038/2015.105038.Archiv-Orientalni-Journal-Of-The-Czechoslovak-Oriental-Institute-Prague-Vol3#page/n235/mode/2up 223]}}{{sfn|Olbrycht|2009|p=181}} {{ill|Bernhard Moritz|de}} rendered the people mentioned by Stephanus as the Samenoi, and identified them with the Samnei,{{sfn|Moritz|1920|p=[https://archive.org/download/PWRE49/Pauly-Wissowa_I_A2_2123.png 2126], [https://archive.org/download/PWRE49/Pauly-Wissowa_I_A2_2127.png 2127]}} (Samnaei in the rendition of Dobiáš), who were an Arab tribe of southern Arabia according to Pliny the Elder; Dobiáš is sceptical about Moritz' identification.{{sfn|Dobiáš|1931|p=[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.105038/2015.105038.Archiv-Orientalni-Journal-Of-The-Czechoslovak-Oriental-Institute-Prague-Vol3#page/n235/mode/2up 223]}}
==Notes== {{reflist|group=note|colwidth=40em}}
==References==
===Citations=== {{Reflist|25em}}
===Sources=== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book|title=Realencyclopädie Der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft|series= second|volume=IA, Halbband 2 (Saale-Sarmathon)|first=Bernhard|last=Moritz|publisher=Georg Wissowa|year= 1920|isbn=978-3-476-01100-8|oclc=255341043|language= de}} *{{cite book|url=https://www.academia.edu/865473|last=Olbrycht|first=Marek Jan|editor1-first=Jakob Munk|editor1-last=Højte|year=2009|chapter=Mithridates VI Eupator and Iran|title=Mithridates VI and the Pontic Kingdom|publisher=Aarhus University Press|series=Black Sea Studies|volume=9|issn=1903-4873|isbn=978-8-779-34443-3}} *{{cite journal|last=Dobiáš|first=Josef|year= 1931|title=Les Premiers Rapports des Romains avec les Parthes et L'occupation de la Syrie|journal=Archiv Orientální|publisher=Czechoslovak Oriental Institute|language=fr|volume=3|issn=0044-8699}} *{{cite book|title=Flavii Iosephi Opera|volume=3|author=Josephus|editor1-first=Benedikt|editor1-last=Niese|orig-year=c. 94|publisher=Berolini Apud Weidmannos|year= 1892|oclc=769813475|language= el}} *{{cite book|title=Flavii Josephi. Quae Reperiri Potuerunt, Opera Omnia. Graece Et Latine, Cum Notis & Nova Versione, Joannis Hudsoni, S.T.P.|author=Josephus|editor1-first=Siwart|editor1-last=Haverkamp|editor2-first=Hudson|editor2-last=John|orig-year=c. 94|publisher=Amstelaedami. Lugd. Bat. Ultrajecti. Apud R. & G. Wetstenios Sam. Luchtmans. Jacobum Broedelet.|year= 1726|oclc=20470894|language= la}} *{{cite book|title=C. Sallustii Crispi. De Bello Catilinario Et Jugurthio|first=Karl Gottlob|last=Zumpt|chapter=Preface|publisher=William and Robert Chambers|year= 1872|oclc=864774181}} *{{cite book|title=The Genuine Works of Flavius Josephus, the Jewish Historian|author=Josephus|orig-year=c. 94|editor-first=Samuel|editor-last=Burder|editor-link=Samuel Burder|translator-first=William|translator-last=Whiston|publisher=Kimber & Sharpless|year= 1833|oclc=970897884}} *{{cite book|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/antiochus-1--thirteen-kings-of-the-seleucid-dynasty#A10|editor-first=Ehsan|editor-last=Yarshater|last=Sievers|first=Joseph|year= 1986|chapter=Antiochus X|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica|volume=2|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul|isbn=978-0-710-09110-9|issn=2330-4804}} *{{cite book|last=Dumitru|first=Adrian|editor1-first=Altay|editor1-last=Coşkun|editor2-first=Alex|editor2-last=McAuley|year=2016|chapter=Kleopatra Selene: A Look at the Moon and Her Bright Side|title=Seleukid Royal Women: Creation, Representation and Distortion of Hellenistic Queenship in the Seleukid Empire|publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag|series=Historia – Einzelschriften|volume=240|issn=0071-7665|isbn=978-3-515-11295-6}} {{refend}}
Category:Year of birth unknown Category:Year of death unknown Category:2nd-century BC queens regnant Category:1st-century BC queens regnant