{{Short description|Les Autres sport classification}} '''LA6''' is a [[Les Autres sport classification]] is an ambulatory sport classification for a sportsperson with a disability that impacts their locomotor function. People in this class have a minimal locomotor disability that tends to impact one of their upper limbs or knees. The class includes people with arthritis and osteoporosis, or ankylosis of the knee.
Internationally, governance for this sport is handled by [[International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation|IWAS]], following the 2005 merger of ISMWSF and [[International Sports Organization for the Disabled|ISOD]]. Classification is handled nationally by relevant national organizations. Sports open to people in this classification include archery, athletics and equestrian.
== Definition == LAF6 is an Les Autres sports classification.<ref name=":022">{{Cite web|url=https://queenslandschoolsport.eq.edu.au/Supportandresources/Formsanddocuments/Documents/Officials%20and%20executives/classification-system-for-students-with-a-disability.docx |title=CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR STUDENTS WITH A DISABILITY |website=Queensland Sport |access-date=July 23, 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404055316/https://queenslandschoolsport.eq.edu.au/Supportandresources/Formsanddocuments/Documents/Officials%20and%20executives/classification-system-for-students-with-a-disability.docx |archive-date=April 4, 2015 }}</ref><ref name=":15">{{Cite book|url=http://www.colimdo.org/media/2609359/deportistas_sin_adjetivos.pdf|title=Deportistas sin Adjectivos|last=Consejo Superior de Deportes|publisher=Consejo Superior de Deportes|year=2011|location=Spain|language=es-ES|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104204846/http://www.colimdo.org/media/2609359/deportistas_sin_adjetivos.pdf|archive-date=2016-11-04|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is an ambulant class for people with minimal issues with trunk and lower limb functionality. People in this class have impairments in one upper limb.<ref name=":15" /> Medically, this class includes people with arthritis and osteoporosis, or ankylosis of the knee. In practice, this means minimal disability. In terms of functional classification, this means the sportsperson is ambulatory with good upper limb functionality, and minimal trunk or lower limb functionality.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=usO95dxAEm8C|title=Pediatric Rehabilitation: Principles & Practices, Fourth Edition|last1=MD|first1=Michael A. Alexander|last2=MD|first2=Dennis J. Matthews|date=2009-09-18|publisher=Demos Medical Publishing|isbn=9781935281658|language=en}}</ref> For the 1984 Summer Paralympics, LAF6 was defined by the Games organizers as, "Ambulant with normal upper extremity function in throwing arm and minimal trunk or lower extremity disability. A participant in this class must be able to demonstrate a locomotor disability which clearly gives a him/her a disadvantage in throwing events compared to able-bodied sports men/women."<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GPa1AAAAIAAJ|title=The 1984 Olympic Scientific Congress proceedings: Eugene, Ore., 19-26 July 1984 : (also: OSC proceedings)|last=Broekhoff|first=Jan|date=1986-06-01|publisher=Human Kinetics Publishers|isbn=9780873220064|language=en}}</ref> For the 1984 Summer Paralympics, LAF6 sportspeople were described by the Games organizers as "had minimal trunk or lower limb disability."<ref name=":0" />
== Governance == Les Autres sport classification was originally created and then governed by the [[International Sports Organization for the Disabled]] (ISOD).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ifsport.is/ritgerd.htm |title=ritgerd |website=www.ifsport.is |language=is |access-date=2016-07-30 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505180703/http://www.ifsport.is/ritgerd.htm |archive-date=2016-05-05 }}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|last1=Richter|first1=Kenneth J.|last2=Adams-Mushett|first2=Carol|last3=Ferrara|first3=Michael S.|last4=McCann|first4=B. Cairbre|date=1992|title=lntegrated Swimming Classification : A Faulted System|url=http://journals.humankinetics.com/AcuCustom/Sitename/Documents/DocumentItem/11786.pdf|journal=Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly|volume=9|pages=5–13|doi=10.1123/apaq.9.1.5|access-date=August 1, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTQdAQAAMAAJ|title=Rehabilitation World|date=1984-01-01|publisher=Rehabilitation International USA|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NQkPAQAAMAAJ|title=Fitness in special populations|last=Shephard|first=Roy J.|date=1990-01-01|publisher=Human Kinetics Books|isbn=9780873222709|language=en}}</ref> Currently, classification is overseen by [[International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation|IWAS]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/about-iwas111/|title=About IWAS|website=Int'l Wheelchair & Amputee Sports Federation|access-date=2016-07-30|archive-date=2017-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921003613/http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/about-iwas111/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":622">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/sports/other-sports1/|title=Other Sports|website=Int'l Wheelchair & Amputee Sports Federation|access-date=2016-07-30|archive-date=2017-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920235832/http://www.iwasf.com/iwasf/index.cfm/sports/other-sports1/|url-status=dead}}</ref> having taken over this role following the 2005 merger of ISMWSF and ISOD.<ref name=":162">{{Cite journal|last=KOCCA |date=2011 |title=장애인e스포츠 활성화를 위한 스포츠 등급분류 연구 |trans-title=Activate e-sports for people with disabilities: Sports Classification Study |url=https://www.kocca.kr/knowledge/research/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2011/05/24/6n70w4pHkDKo.pdf |journal=KOCCA |language=ko |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817111130/https://www.kocca.kr/knowledge/research/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2011/05/24/6n70w4pHkDKo.pdf |archive-date=2016-08-17 }}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MR4XAgAAQBAJ|title=A Companion to Sport|last1=Andrews|first1=David L.|last2=Carrington|first2=Ben|date=2013-06-21|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781118325285|language=en}}</ref>
National sport organizations handle classification on the national level. In the United Kingdom, this is the British Amputee and Les Autres Sports Association.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPsqAoFtG-sC&q=les%2520autres&pg=PA246|title=Disability Sport|last1=DePauw|first1=Karen P.|last2=Gavron|first2=Susan J.|date=2005-01-01|publisher=Human Kinetics|isbn=9780736046381|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|url=https://us.corwin.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/9462_011233Ch6.pdf|title=Sport and Disability|last=Thomas|first=Nigel|date=2002|pages=105–124|access-date=August 1, 2016|archive-date=August 14, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814135941/https://us.corwin.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/9462_011233Ch6.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2cx8AgAAQBAJ|title=Teaching Physical Education to Children with Special Educational Needs|last=Vickerman|first=Philip|date=2007-01-24|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781134168460|language=en}}</ref> In the United States, this is the United States Les Autres Sports Association.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KoeRrA_-td0C&q=%2522les%2520autres%2522%2520sport%2520classification&pg=PA295|title=ACSM's Primary Care Sports Medicine|last1=McKeag|first1=Douglas|last2=Moeller|first2=James L.|date=2007-01-01|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781770286|language=en}}</ref> The classification system used in the United States has generally matched the international norms, though in track in field there have been five wheelchair classes and five ambulatory classes for Les Autres sportspeople.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6_aY-HejIEgC&q=%2522les%2520autres%2522%2520|title=Adapted Physical Education and Sport|last=Winnick|first=Joseph P.|date=2011-01-01|publisher=Human Kinetics|isbn=9780736089180|language=en}}</ref> In Australia, [[Wheelchair Sports Australia]] was the governing body for classification for Les Autres sportspeople,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_CHwAAAAMAAJ|title=Coaching Athletes with Cerebral Palsy|last1=Houbolt|first1=Mirjam|last2=Denman|first2=Karen|date=1998-01-01|publisher=Australian Sports Commission|isbn=9780642263445|language=en}}</ref> with [[Disability Sports Australia]] taking over the role following the 2003 merger of [[Australian Sports Organisation for the Disabled]] (ASOD), [[Cerebral Palsy Australian Sports and Recreation Federation]] (CPASRF) and Wheelchair Sports Australia (WSA).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sports.org.au/about-dsa/|title=About DSA|website=Disability Sports Australia|access-date=2016-08-01}}</ref>
== Sports ==
=== Athletics === {{see also|Para-athletics classification}}
LAF6 competitors can be classified into several athletics classes including F46.<ref name=":022"/><ref name=":15" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=International Paralympic Committee|date=June 2009|title=IPC Athletics Classification Project for Physical Impairments: Final Report - Stage 1|url=https://www.comiteparalimpicoportugal.pt/Documentos/Classificacao/Classifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Atletismo.pdf|journal=International Paralympic Committee Governing Committee Reports}}</ref> While athletes in this class have minimal functionality problems with their throwing arm, they have an impairment that impacts their non-throwing arm.<ref name=":15" /> At the 1984 Summer Paralympics, LAF4, LAF5 and LAF6 track athletes had the 100 meters and 1,500 meters on their program. In field events, they had shot put, discus, javelin and club throws. No jumping events were on the program for these classes.<ref name=":0" /> There was a large range of sportspeople with different disabilities in this class at the 1984 Summer Paralympics.<ref name=":0" />
=== Other sports === {{see also|Para-archery classification|ARST|Para-equestrian classification}}
Archery is a sport open to people in this class. LAF6 classified athletes compete in ARST. People in this class can compete while sitting on a high stool, but their feet must be touching the ground while shooting.<ref name="Leading Britain's Conversation">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lbc.co.uk/paralympic-classification-what-do-the-categories-mean-58926|title=Paralympics: What Do The Categories Mean?|website=Leading Britain's Conversation|access-date=2016-07-28|archive-date=2016-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818220513/http://www.lbc.co.uk/paralympic-classification-what-do-the-categories-mean-58926|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://paralympics.org.uk/paralympicsports/archery|title=Paralympic Archery - overview, rules and classification {{!}} British Paralympic Association|website=British Paralympic Association|access-date=2016-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724170805/http://paralympics.org.uk/paralympicsports/archery|archive-date=2016-07-24|url-status=dead}}</ref> Para-equestrian is another option. Because they are ambulant, LAF5 riders may be in Grade 1 or Grade 4. Grade 1 is typically for people with cerebral palsy, les autres and spinal cord injuries who have severe levels of disability. Grade 4 is typically for people with normal lower limb functionality, but some other disability like vision impairment, or impairment in a leg or arm.<ref name="Leading Britain's Conversation"/> In para-triathlon, because they can use a standard bicycle, they can be classified TRI4.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imserso.es/InterPresent1/groups/imserso/documents/binario/deporteadaptado.pdf|title=Deporte Adaptado|last=Moya Cuevas|first=Raquel María|date=June 2014|website=Serie infórmate sobre...|publisher=Ceapat-Imserso|access-date=2016-08-01|archive-date=2021-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919233217/https://www.imserso.es/InterPresent1/groups/imserso/documents/binario/deporteadaptado.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== References == {{Portal|Sports}} {{reflist|30em}}
{{Les Autres sport classification}}
{{Disability sports classification}}
[[Category:Les Autres sports classifications]]