{{short description|Town in Madhya Pradesh, India}} {{about|a town in Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh|the village in Nalanda district, Bihar|Kundalpur, Bihar}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}} {{Infobox religious building | native_name = | name = Kundalpur Atishay Kshetra, Kundalgiri | religious_affiliation = Jainism | image = Temples kundalpur.JPG | alt = Kundalpur | caption = Jain Temples near Vardhman Lake Kundalpur | map_type = India Madhya Pradesh | map_alt = Kundalpur | coordinates = {{coord|23.984944|N|79.719957|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}} | location = Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh | deity = Rishabhanatha | festivals = Mahavir Janma Kalyanak | temple_quantity = 63 | established = 8th century | completed = 10th century | governing_body = Shri Digamber Jain Siddha Kshetra Kundalgiri Prabandhakarini Samiti | website = {{url|https://www.shreebadebaba.com}} }} {{Jainism}} '''Kundalpur''' is a town located in Damoh district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Located {{convert|37|km|mi|abbr=off}} northeast of the city of Damoh, Kundalpur is a pilgrimage site for Digambar Jains.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}{{Sfn|von Glasenapp|1925|p=56}}{{Sfn|Beglar|1878|p=30}}{{Sfn|Russell|2018|p=399}}
==Location== Nearby cities include Damoh {{convert|37|km|mi|abbr=off}}, Sagar {{convert|113|km|mi|abbr=off}}, and Jabalpur {{convert|143|km|mi|abbr=off}}. The nearest railway station is located at Damoh, and the nearest airport is Jabalpur Airport.
==Annual fair== The Kundalpur Fair takes place in the month of March, beginning with the annual gathering of Jains, immediately after the Festival of Colours, and lasts for two weeks. {{Sfn|Hunter|1881|p=30}}{{Sfn|Grant|1870|p=249}}
==Architecture== {{see|Bade Baba temple}}
There is a large statue of Rishabhanatha (also known as ''"Bade Baba"'' and ''"Adinath"'') on top of the hill in Kundalpur. The statue, seated in the lotus position, is 15 feet in height and is on a 3-foot high pedestal.<ref>Shri Digamber Jain Siddha Kshetra Kundalgiri, The Jaina Gazette, Vol. XLV, Number 9, September 1948, p. 94, http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=77613</ref> It is flanked on both sides by Parshvanatha images of the same height. The statue was incorrectly identified in 1878 by Joseph David Beglar, who noted the inscription mounted on the wall, as of Neminatha.{{Sfn|Beglar|1878|p=30}} The statue was again incorrectly identified in 1884 by Alexander Cunningham as an image of Mahavira.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}} Niraj Jain established that the statue is in fact of Rishabhanatha.<ref>Niraj Jain, Kundalpur, Anekanta, April 1964, page 43.</ref> This is also the place of salvation of the last Kevali, named Shridhar Kevali.<ref>Jagannmohanlal Shastri, Anekanta, December 1967, page. 194.</ref> Photographs of the ''Bade Baba'' statue have been widely used in many publications, calendars, and posters.
Among all the temples of Kundalpur, the most famous is the Bade Baba temple, with Rishabhanatha (affectionately termed "Bade Baba") as the principal deity. Another temple — called ''Jal Mandir'' — is situated in the middle of Vardhamana pond, at the foot of the hill. A Samosharana temple was built that commemorated the 25th anniversary of the ''parinirvana'' of Lord Mahavira in 1974. A manastambha in the center of the dharmashala was constructed in 1975.
==History== According to Alexander Cunningham, in 1884 there were 20 temples on the hill and 30 temples at the foot of the hill near the pond known as "Vardhamana Talao".{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}} The temples are square blocks with dome roofs and pinnacles of different sizes.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}{{Sfn|Titze|Bruhn|1998|p=125}}
The original Bade Baba temple, estimated to date from the 6th century CE, was the oldest temple at Kundalpur. It included smaller shrines and temples, and was enclosed within a fortified compound with tall rubble masonry walls on top of the hill. The main garbhagrih contained the Bade Baba pratima which along with its parikar (including the Parshvanth images) occupied the entire back wall.<ref>Dr. Sudha Malaiya, कुंडलपुर बड़ेबाबा आदिनाथ का, 2018, p. 155</ref> According to an inscription in the temple,<ref>Y.K. Malaiya, "Kundalpur's Past Three Centuries," Arhat Vacan, Vol. 13, no. 3-4, 2001 pp. 5-13</ref> the temple was renovated by the disciples of Bhattaraka Surendrakirti, with assistance from Bundela ruler Chhatrasal.<ref>Thakurdas Bhagavandas Javeri, Bharatvarshiya Digambar Jain Directory, 1914</ref> The 4th line of the inscription — which is dated 31 December 1700 CE — mentions the name of Mahavira, and line 8 mentions the terms ''Jina Marga'' (the "path to liberation") and ''Jinadharma''.{{Sfn|Alexander Cunningham|1885|pages=166-7}}
==Photo gallery== <gallery> File:Photo of lord adinath bhagwan at kundalpur.JPG|Famous 15 feet Image of "Bade Baba" (Rishabhanatha) at Kundalpur File:Badebabmural shahpur.jpg|A mural at Shahpur representing the Bade Baba pratima with parikar in the old temple (center) File:Jain temple, Kudalpur.jpg|Temple below hill, 19th century. File:Samavasarana Jain temple, Kundalpur.jpg|Samavasarana temple, 1974 AD File:Kundalpur lake.jpg|Jain temples near Vardhmansagar lake, 19th CE. Bhagbali Pande temple of 18th CE at the hill top. File:Kundalpur Jain hill temple gate.jpg|Temple enclosure wall and gate constructed using rubble stone masonry<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schildkamp |first1=Martijn |last2=Silvestri |first2=Stefano |last3=Araki |first3=Yoshikazu |title=Rubble Stone Masonry Buildings With Cement Mortar: Design Specifications in Seismic and Masonry Codes Worldwide |journal=Frontiers in Built Environment |date=2020 |volume=6 |doi=10.3389/fbuil.2020.590520 |issn=2297-3362|doi-access=free }}</ref> with native teak trees File:Jain lake shrine, Kundalpur (cropped).jpg|Jain shrine inside Kundalpur lake File:Kundalpurmuralkatni.jpg|Glass mural with a traditional representation of Kundalpur in a Jain Temple Katni File:KundalpurPlanned.jpg|Planned new Bade Baba temple on a poster. The design has since been revised. </gallery>
==See also== {{commons}} {{Portal|Religion}} * Jainism in Bundelkhand * Hanumantal Bada Jain Mandir
==References== {{reflist}}
===Sources=== * {{Citation | last=Beglar | first=J. D. | author-link=Joseph David Beglar | title=Report of a Tour in Bundelkhand and Malwa, 1871-72, and in the Central Provinces, 1873-74 | volume=7 | url={{Google books|Qc8OAAAAQAAJ|page=58|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing | date=1878 }} * {{Citation|last=Cunningham|first=Alexander|author-link=Alexander Cunningham|title=Reports of a Tour in Bundelkhand and Rewa in 1883-84; and of a Tour in Rewa, Bundelkhand, Malwa, and Gwalior, in 1884-85|volume=21|publisher=Superintendent of Government printing|location=Calcutta|year=1885|url={{Google books|77bXjlFSBKMC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|ref={{SfnRef|Alexander Cunningham|1885}}}} * {{Citation | last=Grant | first=Charles | title=The Gazetteer of the Central Provinces of India | url={{Google books|SJwIAAAAQAAJ|page=249|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=Printed at the Education society's Press, Bombay | date=1870 }} * {{Citation | last=Hunter | first=William Wilson | author-link=William Wilson Hunter | title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India | url={{Google books|Q4kIAAAAQAAJ|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=Trübner & Company | date=1881 }} * {{Citation | last=Russell | first=Robert Vane Russell | title=The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India | volume=1 | url={{Google books|HZ9oDwAAQBAJ|page=399|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=Litres | date=2018 | isbn=9785041271084 }} * {{citation | last1=Titze | first1=Kurt| last2=Bruhn | first2= Klaus| title=Jainism: A Pictorial Guide to the Religion of Non-Violence | url={{Google books|loQkEIf8z5wC|page=125|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | publisher=Motilal Banarsidass | edition=2 | date=1998 | isbn=81-208-1534-3 }} * {{citation |last=von Glasenapp |first=Helmuth |author-link=Helmuth von Glasenapp |others=Shridhar B. Shrotri (trans.) |title=Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation |trans-title=Der Jainismus: Eine Indische Erlosungsreligion |url={{Google books|WzEzXDk0v6sC|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass (Reprint: 1999) |year=1925| location=Delhi |isbn=978-81-208-1376-2 }} * {{cite news | last=Garg | first=Awkash | url=https://www.patrika.com/mp-religion-spirituality/acharya-vidhyasagar-ji-prawachan-in-kundalpur-mahamastabhishek-1315561 | title=Acharya Vidhyasagarji prawachan in Kundalpur Mahamastabhishek |access-date=10 March 2021 | work=Rajasthan Patrika | language=hindi | ref={{SfnRef|Vidhyasagarji in Kundalpur}} }} * {{cite news | last=Garg | first=Awkash | url=https://www.patrika.com/damoh-news/read-the-amazing-miracle-of-bade-baba-when-thousand-of-kg-statue-become-like-a-flower-1314928/ | title=यहां हजारों किलो की मूर्ति हो गई थी फूल सी हलकी, जानें बड़े बाबा का अद्भुत चमत्कार | date=4 June 2016 | work=Rajasthan Patrika |language=hindi |access-date=10 March 2021}} * {{cite news |last=Mishra |first=Widush |title=हिंदी खबर, Latest News in Hindi, हिंदी समाचार, ताजा खबर |url=https://www.patrika.com/damoh-news/kundalpur-temple-built-by-the-inspiration-of-acharya-shri-vidyasagar-maharaj-1610770/ |access-date=10 March 2021 |work=Patrika News |date=28 June 2017 |language=hindi}}
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Category:Damoh district Category:Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh Category:10th-century Jain temples