{{Infobox river | name = Kuiseb River | image = Kuiseb Namibia anagoria.JPG | image_caption = The Kuiseb River during rain season | map = NEO kuiseb.jpeg | map_caption = Satellite image of the Kuiseb River | source1 = west of [[Windhoek]] | source1_location = [[Khomas Highland]] | mouth = [[Atlantic Ocean]] | mouth_location = [[Walvis Bay]] | mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|ft|abbr=on}} | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|23|07|S|14|32|E|display=inline, title}} | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = [[Namibia]] | subdivision_type2 = Regions | subdivision_name2 = [[Khomas Region|Khomas]], [[Erongo Region|Erongo]] | source_elevation = | length = {{circa}} {{convert|480|km|mi|abbr=on}} | basin_size = {{convert|15500|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = {{circa}} {{convert|20|e6m3/a}} | tributaries_left = [[Gomab River]], [[Ojab River]], [[Chausib River]], [[Gaub River]] | tributaries_right = [[Koam River]], [[Nausgomab River]], [[Goagos River]] | waterbodies = [[Friedenau Dam]] }}
The '''Kuiseb River''' is an [[ephemeral]] river in western-central [[Namibia]]. Its source is in the [[Khomas Highland]] west of [[Windhoek]]. From there it flows westwards through the [[Namib-Naukluft National Park]] and the [[Namib]] desert to [[Walvis Bay]]. Several settlements of the [[Topnaar people]] are on the banks of the lower Kuiseb, for instance [[Homeb]], [[Sandfontein, Namibia|Sandfontein]], [[Rooibank]], and [[Utuseb]].{{sfn|Malan|1998|p=120–125}}{{sfn|Moritz|1997|pp=4-5}} Inflows of the Kuiseb are [[Gomab River|Gomab]], [[Ojab River|Ojab]], [[Chausib River|Chausib]], [[Gaub River|Gaub]], [[Koam River|Koam]], [[Nausgomab River|Nausgomab]] and [[Goagos River|Goagos]].<ref name=Jacobson>{{Cite book | last1=Jacobson | first1=Peter J. | last2=Jacobson | first2=Kathryn M. | last3=Seely | first3=Mary K. | title=Ephemeral rivers and their catchments: Sustaining people and development in western Namibia |url=http://www.the-eis.com/data/literature/Ephemeral%20rivers%20and%20their%20catchments_1995.pdf | publisher=Desert Research Foundation of Namibia | place=[[Windhoek]] | date=1995 | pages=140–141 |isbn=9991670947 | format=PDF 8.7MB}}</ref>
The Kuiseb's [[catchment area]] (including its tributaries) is estimated to be between 15,500<ref name=Jacobson/> and {{Convert|16692|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Strohbach, B.J. |title=Mapping the Major Catchments of Namibia |url=http://www.nbri.org.na/sites/default/files/Mapping%20the%20Major%20Catchments%20of%20Namibia_draft.pdf |journal=Agricola |volume=2008 |date=2008 |pages=63–73 |isbn=9780353358164 |issn=1015-2334 |oclc=940637734 |format=PDF 1.0MB }}</ref> It has a mean run-off of roughly {{convert|20|e6m3/a}}.<ref name=el2010>{{cite news |title=ELECTIONS 2010: Erongo regional profile |publisher=[[New Era (Namibia)|New Era]] |url=http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=14109 |date=16 November 2010 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906113042/http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=14109 |archive-date= 6 September 2012 }}</ref> [[Friedenau Dam]], built in 1972, is on the river.<ref>[http://www.namwater.com.na/data/dams/friedenau.html Friedenau] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121140523/http://www.namwater.com.na/data/dams/friedenau.html |date=2008-11-21 }} at NamWater</ref> In January 2005, for the first time in years, the Kuiseb flowed to the ocean.
Between Naukluft and Namib the Kuiseb carved out a canyon in a barren and inaccessible area. During [[World War II]] the area around the Kuiseb Canyon served as a shelter for [[Henno Martin]] and [[Hermann Korn]] who moved there to wait the war out.<ref name=TSD>{{cite book | last = Martin | first = Henno | title = The Sheltering Desert | publisher = Two Books | year = 2006 | location = Hamburg | isbn = 9783935453035}}</ref> Two books and [[The Sheltering Desert|a film]] were subsequently published about this 2-year stay; the ruins of their shelter can be visited. On its course through the Namib the Kuiseb is bordered on one side by some of the tallest [[sand dune]]s in the world, and on the other by barren rock.<ref name=Jacobson/> The red sand dunes south of the river reach heights over 150 meters. The prevailing winds blow the dunes northward, but their movement is blocked by the river. In the process, so much sand and silt is deposited in the Kuiseb that it only reaches the sea while it is in flood.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Morin|first1=Efrat|last2=Grodek|first2=Tamir|last3=Dahan|first3=Ofer|last4=Benito|first4=Gerardo|last5=Kulls|first5=Christoph|last6=Jacoby|first6=Yael|last7=Langenhove|first7=Guido Van|last8=Seely|first8=Mary|last9=Enzel|first9=Yehouda|date=April 2009|title=Flood routing and alluvial aquifer recharge along the ephemeral arid Kuiseb River, Namibia|journal=Journal of Hydrology|volume=368|issue=1–4|pages=262–275|doi=10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.02.015|issn=0022-1694}}</ref>
In 1907, the area between the [[Swakop River]] and the Kuiseb was designated by the German colonial administration as a game reserve. The area is currently part of the [[Namib-Naukluft National Park]]. The ''Desert Research Foundation of Namibia'' (DRFN) is located at [[Gobabeb]] on the banks of the river.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Desert Research Foundation of Namibia | publisher=namibweb.com | url=https://www.namibweb.com/drfn.htm | access-date= 3 October 2019}}</ref>
<gallery> File:Kuiseb River Nears the Ocean.jpg|Natural-colour satellite image of the Kuiseb River. File:Kuiseb bird eye view.jpg|Aerial view of Kuiseb River (2017) File:Kuiseb River Sand and Rock (2018).jpg|Kuiseb River (2018) File:gobabeb from air.jpg|Aerial view of the [[Gobabeb]] Training and Research Centre File:Henno Martin Shelter.jpg|Ruins of the Shelter of Korn and Martin File:Kuiseb.1.JPG|[[C14 road (Namibia)|C14]] bridge over the Kuiseb Canyon </gallery>
==See also== * [[List of rivers of Namibia]]
==References== ===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Literature=== * {{cite book |last=Malan |first=Johan S |title=Die Völker Namibias |trans-title=The Tribes of Namibia |year=1998 |publisher=Klaus Hess |location=Windhoek, Göttingen |language=German }} * {{cite book |last=Moritz |first=Walter |title=Verwehte Spuren in der Namibwüste - Alte Ansiedlungen am Kuiseb |trans-title=Withered Traces in the Namib - Old Settlements on the river Kuiseb |language=German |year=1997 |publisher=Typoprint |location=Windhoek |isbn=99916-750-0-0 }}
*''The original entry was from the [[NASA Earth Observatory]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20031230142225/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=4087]''
===Videos=== *{{YouTube|ymyhjQ50M2A|'HURININ People of the Sea' - The Topnaar people’s search for human rights and recognition}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Kuiseb River}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20031230142225/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=4087 NASA Earth Explorer page] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140417085156/http://www.ufz.de/export/data/global/29151_ufzdiss5_2010_.pdf PhD Dissertation at the Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ]
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[[Category:Rivers of Namibia]] [[Category:Geography of Khomas Region]] [[Category:Geography of Erongo Region]] [[Category:Namib-Naukluft National Park]]