Kousséri

{{short description|City in Far North Province, Cameroon}} {{More citations needed|date=July 2010}} {{Infobox settlement   |official_name = Kousséri |other_name = Mser, Fort Fureau |native_name = قصور |native_name_lang = ar |nickname = |settlement_type =  |motto =  |image_skyline = Wahid_at_sultanate_of_Kousséri.JPG |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Cameroon |pushpin_label_position =above |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Cameroon  |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = 25px Cameroon |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Far North Province |subdivision_type2 = Division |subdivision_name2 = Logone-et-Chari |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 =  |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title =  |established_date = |established_title2 =  |established_date2 = |established_title3 =  |established_date3 =  |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 =  |area_land_km2 =  |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi =  |population_as_of =2005 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total =89,123 (Census) |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi =  |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|12|04|42|N|15|01|51|E|region:CM|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes =  |elevation_m = 271 |elevation_ft =  |postal_code_type =  |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = Climate |blank_info = BSh |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }}

'''Kousséri''' (from {{langx|ar|قصور}} ''quṣūr'' meaning "palaces"), founded and known as '''Mser''' in the indigenous Mser language,<ref>{{cite web |title=KOUSSERI |url=http://cvuc.cm/national/index.php/fr/carte-communale/region-du-sud/125-association/carte-administrative/extreme-nord/logone-et-chari/534-kousseri |website=Communes et Villes Unies de Cameroun |access-date=23 March 2020}}</ref> is a city in Far North Province, Cameroon. It is the capital of the Logone-et-Chari department. It is a market town, and its population has recently been swollen by refugees from Chad. It had a population of 89,123 at the 2005 Census. The majority of the population are Shuwa Arabs with Chadian Arabic used as the lingua franca.

It forms a transborder agglomeration with the city of N'Djamena, capital of Chad, from which it is separated by the Logone River and the Chari River.<ref>[https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/development/cahiers-de-l-afrique-de-l-ouest_20743556 Cahiers de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Dynamiques de l'Urbanisation Africaine 2020: Africapolis, Une Nouvelle Géographie Urbaine]. OECD. 20 fevereiro 2020</ref>

==History== Kousséri was part of the Bornu Empire. In March 1846, Omar (son of Sheik Mohammed), nominal general of the Bornu sultan Ibrahim, suffered a defeat at Kousséri.<ref>Helmolt, Hans F. (ed.) (1903) ''The history of the world; a survey of a man's record, Volume III: West Asia and Africa'' Dodd, Meade and Co., New York, [https://books.google.com/books?id=mQLSAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA536 p. 536], {{OCLC|1193060}}</ref> In 1900 the village was occupied by soldiers of Rabij az-Zubayr (Rabih), a Sudanese warlord. On 3 March it was taken by the combined forces of two French expeditions, one under Major Lamy from Algeria and the other under Lt. Paul Joalland from Senegal and local forces opposed to Rabih. Rabih was not in Kousseri at the time but established himself in a fort on the right bank of the Chari. Lamy did not think he had sufficient forces to attack Rabih immediately, but waited until the beginning of April when he was joined by a third expedition that was coming up the Chari under Émile Gentil. When he arrived the combined forces crossed the Chari and attacked Rabih. The battle of Kousséri was a decisive battle which secured French rule over Chad.

==Gallery== <gallery> File:Fleuve chari, vu de Kousseri, qui se jette au lac Tchad.jpg|Chari river, from Kousséri File:Chari River (23265844792).jpg|Chari river, in Central Africa, separates N'Djamena, in Chad, from Kousséri in Cameroon File:Mototaxi.jpg|Trade on Logone river </gallery>

==Notes== {{Reflist}}

==References== {{Commons category|Kousséri}} *Porch, Douglas (1984) ''The Conquest of the Sahara'' Knopf, New York, {{ISBN|0-394-53086-1}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kousseri}} Category:French Equatorial Africa Category:Cameroon–Chad border crossings Category:Communes of Far North Region (Cameroon)