{{other places|Koronowo (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Koronowo | image_skyline = Koronowo - Rynek 2023.jpg | image_caption = Town square | image_flag = POL Koronowo flag.svg | image_shield = POL Koronowo COA.svg | pushpin_map = Poland | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{POL}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship|Kuyavian-Pomeranian]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Bydgoszcz County|Bydgoszcz]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Koronowo|Koronowo]] | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Patryk Stanisław Mikołajewski | established_title = Established | established_date = 7th century | established_title3 = Town rights | established_date3 = 1370 | area_total_km2 = 28.18 | population_as_of = 2024{{TERYT}} | population_total = 10679 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset_DST = +2 | utc_offset = +1 | coordinates = {{coord|53|19|0|N|17|56|0|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}} | elevation_m = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 86-010 | blank_name_sec2 = [[National roads in Poland|National roads]] | blank_info_sec2 = [[File:DK25-PL.svg|32px]] [[File:DK56-PL.svg|32px]] | website = http://www.koronowo.pl/ | blank_name = [[Vehicle registration plates of Poland|Car plates]] | blank_info = CBY }} '''Koronowo''' (<small>Polish pronunciation:</small> {{IPAc-pl|k|o|r|o|'|n|o|w|o}}; {{langx|de|{{audio|Krone an der Brahe - Polnisch Krone.ogg|Krone / Crone an der Brahe}}}}, archaic ''Polnisch Krone'') is a town on the [[Brda River]] in north-central [[Poland]], located in the [[Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship]],{{TERYT}} 25 km from [[Bydgoszcz]], with 10,679 inhabitants (2024). It is located in the historic region of [[Kuyavia]].
The town of Koronowo has an area of 2,818 [[Hectare|ha]] and this makes it one of the largest towns in [[Bydgoszcz County]]. The Koronowo [[municipality]] has an area of 41,170 ha and 23,052 inhabitants.
==History== {{stack|[[File:Polska ,Koronowo - widok miasta z punktu widokowego nr 15 - panoramio (4).jpg|thumb|right|Panorama of Koronowo]]}} In the [[Early Middle Ages]], a [[gród|Slavic stronghold]] was built in present-day Koronowo.<ref name=kor>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koronowo.pl/gmina/historia/historia-miasta?showall=&start=2|title=Historia miasta. Od ustroju plemiennego do cystersów|website=Gmina Koronowo|access-date=10 May 2020|language=pl}}</ref> It was included into the emerging Polish state in the 10th century and finally integrated with it in the 12th century.<ref name=kor/> In 1288 the [[Cistercians]] from nearby [[Byszewo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship|Byszewo]] founded an [[abbey]] in Koronowo.<ref name=kor/> The settlement prospered due to its location at the intersection of [[trade route]]s from [[Kuyavia]] and [[Greater Poland]] to [[Gdańsk]], and from the [[Chełmno Land]] to [[Pomerania|Western Pomerania]].<ref name=kor/> In 1359 King [[Casimir III the Great]] vested it with [[town privileges]], which however were not implemented<ref name=kor/> until 1370. The name Koronowo comes from the word ''korona'' ("crown"). Administratively it was located within the [[Inowrocław Voivodeship]] in the [[Greater Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Greater Poland Province]].<ref name=kor2>{{Cite web|url=https://www.koronowo.pl/gmina/historia/historia-miasta?showall=&start=5|title=Historia miasta. Dzieje do okresu zaborów|website=Gmina Koronowo|access-date=10 May 2020|language=pl}}</ref> A significant [[Battle of Koronowo|battle]] took place nearby in 1410 during the [[Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War]], in which [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Poland]] defeated the [[Teutonic Knights]].
King [[Casimir IV of Poland]] by virtue of [[privilege (law)|privileges]] of 1476 and 1484, established two annual [[fair]]s and a weekly market.<ref name=kor2/> Among the main activities of the population were [[craft]]s, [[pottery]], [[brewing]] and agriculture.<ref name=kor2/> In the 17th and early 18th century Koronowo suffered due to [[Swedish Empire|Swedish]] invasions, the [[Great Northern War]] and epidemics.<ref name=kor2/> King [[Augustus III of Poland]] established two more annual fairs to help revive the town.<ref name=kor2/>
As part of the [[First Partition of Poland]], Koronowo became part of [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] in 1772. The town of Koronowo was the administrative seat of the Koronowo district in the newly formed province of [[West Prussia]]. To distinguish it from the city of [[Wałcz|Deutsch Krone (Wałcz)]], it was called ''Polnisch Krone''. From 1807 to 1815, during the [[Napoleonic era]] it was part of the Polish [[Duchy of Warsaw]] and in 1815, after the duchy's dissolution, it fell back to Prussia. [[File:Koronowo - rynek. ante 1928 (70531091) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Market Square, before 1928]]
In 1871, the town became part of [[German Reich|Germany]]. Until the end of [[World War I]], it was part of the [[Kreis Bromberg|Bromberg district]] in the [[Prussia]]n [[Province of Posen]]. The narrow-gauge railway from [[Bydgoszcz|Bydgoszcz (Bromberg)]] was opened in 1895, followed by the standard-gauge railway from [[Tuchola|Tuchola (Tuchel)]] in 1909–1914. Due to the provisions of the [[Treaty of Versailles|Versailles Treaty]], the town along with the entire Bromberg district had to be ceded by Germany to the [[Second Polish Republic]] in 1919. It was part of the [[Poznań Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Poznań Voivodeship]] from 1919 to 1938 and of the [[Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Pomeranian Voivodeship]] from 1938 to 1939. 620 Jews lived in Koronowo in 1871, and 40 in 1933.<ref>{{cite web |title=JewishGen Locality Page - Koronowo, Poland |url=https://www.jewishgen.org/Communities/community.php?usbgn=-509807&scale=K |publisher=JewishGen.org |access-date=7 April 2022}}</ref>
[[File:Polish inmates in Koronowo prison.jpg|thumb|left|Polish prisoners in [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German-occupied]] Koronowo ([[World War II]])]] 13 Polish soldiers were killed on September 2, 1939, during the German [[invasion of Poland]], which started [[World War II]].<ref name="kor3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.koronowo.pl/gmina/historia/historia-miasta?showall=&start=9|title=Historia miasta. Mroczny czas okupacji|website=Gmina Koronowo|access-date=10 May 2020|language=pl}}</ref> In mid-September 1939, the German ''[[Einsatzgruppen|Einsatzgruppe IV]]'' entered the town to commit [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation|atrocities against the population]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|page=55}}</ref> During the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation]], the [[Polish people|Polish]] population was subject to mass arrests, [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expulsions]] and massacres. The Germans established a prison for Poles,<ref>Wardzyńska, p. 111</ref> in which 606 people died.<ref name="kor3" /> Many Polish inhabitants of Koronowo and nearby villages were murdered by the Germans in nearby [[Buszkowo, Bydgoszcz County|Buszkowo]] on 5–6 October 1939 and in the forest near Koronowo on 26 October 1939.<ref name=mw>Wardzyńska, p. 161</ref> Among the victims were local merchants, craftsmen and pre-war mayor Maksymilian Talaśka.<ref name=mw/> The Germans burned the bodies of the victims in attempt to cover up the crime.<ref name=mw/> Koronowo was captured by the Soviets in January 1945 and restored to Poland. {{clear|left}}
== Sport ==
* [[Victoria Koronowo]] - football club
==Gallery== <gallery widths="140"> Koronowo - panoramio (45).jpg|[[Gothic architecture|Gothic]]-[[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] Church of the Assumption of Mary Koronowo urzmiasta 1 7-2016.jpg|Town Hall (''Ratusz'') Koronowo - panoramio (35).jpg|[[Battle of Koronowo]] monument Brda Koronowo 1 7-2016.jpg|[[Brda (river)|Brda river]] in Koronowo </gallery>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *[http://www.koronowo.pl Municipal website] {{in lang|pl}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20051029095859/http://kwpi.w.interia.pl/ Koronowo portal] {{in lang|pl}} *[http://www.koronowo.pl/index.php?dzial=334 Koronowo - camera on-line] {{in lang|pl}} *[https://maps.google.com/?ll=53.310673,17.943077&spn=0.017308,0.040255&t=k Satellite photo from Google Maps] *{{cite book |url=http://atlasmiast.umk.pl/pliki/koronowo/AHMP_Koronowo_intro.pdf |title=The Historical Atlas of Polish Towns - Kujavia - Koronowo |last=Okoń |first=Emanuel |language=mul |volume=2, book 2|isbn=9788323134930 |publisher=Ministry for Science and Higher Education |year=2016}} *[https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Polish_inmates_in_Koronowo_prison.jpg Koronowo Zamek (Prison 1941-1945)]
{{Commons category|Koronowo}}
{{Gmina Koronowo}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship]] [[Category:Bydgoszcz County]]