{{Short description|Site of Nazi war crimes in Czechia}} {{Expand Czech|topic=struct|date=June 2018}} {{Infobox civilian attack | native_name = Kobyliská střelnice | title = Kobylisy Shooting Range | partof = {{ill|Heydrichiáda|cs}}, [[German occupation of Czechoslovakia]] | image = Kobylisy památník 2.jpg | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = Memorial cross and sculpture by Miloš Zet | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | location = [[Kobylisy]], [[Prague]], [[Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia]] | target = [[Czech resistance to Nazi occupation]] | coordinates = {{coord|50|7|54|N|14|27|47|E}} | date = {{start date|1942|05|30}}-<br />{{end date|1942|07|3}} | type = Mass executions | fatalities = 550 | injuries = | victims = {{hlist|[[Alois Eliáš]]|[[František Erben]]| [[Josef Mašín]]|[[Matěj Pavlík|Matěj Pavlík-Gorazd]]|[[Františka Plamínková]]| [[Evžen Rošický]]|[[Vladislav Vančura]]}} | perpetrators = [[Karl Hermann Frank]] | assailants = <!-- or | assailant = --> | susperps = <!-- or | susperp = --> | weapons = | numparts = <!-- or | numpart = --> | dfens = <!-- or | dfen = --> | motive = Revenge for the [[assassination of Reinhard Heydrich]] | inquiry = | coroner = | accused = | convicted = | verdict = | convictions = | charges = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> | module = }} [[Image:Kobyl strel3.jpg|thumb|Close-up of memorial plaques with names of the victims.]]
'''Kobylisy Shooting Range''' ({{Langx|cs|Kobyliská střelnice}}) is a former [[military]] [[shooting range]] located in [[Kobylisy]], a northern suburb of [[Prague]], [[Czech Republic]].
== History == The shooting range was established in 1889–1891, on a site that was at the time far outside the city, as a training facility for the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian]] (and, later, [[Czechoslovakia|Czechoslovak]]) army. During the [[German occupation of Czechoslovakia|Nazi occupation]] it was used for mass [[Execution by firing squad|executions]] as part of retaliatory measures against the [[Czech people]] after the [[Operation Anthropoid|assassination of Reinhard Heydrich]] in 1942. About 550 Czech patriots of every social rank were killed here, most of them between 30 May and 3 July 1942, when executions took place almost every day. Their bodies were subsequently [[incineration|incinerated]] in [[Strašnice Crematorium]].
The site was converted to a memorial after [[World War II]], and its current dimensions date to the 1970s when the large [[panelák]]s (Communist-era tower blocks) of a new [[housing estate]] encroached upon it. Kobylisy Shooting Range has had the status of national cultural monument since 1978. Today it is freely accessible and is within ten minutes' walk of the [[Kobylisy (Prague Metro)|Kobylisy]] or [[Ládví (Prague Metro)|Ládví]] metro stations.
==Notable victims== * [[Jan Auerhan]], director of the State Bureau of Statistics * [[General|Gen.]] [[Alois Eliáš]], prime minister * [[František Erben]], [[Czech Sokol movement|Sokol]] member and gymnast * [[Lieutenant Colonel|Lt. Col.]] [[Josef Mašín]] soldier, member of the [[Three Kings (Czech antinazi rezistance)|Three Kings resistance group]] * [[Matěj Pavlík|Matěj Pavlík-Gorazd]], bishop of the [[Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church|Czechoslovak Orthodox Church]], later canonised as St. Gorazd * [[Františka Plamínková]], senator, feminist * [[Evžen Rošický]], journalist, athlete * [[Vladislav Vančura]], physician, writer and film director * 26 citizens of [[Lidice]] (members of the Horák and Stříbrný families arrested before the extermination of the village, and men who were away at work that night)
== External links == {{commonscat|Kobylisy Shooting Range}} * [http://www.lidice.cz/obec/historie/kobyliska/index.html History of the site, complete lists of the executed, photogallery] {{in lang|cs}} * [https://www.praha8.cz/Kobylisy-Firing-Range.html Description of the site]
{{coord|50|07|54|N|14|27|47|E|region:CZ_type:landmark|display=title}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Prague]] [[Category:Execution sites]] [[Category:1942 in Czechoslovakia]] [[Category:Prague in World War II]] [[Category:National cultural monuments of the Czech Republic]] [[Category:Nazi war crimes in Czechoslovakia]] [[Category:World War II sites in the Czech Republic]] [[Category:Shooting ranges in the Czech Republic]] [[Category:1942 mass murders]]