Magma (band)

{{Short description|French progressive rock band}} {{Other uses|Magma (disambiguation)}} {{Update|date=March 2021}} {{Infobox musical artist  | name = Magma | background = group_or_band | image = MAGMA @ Roadburn Festival 2017 06.jpg | landscape = yes | caption = Magma performing live at Roadburn Festival, 2017 | origin = Paris, France | genre = {{hlist|Zeuhl|progressive rock}} | years_active = 1969–1983 1983-1996 (as ''Offering'') 1996–present | label = {{flatlist| * A&M * Musea Records * Philips * RCA * Seventh * Tomato * Utopia * Vertigo }} | website = {{URL|magmamusic.org/en/home}} | current_members = Christian Vander Stella Vander Isabelle Feuillebois Rudy Blas Hervé Aknin Francis Linon<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.facebook.com/zeuhlwortzmekanik/photos/a.853277758016632/2863521960325525/?type=3&theater |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/123777837633298/2863521960325525 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |url-access=limited|title=Magma 2020|website=Facebook | date=2019-12-20 | access-date=2020-01-20}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Simon Goubert Thierry Eliez Charles Lucas<ref name="CharlesLucas" /> Caroline Indjein Sylvie Fisichella Laura Guarrato | past_members = Francis Moze Jannick "Janik" Top Klaus Blasquiz Didier Lockwood Bernard Paganotti Benoît Widemann Teddy Lasry Himiko Paganotti Antoine Paganotti Emmanuel Borghi Bruno Ruder Laurent Thibault Jérémie Ternoy Jim Grandcamp James MacGaw Jérome Martineau-Ricotti Philippe Bussonnet Benoît Alziary Claud Angel Jean-Pierre Lembert Patrick Gauthier Yochiko Seffer Brian Godding }}

'''Magma''' is a French progressive rock band founded in Paris in 1969 by self-taught drummer Christian Vander, who claimed as his inspiration a "vision of humanity's spiritual and ecological future" that profoundly disturbed him. The style of progressive rock that Vander developed with Magma is termed "Zeuhl" and has been applied to other bands in France operating in the same period, and to some recent Japanese bands.<ref name=Zeuhl/>

Vander created a fictional language, Kobaïan, in which most lyrics are sung.<ref name=Wire-p2>{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.thewire.co.uk/articles/2324/?pageno=2 |title=Different Drummer: Magma – interview with Christian Vander, page 2 |magazine=The Wire |first=Paul |last=Stump |date=July 1995 |access-date=16 October 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604202006/http://www.thewire.co.uk/articles/2324/?pageno=2 |archive-date= 4 June 2011}}</ref> In a 1977 interview with Vander and long-time Magma vocalist Klaus Blasquiz, Blasquiz said that Kobaïan is a "phonetic language made by elements of the Slavonic and Germanic languages to be able to express some things musically. The language has of course a content, but not word by word."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.danbbs.dk/~m-bohn/magma/interview.htm |title=Da Zeuhl Wortz Mekanïk is kobaïan for Magma |publisher=Danbbs.dk |date=1996-08-20 |access-date=2011-10-30 |archive-date=2022-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221201193644/http://www.danbbs.dk/~m-bohn/magma/interview.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Vander himself has said, "When I wrote, the sounds [of Kobaïan] came naturally with it—I didn't intellectualise the process by saying 'Ok, now I'm going to write some words in a particular language', it was really sounds that were coming at the same time as the music."<ref>{{cite web|title=Magma, c'est moi|url=http://rockfort.info/content.aspx?cid=160 |author=Interview by David McKenna and Ludovic Merle, translated by David McKenna |date= 2009-11-12 |publisher=Rockfort.info}}</ref> In the course of their first album, the band tells the story of a group of people fleeing a doomed Earth to settle on the planet Kobaïa. Subsequently, conflict arises when the Kobaïans - descendants of the original colonists - encounter other Earth refugees. Later albums tell different stories set in more ancient times; however, the Kobaïan language remains an integral part of the music.

In 1986, the French label Seventh Records was founded to republish Magma's and Vander's work. Over the years, Seventh has also released albums by related artists such as Stella Vander, Patrick Gauthier, and Collectif Mu.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seventhrecords.com/ORG/bioseventh.html |title=Seventh Records |publisher=Seventh Records |access-date=2011-10-30}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Early years (1967–1972) === thumb|Band logo and inscription In early 1967, drummer Christian Vander played in the Wurdalaks and Cruciferius Lobonz, two rhythm and blues bands. With these groups, he wrote his first compositions, "Nogma" and "Atumba". The death of John Coltrane saddened Vander, who left the groups and traveled to Italy. He returned to France in 1969 and met saxophonist René Garber and bassist and conductor Laurent Thibault. Together with singer Lucien Zabuski and organist Francis Moze, they created the group Univeria Zekt Magma Composedra Arguezdra, shortened to Magma.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.bigbangmag.com/dmagma1.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070520204906/http://www.bigbangmag.com/dmagma1.php|url-status=usurped|archive-date=May 20, 2007|title=Magma - Rétrospective (1)|website=www.bigbangmag.com|access-date=2019-01-04}}</ref>

After their first tour, Magma experienced significant lineup turnover. Vocalist Lucien Zabuski was replaced with Klaus Blasquiz, and pianist Eddie Rabin, double bassist Jacky Vidal, and guitarist Claude Engel also joined the group. The group worked on material for three months in a house in the Chevreuse Valley. Eddie Rabin was replaced by François Cahen on keyboards, and Laurent Thibault abandoned bass to devote himself to production. Francis Moze became the new bassist. The band also expanded with a brass section, consisting of Teddy Lasry on saxophone and clarinet, Richard Raux on saxophone and flute, and Paco Charlery on trumpet. The group's first album, ''Kobaïa'', was released in the spring of 1970 by Philips Records. The group caused a sensation but audience reactions were mixed.<ref name=":0" />

After the album was released, Claude Engel, Richard Raux, and Paco Charlery left the group. Jeff Seffer replaced Raux on saxophone, and Louis Toesca replaced Charlery on trumpet. Their second album, ''1001° Centigrades'', was released in April 1971. The album won the band more exposure, including a performance at the Montreux Jazz Festival.<ref name=":0" />

In January 1972, Magma released the album ''The Unnamables'' under the alias Univeria Zekt. Intended as an introduction to Magma's sound, the album featured less contributions from Vander and was detatched from storylines featured in earlier albums. It would sell only 1,500 copies. This incarnation of the band would tour relentlessly throughout 1972, recording their last original song in September 1972 for Jean Yanne's 1973 film ''Moi y'en a vouloir des sous'', which remains unreleased.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://magma.fan.free.fr/info013.html|title=Moi y'en a vouloir des sous|access-date=19 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070401|title=Moi y'en a vouloir des sous (1973)|website=IMDB|access-date=19 February 2026}}</ref> Many musicians would leave the band towards the end of the year, including François Cahen, Louis Toesca, Jeff Seffer, and Francis Moze.<ref name=":0" />

=== ''Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh,'' to ''Üdü Wüdü'' (1973–1977) === In 1973, Vander formed a new lineup of the band, adding Stella Vander as a second vocalist, Claude Olmos on guitar, Jannick Top replacing Francis Moze on bass, René Garber on saxophone and clarinet, and Jean-Luc Manderlier on keyboards, among others. This new version of the band would release their most famous work ''Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh,'' which would later become their most acclaimed album, and gave them international fame,<ref name=":0" /> including a spot at the prestigious Newport Jazz Festival, their first American performance.

A lineup of Vander, Blasquiz, Jean-Pierre Lembert and René Garber would perform a demo of their piece "Ẁurdah Ïtah" on January 3, 1972. This recording was bootlegged and used as the soundtrack for Yvan Lagrange's 1972 film ''Tristan et Iseult'' without Magma's knowledge or permission.<ref name="Blasquiz">{{cite book | last = Blasquiz | first = Klaus | title = Au cœur de Magma | publisher = Le Mot et le Reste | location = Gémenos | date = 2013 | isbn = 978-2-36054-106-5 | language = fr, en | pages = 115–116, 215}}</ref> In 1974, after learning of Lagrange's film, Vander would approach him with an ultimatum to finance a re-recording or face legal action, to which Lagrange agreed, and under Vander's name, the band begrudgingly released ''Ẁurdah Ïtah'' under the name of ''Tristan et Iseult'';<ref name="seventhwurdah">{{cite web |url=https://www.seventhrecords.com/en/magma-19/wurdah-itah-remastered-25-mn-unpreviously-1263.html |title=Wurdah Itah Remastered + 25 mn Unpreviously Released Bonus! |website=Seventh Records |language=en |access-date=2023-09-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://robert.guillerault.free.fr/magma/textes/1978/disco.htm#wurdah |title=Tristan and Iseult |website=Robert Guillerault.free |language=fr |access-date=2025-11-23}}</ref> the album has been re-released in its intended format as Magma's fourth studio album since 1989.<ref name="wurdahallmusic">{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r524286|pure_url=yes}}|title=''Ẁurdah Ïtah/Tristan et Iseult''|publisher=Allmusic.com|accessdate=18 April 2011}}</ref><ref name="progarchives">{{cite web |url=http://www.progarchives.com/album.asp?id=7792 |title=MAGMA Christian Vander - ''Wurdah Ïtah'' music reviews|publisher=www.progarchives.com |accessdate=31 January 2010 }}</ref>

Magma were already in the midst of preparation for their next album, ''Köhntarkösz'', which was recorded less than a month later and released in September of that year. It was successful among fans, but not received as well among the public as ''Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh''.<ref name=":0" /> The band would then go on a long, year-and-a-half long tour of France, and after another member shakeup (Bernard Paganotti replacing Jannick Top on bass, Didier Lockwood added as a violinist, Jean-Pol Asseline and Benoît Widemann replacing Gérard Bikialo on keyboards, and Gabriel Federow replacing Claude Olmos on guitar), released their first live album, ''Live / Hhaï'', in December 1975, recorded at the Taverne de l'Olympia in Paris.<ref name="seventhrecords1">{{cite web|url=http://v2.seventhrecords.com/en/magma-19/magma-hhai-64.html|title=MAGMA - HHAI - Solution eCommerce PEEL|publisher=V2.seventhrecords.com|access-date=2012-07-31}}</ref>

In 1976, Top would be sought by Vander to rejoin the band as a co-leader; he would accept and split recording duties for ''Üdü Ẁüdü''. He would continue with the band until the end of the year, due to wanting to move on from the band. Most musicians who had worked with Vander from 1972 left the band throughout the same time - the band would briefly disband before reforming in spring 1977. Jean DeAntoni would replace Gabriel Federow on guitar, Guy Delacroix replacing Bernard Paganotti on bass, and Clement Bailly was hired as a second drummer.

=== ''Attahk'', ''Merci'', and changing sound (1978–1984)=== In 1978, Magma released the album ''Attahk''. Vying for more commercial success,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seventhrecords.com/MAGMA/REX13/cdattahk.html|title=CD ATTAHK|website=www.seventhrecords.com|access-date=2019-02-25}}</ref> the album included elements of soul, rhythm & blues, and funk music.

Celebrating 10 years as a band, in 1980, Magma performed three nights at L'Olympia in Paris, with guest appearances from many of the group's past musicians. These were recorded and released as ''Retrospektïẁ (Parts I+II)'' and ''Retrospektïẁ (Part III)''.

In early 1980, the band had attempted to record a new studio album, but failed. In 1981, Magma would play a number of shows around France, including a three-week residency at Paris's Bobino in 1981, which was recorded and filmed, and later released as ''Concert Bobino 1981''; this concert would feature some discarded material, including "Retrovision", which Vander has gone at length to say he will never record again.

In 1982, Vander started work on a passion project to celebrate jazz and John Coltrane's life. This would result in ''Merci''. Essentially a Vander solo album, it would take two years of continuous recording sessions before a provisional unmixed version was released in late 1984, with a finalised version released in May 1985.

=== Transition into ''Offering'' (1983–1996) === By 1983, Magma had metamorphosised into a more improvised and unstructured style. This new incarnation of the band would become known as '''Offering''', the "improvised side of Magma"; the band did not breakup and the current lineup was kept the same through projects. Offering would continue to perform both new material and old, and when performing live, often the band was still referred to as Magma. An example of this was in 1988, when professional snooker champion Steve Davis would convince Vander to perform three shows at the Bloomsbury Theatre in London as Magma; most material performed was from Offering.<ref>{{cite news|first=Jonathan|last=Romney|title=Magma - London Bloomsbury Theatre|date=January 1988|newspaper=The Guardian|url=http://robert.guillerault.free.fr/magma/textes/1988/88guardian1.htm|access-date=27 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=FORBIDDING PLANET|url=https://recordcollectormag.com/articles/forbidding-planet|access-date=5 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Magma's Retrospektïẁ, Reviewed By Snooker's Steve Davis|date=21 November 2017 |url=https://thequietus.com/articles/23627-magma-retrospectiw-reissue-album-review-steve-davis|access-date=5 May 2021}}</ref>

Offering would release three albums, ''Offering I-II'' (1986), ''Offering III-IV'' (1990), and ''A Fiïèh'' (1993). The first and third albums were positively received, while the second received mixed reception.<ref name="Art Zero">{{cite magazine|title=OFFERING, groupe mal-aimé à l'occasion de la sortie de "Live au Déjazet 1987"|first=Jérôme|last=Schmidt|magazine=Art Zéro|issue=5|date=February 1998|access-date=27 February 2026}}</ref> The piece ''Les cygnes et les corbeaux'', regularly played live by the band, was teased as a fourth studio album. This would later be released as a Christian Vander solo album in 2002.

=== Reformation (1996–present) === In 1995, Offering would stop regularly performing.<ref name="Art Zero"/> The following year, friend Bernard Ivan asked Vander if he was considering reviving Magma, as he was confident he could get Vander concert dates. Vander agreed, but confessed that he didn't think there would be any remaining interest in the band. Ivan came back to Vander to tell him he fully booked a number of gigs for Magma and Vander, surprised, quickly gathered friends in the music scene and the lineup from ''Offering'' to create a new 14-piece Magma.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.furious.com/perfect/magma2.html|title=Christian Vander interview|date=January 2001|access-date=24 May 2021}}</ref>

Vander decided to revive some sections of tracks he had written back in 1972-1973 while working on ''Köhntarkösz'' on this new tour. Eventually, these merged into one big composition ''K.A (Köhntarkösz Anteria)'', which released in 2004 to acclaim and surprise at their comeback. ''K.A'' is conceptually the prequel to ''Köhntarkösz'', which was then followed up by a sequel ''Ëmëhntëhtt-Ré'' in 2009, ending a narrative trilogy between the three albums.

On 30 September 2022 Magma released their fifteenth album ''Kartëhl''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bravewords.com/news/magma-to-release-kartehl-album-this-month |title=Magma to Release ''Kartëhl'' Album This Month |work=Brave Words |date=1 September 2022 |access-date=26 September 2022}}</ref> The album is a collective work of the band members. The copyright proceeds of the track ''Dëhndë'' will be donated to a charity for people with autism.<ref name="Kartehl">{{Cite web |url=https://www.seventhrecords.com/en/magma-19/kartehl-1316.html |title=KARTËHL |work=Seventh Records |accessdate=2022-08-15}}</ref>

By end of 2025 Jimmy Top left the band, followed by Charles Lucas as bassist.<ref name="CharlesLucas">{{Cite web |author=memorizator |url=https://kosmikmu.blogspot.com/2026/ |title=Un nouveau bassiste dans Magma |work=KoSmïk muZïk |date=2026-01-03 |language=fr |accessdate=2025-01-07}}</ref>

==Kobaïan== {{Infobox language | name = Kobaïan | creator = Christian Vander | created = 1969 | setting = Lyrics for a musical group | fam1 = constructed languages | fam2 = artistic languages | fam3 = fictional languages | posteriori = Based on elements of Slavic and Germanic languages and the scat-yodeling vocal style of Leon Thomas<ref name=Wire-p2/> | iso3 = none | glotto = none | ietf = [https://www.kreativekorp.com/clcr/ art-x-kobaian] }}

'''Kobaïan''' is a lyrical language created by Christian Vander for Magma.{{sfn|Buckley|2003|p=629}}{{sfn|Macan|1997|p=1976}}<ref name=Telegraph/> It is the language of '''Kobaïa''', a fictional planet invented by Vander and the setting for a musical "space opera" sung in Kobaïan by Magma on fifteen concept albums.<ref name=Wire-p2/><ref name=TinyMixTapes>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tinymixtapes.com/Magma |title=Magma: Mekanik Destruktiw Kommandoh |website=Tiny Mix Tapes |access-date=16 October 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615144824/http://tinymixtapes.com/Magma |archive-date=15 June 2008}}</ref><ref name=AMG>{{Cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p7020/biography|pure_url=yes}} |title=Magma |website=AllMusic |first=Jason |last=Ankeny |access-date=16 October 2009}}</ref>

===Development=== French drummer and composer Christian Vander formed Magma in late 1969 in an attempt to fill the void left by the death of American jazz musician and composer John Coltrane.<ref name=Wire-p2/> Magma's first album, ''Magma'' (later reissued as ''Kobaïa''), told a story of refugees fleeing a future Earth and settling on a fictional planet called Kobaïa.<ref name=PSF>{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.furious.com/perfect/magma.html |title=Magma |magazine=Perfect Sound Forever |first=Peter |last=Thelen |year=1995|access-date=16 October 2009}}</ref> The lyrics were all in Kobaïan (except the title track, sung mostly in English), a language Vander constructed for the album, some sung by soloists and others by "massive quasi-operatic choruses".<ref name=Wire-p2/> Over the next three decades, Magma have made fifteen albums that continues the mythology of Kobaïa, all sung in Kobaïan.<ref name=TinyMixTapes/>

Vander (his Kobaïan name is Zëbëhn Straïn dë Ğeuštaah) said in an interview that he invented Kobaïan for Magma because "French just wasn't expressive enough. Either for the story or for the sound of the music".<ref name=Telegraph/><ref name=Wire-p4>{{Cite magazine|url=http://www.thewire.co.uk/articles/2324/?pageno=4 |title=Different Drummer: Magma – interview with Christian Vander, page 4 |magazine=The Wire |first=Paul |last=Stump |date=July 1995 |access-date=16 October 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604202020/http://www.thewire.co.uk/articles/2324/?pageno=4 |archive-date= 4 June 2011}}</ref> He said that the language developed in parallel with the music, that sounds appeared as he was composing on a piano.<ref name=DrummerWorld>{{Cite web|url=http://www.drummerworld.com/drummers/Christian_Vander.html |title=Christian Vander interview |website=Drummerworld |first=Theresa |last=Stern |access-date=16 October 2009}}</ref> Vander based Kobaïan in part on elements of Slavic and Germanic languages and in part on the scat-yodeling vocal style of American avant-garde jazz singer Leon Thomas.<ref name=Wire-p2/> The subsequent expansion of the language became a group effort, and as Magma's personnel changed, so new ideas were incorporated into the language (and the music).<ref name=PSF/>

British music critic Ian MacDonald said that Kobaïan is "phonetic, not semantic", and that it is based on "sonorities, not on applied meanings".<ref name=MacDonald>{{Cite web|url=http://www.orkalarm.co.uk/orkalarm04/04_an_irresistible_life_force.htm |title=An Irresistible Life Force |website=Ork Alarm! |year=1975 |first=Ian |last=MacDonald |author-link=Ian MacDonald |access-date=16 October 2009 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120227200309/http://www.orkalarm.co.uk/orkalarm04/04_an_irresistible_life_force.htm |archive-date=27 February 2012}}</ref> One of Magma's singers, Klaus Blasquiz, described Kobaïan as "a language of the heart" whose words are "inseparable from the music".<ref name=MacDonald/> Magma expert Michael Draine said "the abstraction provided by the Kobaïan verse seems to inspire Magma's singers to heights of emotional abandon rarely permitted by conventional lyrics".<ref name=Wire-p2/>

The Kobaïan lyrics on Magma's albums were generally not translated (though both Kobaïan lyrics and an English translation were provided for the first UK release on A&M of ''Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh''), but clues to the unfolding story of Kobaïa were given in French in the albums' liner notes. While the original intent of the language was to avoid over-scrutiny, unofficial Kobaïan online lexicons were created by Magma fans, and Vander himself has since translated many of the words.<ref name=TinyMixTapes/>

===Influence=== Christian Vander called Magma's music "Zeuhl" (Kobaïan for "celestial"),<ref name=Wire-p3/> and it influenced a number of other (mostly French) bands, including Zao (France), Art Zoyd (France) and Univers Zero (Belgium).{{sfn|Buckley|2003|p=630}} Zeuhl later became a music genre which was used to describe music similar to that of Magma.<ref name=Gibraltar>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gepr.net/genre2.html |title=A Guide to the Progressive Rock Genres |website=The Gibraltar Encyclopedia of Progressive Rock |first=Mike |last=McLatchey |access-date=16 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151207201957/http://www.gepr.net/genre2.html |archive-date=7 December 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=LastFM>{{Cite web|url=http://www.last.fm/music/Christian+Vander|title=Christian Vander |website=Last.fm |access-date=16 October 2009}}</ref> Several Japanese Zeuhl bands also sprang up, including Ruins and Kōenji Hyakkei, whose lyrics are also sung in a constructed language similar to Kobaïan.<ref name=TinyMixTapes/>

==Style and influences== {{anchor|Zeuhl}} Christian Vander has described the style of progressive rock that he developed with Magma in France from 1969 onwards as "zeuhl".<ref name="Wagner2010">{{cite book|author=Jeff Wagner|title=Mean Deviation: Four Decades of Progressive Heavy Metal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ZwZcZ2X5ToC&pg=PA242|year=2010|publisher=Bazillion Points Books|isbn=978-0-9796163-3-4|page=242}}</ref> Dominique Leone, writing for ''Pitchfork'', says the style is "about what you'd expect an alien rock opera to sound like: massed, chanted choral motifs, martial, repetitive percussion, sudden bursts of explosive improv and just as unexpected lapses into eerie, minimalist trance-rock."<ref name="pitchfork-ka">{{cite web|url=http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/5623-ka/|title= Pitchfork: Album Reviews: Magma: K.A|author=Dominique Leone|website= Pitchfork|author-link=Dominique Leone|date=9 Dec 2004}}</ref> The term comes from Kobaïan,<ref name=Wire-p3>{{cite web |url=http://www.thewire.co.uk/articles/2324/?pageno=3 |title=Different Drummer: Magma – interview with Christian Vander, page 3 |work=The Wire |author=Paul Stump |date=July 1995 |access-date=2009-10-16 |archive-date=2011-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604202033/http://www.thewire.co.uk/articles/2324/?pageno=3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the fictional language created by Vander for Magma.<ref name=Telegraph>{{cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/6250004/Magma-interview-for-Celestial-Mass.html |title=Magma interview for Celestial Mass |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |first=Peter |last=Culshaw |date=1 October 2009 |access-date=2009-10-16}}</ref> He has said that it means ''celestial'';<ref name=Wire-p3/> that "Zeuhl music means 'vibratory music'"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bigtakeover.com/interviews/immersing-oneself-in-magma-a-christian-vander-interview|title=Immersing oneself in Magma: a Christian Vander interview|author=Allan MacInnis|date=30 March 2015|publisher=Big Takeover|access-date=2018-05-17}}</ref> and that zeuhl is "''L'esprit au travers de la matière''. That is Zeuhl. Zeuhl is also the sound which you can feel vibrating in your belly. Pronounce the word Zeuhl very slowly, and stress the letter 'z' at the beginning, and you will feel your body vibrating."<ref name=marching>{{cite web|url=http://robert.guillerault.free.fr/magma/textes/2000/progress.htm|title=Marching to the beat of a very different drummer|author=John "Bo Bo" Bollenberg |date=Winter–Spring 2000|publisher=Progression, issue 34|access-date=2018-05-17}}</ref>

Originally applied solely to the music of Magma, the term "zeuhl" was eventually used to describe the similar music produced by French bands beginning in the 1970s.<ref name=Anderton-p417>{{cite journal |last=Anderston |first=Chris|title=A many-headed beast: progressive rock as European meta-genre |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=417–435 |jstor=40926943|doi=10.1017/S0261143010000450|journal=Popular Music|volume=29|issue=10|date=2010|s2cid=145065519 }}</ref> In addition to Magma, bands who are associated with the term include: Happy Family,<ref name=quietus>{{cite web|url=http://thequietus.com/articles/24011-wonderous-stories-prog-book-jerry-ewing-extract-interview|title=Ye Gods: The Twenty Greatest Prog Rock Record Sleeves|publisher=The Quietus|date=11 February 2018 |access-date=2018-05-17}}</ref> Kōenji Hyakkei,<ref>{{cite web|title=Koenji-Hyakkei: NIVRAYM Album Review|publisher=Pitchfork|author=Dominique Leone|date=11 March 2002|access-date=2018-05-17|url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/4504-nivraym/}}</ref> and Ruins<ref>{{cite web|title=Japanese noise-rock|author=Leonard Pirce|date=14 January 2010|url=https://www.avclub.com/japanese-noise-rock-1798218808|website=The A.V. Club|access-date=2018-05-17}}</ref> from Japan, and French band Zao.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rockthebestmusic.com/2015/04/imprescindibles-prog-cos.html|title=Los Imprescindibles del Progresivo, Parte III: Cos - Viva Boma|date=14 April 2015|author=Laurent Berger|publisher=Rock the Best Music|language=es|access-date=2018-05-17}}</ref>

The ''Chicago Reader'' wrote that Magma's music "could arguably be labeled modern classical, progressive rock, free jazz, or even psychedelia, but it's too big for any of those boxes".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://chicagoreader.com/music/magma-kartehl/ |title=Magma turn up the positivity on their new album, Kãrtëhl |last=Krakow |first=Steve |date=September 29, 2022 |work=Chicago Reader |access-date=2023-06-16}}</ref>

Vander was musically influenced by John Coltrane and Carl Orff.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Quietus {{!}} Features {{!}} Speaking In Tongues: Magma Interviewed By Musicians |url=https://thequietus.com/articles/27223-magma-interview-christian-stella-vander |access-date=2022-04-26 |website=The Quietus |date=9 October 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref>

The mythology of Kobaïa seems to be strongly influenced by the esoteric ''The Urantia Book'', a kind of pseudo-bible that combines religious elements of various origins with scientific findings and science fiction. Furthermore, the motifs surrounding the myth of Kobaïa, particularly in the first three albums, have similarities with Johannes Kepler's novel ''Somnium'' from 1634, Francis Godwin's novel ''The Man in the Moone'' from 1638 and Cyrano de Bergerac's ''The Other World'' (Orig. ''L'autre monde''), whose works gained new popularity in France in the 1970s. With the album ''Theusz Hamthaak'', the motifs increasingly approach modern science fiction literature of the 20th century such as H. G. Wells' ''The Time Machine'', Olaf Stapledon's ''The Last and the First Men'' and ''The Star Maker'' of 1930 or Arthur C. Clarke's ''The Last Generation'' from 1953. However, Vander has not yet commented directly on the sources of his inspirations.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Łukasz |last=Stec |title=Space Utopia in the 1970s of the Twentieth Century on the Basis of the Kobaïan World |editor=Ksenia Olkusz |editor2=Michał Kłosiński |editor3=Krzysztof M. Maj |journal=More After More. Essays Commemorating the Five Hundredth Anniversary of Thomas More's Utopia |series=Forntiers of Nowhere |volume=1 |publisher=Ośrodek Badawczy Facta Ficta |location= |date=2016 |pages=406–419 |isbn=978-83-942923-4-8 |url=https://depot.ceon.pl/bitstream/handle/123456789/11298/More%20After%20More.%20Essays%20Commemorating%20the%20Five-Hundredth%20Anniversary%20of%20Thomas%20More%27s%20Utopia.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2024-01-07}}</ref>

=== Legacy === The band is widely considered to be musically adventurous and imaginative<ref>{{cite web |last=Ankeny |first=Jason |title=Magma – Music Biography, Credits and Discography |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/magma-mn0000191376 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101175708/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/magma-mn0000191376 |archive-date=2012-11-01 |access-date=2012-11-14 |publisher=AllMusic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.progreviews.com/reviews/display.php?rev=mag-ka |title=Ground and Sky review - Magma - K.A |publisher=Progreviews.com |access-date=2012-11-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110072620/http://www.progreviews.com/reviews/display.php?rev=mag-ka |archive-date=2012-11-10 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.progreviews.com/reviews/display.php?rev=mag-mdk |title=Ground and Sky review - Magma - Mekanik Destruktiw Kommandoh |publisher=Progreviews.com |access-date=2012-11-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110072625/http://www.progreviews.com/reviews/display.php?rev=mag-mdk |archive-date=2012-11-10 }}</ref> among music critics. Magma uses choirs extensively in a way reminiscent of the composer Carl Orff.<ref>{{cite web|author=François Couture |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/wurdah-%C3tah-tristan-et-iseult-mw0001189854 |title=Wurdah Ïtah/Tristan et Iseult - Christian Vander, Magma : Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref> Magma's music is also highly influenced by jazz saxophone player John Coltrane, and Vander has said that "it is still Coltrane who actually gives me the real material to work on, to be able to move on".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.furious.com/perfect/magma.html#interview |title=Christian Vander Interview by George Allen and Robert Pearson, April 22, 1995 |publisher=Furious.com |date=1995-04-22 |access-date=2011-10-30}}</ref>

Many of the musicians who have played with Magma have also formed solo projects or spinoff acts. The Kobaïan term Zeuhl has come to refer to the musical style of these bands and the French jazz fusion/symphonic rock scene that grew around them.<ref name=Zeuhl>{{cite web|url=http://www.progarchives.com/subgenre.asp?style=11 |title=Zeuhl, a progressive rock music sub-genre [sic] |publisher=Progarchives.com |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref> Besides Christian Vander, other well-known Magma alumni include the violinist Didier Lockwood, bassist-composer Jannick "Janik" Top,<ref>{{cite web|author=Jannick Top |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/jannick-top-mn0001623378 |title=Jannick Top - Music Biography, Credits and Discography |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref> and spinoff act Weidorje.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.progarchives.com/artist.asp?id=1075 |title=WEIDORJE music, discography, MP3, videos and reviews |publisher=Progarchives.com |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref>

====Fandom==== The band has a number of high-profile fans. Punk rock singer Johnny Rotten,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.johnlydon.com/interviews/pil04.html |title=Interviews | 'The Public Image', January 2004 |publisher=John Lydon.Com |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref> metal musician Kristoffer Rygg,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avantgarde-metal.com/content/stories2.php?id=127 |title=Stories: Ulver – Born Again From The Merciless Mother |publisher=Avant-garde Metal |access-date=2012-11-14 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728050647/http://www.avantgarde-metal.com/content/stories2.php?id=127 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Steven Wilson of Porcupine Tree,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cartiledgeworld.co.uk/wilson.html |title=Perfect 10: Steven Wilson interview and photograph |publisher=Cartiledgeworld.co.uk |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref> Mikael Åkerfeldt of Opeth,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roadburn.com/2013/10/seminal-progressive-rock-pioneers-magma-confirmed-mikael-akerfeldts-curated-2014-roadburn-event/ |title=Seminal Progressive Rock Pioneers Magma Confirmed For Mikael Åkerfeldt's Curated 2014 Roadburn Event |publisher=Roadburn |access-date=2013-12-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217223942/http://www.roadburn.com/2013/10/seminal-progressive-rock-pioneers-magma-confirmed-mikael-akerfeldts-curated-2014-roadburn-event/ |archive-date=2013-12-17 }}</ref> Bruce Dickinson of Iron Maiden,<ref>{{Cite web |title=La radio de Bruce Dickinson, chanteur de Iron Maiden |url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/la-radio-de/la-radio-de-du-samedi-02-mars-2024-8426898 |publisher=Radiofrance |date=2024-03-02 |language=fr |access-date=2024-04-22}}</ref> Cattle Decapitation vocalist Travis Ryan,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonicbandwagon.com/interviews/cattle-decapitation-interview |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302002441/http://www.sonicbandwagon.com/interviews/cattle-decapitation-interview/ |archive-date=2020-03-02 |url-status=dead |title=Cattle Decapitation Interview|publisher=sonicbandwagon.com|access-date=2020-03-01}}</ref> magician Penn Jillette, and Chilean filmmaker Alejandro Jodorowsky have all stated their admiration of the band.

In the 1980s, British World champion snooker player Steve Davis declared himself a passionate follower of the band since his youth and used some of his winnings to promote a series of concerts by Magma in London.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/mar/07/snooker.features |title=My obsession |author=Lee Honeyball |work=The Observer |publisher=Guardian.co.uk |access-date=2012-11-14 |location=London |date=2004-03-07}}</ref>

Television journalist Antoine de Caunes wrote a biography of the band entitled ''Magma''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Magma (Rock et folk) (French Edition) |title=Magma (Rock et folk) (French Edition): Antoine de Caunes: 9782226005632: Amazon.com: Books |isbn=2226005633 |year=1978 |publisher=A. Michel }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.leparisien.fr/loisirs-et-spectacles/antoine-de-caunes-fan-de-magma-13-02-2009-409290.php |title=Antoine de Caunes, fan de Magma |publisher=Leparisien.fr |date=2009-02-13 |access-date=2012-11-14}}</ref>

In 2017, documentary filmmaker Laurent Goldstein directed ''To Life, Death and Beyond – The Music of Magma''. Interviewees include Christian Vander, Stella Vander, James MacGaw, Trey Gunn, Robert Trujillo, and Jello Biafra.<ref>{{cite AV media | people = Goldstein, Laurent (Director) | date = 2017 | title = To Life, Death And Beyond – The Music Of Magma | medium = DVD | language = en, fr }}</ref>

== Personnel == [[File:MAGMA @ Roadburn Festival 2017 03.jpg|thumb| Christian Vander at Roadburn Festival 2017]]

=== Members === * Violinist: Didier Lockwood * Guitarists: Claude Engel, Claude Olmos, Gabriel Federow, Marc Fosset, James Mac Gaw, Jean-Luc Chevalier (currently guitarist with Tri Yann ), Jim Grandcamp, Rudy Blas, Brian Godding. * Bassists: Jannick Top, Bernard Paganotti, Guy Delacroix, Francis Moze, Laurent Thibault, Michel Hervé, Dominique Bertram, Marc Éliard (currently bassist with Indochine), Philippe Bussonnet, Jimmy Top * Keyboardists: Benoît Widemann, Michel Graillier, Gérard Bikialo, Jean Luc Manderlier, François "Faton" Cahen (former leader of the group Zao), Guy Khalifa, Sofia Domancich, Patrick Gauthier, Simon Goubert, Pierre-Michel Sivadier, Jean Pol Asseline, Jean Pierre Fouquey, Frédéric D'Oelsnitz, Benoît Alziari (plus vibraphone and theremin), Emmanuel Borghi, Bruno Ruder, Thierry Eliez * Saxophonists: Teddy Lasry, Richard Raux, Alain Guillard, René Garber and Jeff "Yochk’o" Seffer * Trumpeters: Louis Toesca and Yvon Guillard * Male vocalists: Klaus Blasquiz, Christian Vander, Guy Khalifa, Antoine Paganotti and Hervé Aknin * Female vocalists: Stella Vander, Isabelle Feuillebois, Maria Popkiewicz, Liza de Luxe, Himiko Paganotti, Sandrine Fougère, Sandrine Destefanis, Sylvie Fisichella, Laura Guarrato * Drummers and percussionists: Christian Vander, Michel Garrec, Doudou Weiss, Simon Goubert, Clément Bailly, Claude Salmiéri, François Laizeau.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://robert.guillerault.free.fr/magma/index2.htm|title=Magma Web Press Book|website=Robert.guillerault.free.fr|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref>

{{Hidden begin|style = border: 1px solid grey;|titlestyle = background-color: palegrey; text-align: right; font-style:; text-align:center; |title=<big>History of the members</big> (a hidden table) }} {| class="wikitable" |- !Period !Formation !Recording |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| Early 1969 | * '''Lucien Zabuski''' – vocals * '''Jean-Jacques Ferry''' – guitar * '''Eric Grimbert''' – guitar * '''Francis Moze''' – keyboards * '''Laurent Thibault''' – bass * '''Christian Vander''' – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| April 1969 – August 1969 | * Lucien Zabuski – vocals * '''Claude Engel''' – guitar * '''René Garber''' – saxophone, clarinet * '''Guy Marco''' – trumpet * '''René Morizur''' – saxophone * '''Eddy Rabbin''' – keyboards * Laurent Thibault – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| August 1969 – October 1969 | * '''Klaus Blasquiz''' – vocals * Claude Engel – guitar * René Garber – saxophone, clarinet * Guy Marco – trumpet * René Morizur – saxophone * Eddy Rabbin – keyboards * Laurent Thibault – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| October 1969 – January 1970 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Claude Engel – guitar * René Garber – saxophone, clarinet * '''Alain "Paco" Charlery''' – trumpet * '''Richard Raux''' – saxophone, flute * '''François Cahen''' – keyboards * Laurent Thibault – bass * Jacky Vidal – double bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| January 1970 – August 1970 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Claude Engel – guitar, flute, vocals * Alain "Paco" Charlery – trumpet, percussion * '''Teddy Lasry''' – saxophone, flute, woodwinds * '''Richard Raux''' – saxophones, flute * François Cahen – keyboards * '''Francis Moze''' – bass, double bass * Christian Vander – drums, vocals | ''Magma'' (1970) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| October 1970 – December 1970 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Claude Engel – guitar * Teddy Lasry – clarinet, saxophone, flute * '''Jeff Seffer''' – saxophone, bass clarinet * François Cahen – keyboards * Francis Moze – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid January 1971 – end December 1971 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Claude Engel – guitar (not on ''1001° Centigrades'') * Teddy Lasry – clarinet, saxophone, flute * Jeff Seffer – saxophone, bass clarinet * '''Louis Toesca''' – trumpet (not on ''The Unnamables'') * François Cahen – keyboards * Francis Moze – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''Lucien Zabuski''' – vocals (studio only on ''The Unnamables'') * '''Lionel Ledissez''' – vocals (studio only on ''The Unnamables'') * '''Tito Puentes''' – trumpet (studio only on ''The Unnamables'') | ''1001° Centigrades'' (1971) ''Univeria Zekt - The Unnamables'' (1972) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| end December 1971 – beginning January 1972 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * Teddy Lasry – clarinet, saxophone, flute * Jeff Seffer – saxophone, bass clarinet * Louis Toesca – trumpet * François Cahen – keyboards * '''Jean-Luc Manderlier''' – keyboards * Francis Moze – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''Daniel Denis''' – percussion, drums (guest) | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning January 1972 – end December 1972 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Teddy Lasry – clarinet, saxophone, flute * Jeff Seffer – saxophone, bass clarinet * Louis Toesca – trumpet * François Cahen – keyboards * Jean-Luc Manderlier – keyboards * Francis Moze – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| end December 1972 – mid January 1973 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussions * '''Stella Vander''' – vocals * '''René Garber''' – saxophone, clarinet * Jean-Luc Manderlier – keyboards * '''Michel Graillier''' – keyboards (not on ''Mëkanïk Kömmandöh'') * '''Jean-Pierre Lambert''' – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals

| ''Akt X: Mëkanïk Kömmandöh'' (1989) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid January 1973 – March 1973 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals * '''Marc Fosset''' – guitar * '''Claude Olmos''' – guitar * René Garber – saxophone, clarinet * Jean-Luc Manderlier – keyboards * '''Gérard Bikialo''' – keyboards * Jean-Pierre Lembert – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| March 1973 – May 1973 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals * Claude Olmos – guitar * René Garber – saxophone, bass clarinet * '''Teddy Lasry''' – clarinet, saxophone, flute * Jean-Luc Manderlier – keyboards * '''Jannick Top''' – bass, cello, piano, vocals * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, piano, vocals | ''Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh'' (1973) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| June 1973 – July 1973 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals * Claude Olmos – guitar * René Garber – saxophone, clarinet * Teddy Lasry – saxophone, flute * '''Michel Graillier''' – keyboards * Jannick Top – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''Randy Brecker''' – trumpet (guest July 1973 US tour) * '''Michael Brecker''' – saxophone (guest July 1973 US tour) * '''Bill Watrous''' – trombone (guest July 1973 US tour) | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| August 1973 – end December 1973 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals * Claude Olmos – guitar * René Garber – saxophone, clarinet * Michel Graillier – keyboards * Jannick Top – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| January 1974 – March 1974 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Claude Olmos – guitar * Michel Graillier – keyboards * '''Gérard Bikialo''' – keyboards * Jannick Top – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | ''Akt XIII: BBC 1974 Londres'' (1999) ''Zühn Ẁöhl Ünsai - Live 1974'' (2014) ''Akt XVIII: Marquee Londres 17 Mars 1974'' (2018) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| March 1974 – August 1974 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Claude Olmos – guitar (not on ''Köhntarkösz'') * Teddy Lasry – saxophone, flute * Gérard Bikialo – keyboards * Jannick Top – bass, piano, cello, vocals * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, piano, vocals * '''Brian Godding''' – guitar (studio only on ''Köhntarkösz'') * Michel Graillier – keyboards (studio only on ''Köhntarkösz'') | ''Köhntarkösz'' (1974) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| September 1974 – November 1974 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * '''Gabriel Federow''' – guitar * '''Didier Lockwood''' – violin * '''Francis Lockwood''' – keyboards (briefly, replaced by Jean-Pol Asseline) * '''Jean-Pol Asseline''' – keyboards * '''Benoît Widemann''' – keyboards * Jannick Top – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| January 1975 – August 1975 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Gabriel Federow – guitar * Didier Lockwood – violin * Jean-Pol Asseline – keyboards * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Bernard Paganotti''' – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | ''Live/Hhaï'' (1975) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| September 1975 – February 1976 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Gabriel Federow – guitar * Didier Lockwood – violin * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Patrick Gauthier''' – keyboards * Bernard Paganotti – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | ''Akt IV: Théâtre du Taur Concert 1975 Toulouse'' (1994) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| March 1976 – September 1976 (first split) | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals * '''Liza Deluxe''' – vocals (not on ''Concert 1976 Opéra de Reims'') * Gabriel Federow – guitar * Didier Lockwood – violin * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * Patrick Gauthier – keyboards * Bernard Paganotti – bass, percussion, vocals * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, keyboards, vocals * '''Lucille Cullaz''' – vocals (studio only on ''Üdü Ẁüdü'') * '''Catherine Szpira''' – vocals (studio only on ''Üdü Ẁüdü'') * '''Pierre Dutour''' – trumpets (studio only on ''Üdü Ẁüdü'') * '''Alain Hatot''' – saxophones (studio only on ''Üdü Ẁüdü'') * '''Michel Graillier''' – keyboards (studio only on ''Üdü Ẁüdü'') * '''Jannick Top''' – bass, fret-cello, synthesizer, percussion, horn arrangement, vocals (studio only on ''Üdü Ẁüdü'') | ''Üdü Ẁüdü'' (1976) ''Akt IX: Concert 1976 Opéra de Reims'' (1996) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| November 1976 – January 1977 (first reformation) | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussions * Stella Vander – vocals, percussions * Gabriel Federow – guitar * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Jean-Pol Asseline''' – keyboards * Bernard Paganotti – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| January 1977 – mid 1977 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * '''Florence Bertaux''' – vocals * '''Jean De Antoni''' – guitar * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Guy Delacroix''' – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''Clément Bailly''' – drums (guest) | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid 1977 – end 1977 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * '''Liza Deluxe''' – vocals * Jean De Antoni – guitar * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * Guy Delacroix – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * Clément Bailly – second drums (guest) (not on ''Attahk'') * '''Jacques Bolognesi''' – trombone (studio only on ''Attahk'') * '''Tony Russo''' – trumpet (studio only on ''Attahk'') | ''Attahk'' (1977) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| January 1978 – mid 1978 | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Liza Deluxe – vocals * '''René Garber''' – clarinet * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * Guy Delacroix – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid 1978 – November 1978 (second split) | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals, percussion * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * '''Maria Popkiewicz''' – vocals * '''Jean-Luc Chevalier''' – guitar, bass * René Garber – clarinet * '''André Hervé''' – keyboards * Guy Delacroix – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| spring 1979 – mid 1979 (second reformation) | * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar, bass * André Hervé – keyboards * '''Michel Hervé''' – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | ''Akt XV: Bourges 1979'' (2020) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid 1979 – end 1979 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar, bass * '''Jean De Antoni''' – guitar * André Hervé – keyboards * '''Benoît Widemann''' – keyboards * Michel Hervé – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| end 1979 – January 1980 | * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * '''Jean-Michel Kajdan''' – guitar * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Francis Lockwood''' – keyboards * Michel Hervé – bass * '''Dominique Bertram''' – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| January 1980 – June 1980 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * '''Klaus Blasquiz''' – vocals, percussion * '''Jean-Luc Chevalier''' – guitar * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * Francis Lockwood – keyboards * Michel Hervé – bass * Dominique Bertram – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| June 1980 – end 1980 (reunion of old members for 3 shows) | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * '''Guy Khalifa''' – vocals (not on ''Retrospektïẁ I+II'') * '''Claire Laborde''' – vocals (not on ''Retrospektïẁ III'') * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar, bass * '''Claude Engel''' – guitar (not on ''Retrospektïẁ'') * '''Gabriel Federow''' – guitar * '''Didier Lockwood''' – violin * '''Teddy Lasry''' – flute, saxophone (not on ''Retrospektïẁ'') * '''René Garber''' – saxophone, clarinet (not on ''Retrospektïẁ I+II'') * '''Jeff Seffer''' – saxophone (not on ''Retrospektïẁ'') * '''Louis Toesca''' – trumpet (not on ''Retrospektïẁ'') * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Patrick Gauthier''' – keyboards * '''François Cahen''' – keyboards (not on ''Retrospektïẁ'') * '''Jean-Pierre Fouquey''' – keyboards (not on ''Retrospektïẁ I+II'') * Dominique Bertram – bass (not on ''Retrospektïẁ I+II'') * '''Bernard Paganotti''' – bass, guitar * '''Francis Moze''' – bass, keyboards (not on ''Retrospektïẁ'') * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''François Laizeau''' – drums, percussion (not on ''Retrospektïẁ I+II'') | ''Retrospektïẁ (Parts I+II)'' (1981) ''Retrospektïẁ (Part III)'' (1981) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| end 1980 – mid 1981 | * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * Guy Khalifa – vocals, keyboards * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar, bass * Jean-Michel Kajdan – guitar (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * René Garber – clarinet (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * '''Alain Guillard''' – wind instruments & trumpet * '''Yvon Guillard''' – wind instruments & saxophone * '''Arrigo Lorenzi''' – saxophone (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * '''Richard Raux''' – saxophone & flute (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * '''Francis Lockwood''' – keyboards (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * Dominique Bertram – bass * '''Marc Éliard''' – bass (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * '''Jannick Top''' – bass (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * Francois Laizeau – drums and percussion (not on ''Concert Bobino 1981'') * '''Doudou Weiss''' – drums | ''Akt V-VI: Concert Bobino 1981'' (1995) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid 1981 – beginning 1982 | * Stella Vander – vocals, percussion * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * Guy Khalifa – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar * Jean-Michel Kajdan – guitar * René Garber – saxophone & clarinet * Alain Guillard – wind instruments & trumpet * Yvon Guillard – wind instruments & saxophone * Arrigo Lorenzi – saxophone * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano * '''Patrick Gauthier''' – keyboards * Dominique Bertram – bass * Marc Éliard – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * Doudou Weiss – drums | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning 1982 – mid 1982 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar * René Garber – clarinet * Alain Guillard – trumpet * Yvon Guillard – saxophone * Arrigo Lorenzi – saxophone * Benoît Widemann – keyboards * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano * Patrick Gauthier – keyboards * Dominique Bertram – bass * Marc Éliard – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''Francois Kokelaere''' – percussion | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| mid 1982 – beginning 1983 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Maria Popkiewicz – vocals * Guy Khalifa – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar * René Garber – clarinet & saxophone * Alain Guillard – trumpet * Yvon Guillard – saxophone * Arrigo Lorenzi – saxophone * '''Michel Gaucher''' – saxophone * '''Denis Leloup''' – trombone * '''Christian Martinez''' – trumpet * '''Freddy Opsepian''' – trumpet * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano * '''Simon Goubert''' – keyboards * '''Michel Graillier''' – keyboards * Dominique Bertram – bass * Marc Éliard – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * Francois Kokelaere – percussion * '''François Laizeau''' – percussion | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning 1983 – end 1983 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Guy Khalifa – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar * Christian Martinez – trumpet * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano * Simon Goubert – keyboards * Michel Graillier – keyboards * '''Patrick Gauthier''' – keyboards * Dominique Bertram – bass * Marc Éliard – bass * '''Sylvin Marc''' – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * '''Pierre Moerlen''' – drums (guest) | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| end 1983 – end 1984 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Liza Deluxe – vocals * Guy Khalifa – vocals * '''Alex Ferrand''' – vocals * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar * Christian Martinez – trumpet * '''Michel Gaucher''' – saxophone * '''René Garber''' – clarinet & saxophone * '''Denis Leloup''' – trombone * '''Freddy Opsepian''' – trumpet * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano * Simon Goubert – keyboards * Dominique Bertram – bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * François Laizeau – percussion * '''Steve Shehan''' – percussion | ''Merci'' (1985) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| end 1984 – beginning 1985 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Lisa Deluxe – vocals * Guy Khalifa – vocals * Jean-Pierre Fouquey – piano * Jean-Luc Chevalier – guitar * Simon Goubert – keyboards * Dominique Bertram – bass * '''Guy Delacroix''' – bass * '''Jean-Marc Jafet''' – bass * '''Francis Moze''' – bass * '''Rémy Sarrazin''' – bass * '''Frédéric Briet''' – double bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * Pierre Marcault – percussion * Claude Salmieri – drums (guest) * Michel Le Bars – drums (guest) | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 1986 – 1990 solo projects of Christian Vander, Magma on stand by |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| February 1990 with OFFERING | * Stella Vander – vocals * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * Addie Déat – vocals * Jean-Francois Déat – vocals, keyboards * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Julie Vander – vocals * Franck Vedel – guitar * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Pierre-Michel Sivadier – keyboards * Marc Éliard – bass * Jean-Marc Duroure – bass * Philippe Dardelle – double bass * Christian Vander – drums, percussion, vocals * Marc Delouya – drums * Jean-Claude Buire – percussion | |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 1991 | * Julie Vander – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Addie Déat – vocals, keyboards * Jean-François Déat – vocals, keyboards * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Pierre-Michel Sivadier – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 1992 | * Stella Vander – vocals * Klaus Blasquiz – vocals * Didier Lockwood – violin * Antoine Paganotti – vocals, drums * Patrick Gauthier – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! bgcolor="#E7EBEE" | 1992 – 1996 | * Christian Vander – drums, vocals & composer * Stella Vander – vocals * Julie Vander – vocals, piano * Bénédicte Ragu – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Jean-Christophe Gamet – vocals * Alex Ferrand – vocals * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Pierre-Michel Sivadier – keyboards * Philippe Dardelle – double bass * Simon Goubert – drums, keyboards & piano |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 1996 | * Bertrand Cardiet – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Jean-François Déat – vocals, keyboards * Franck Vedel – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Pierre-Michel Sivadier – keyboards * Simon Goubert – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 1997 | * Bertrand Cardiet – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Jean-François Déat – vocals, keyboards * Franck Vedel – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Pierre-Michel Sivadier – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| October 1997 – 1998 | * Bertrand Cardiet – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * James McGaw – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Pierre-Michel Sivadier – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 1999 – 2001 | * Antoine Paganotti – vocals * Jean-Christophe Gamet – vocals, keyboards * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * James McGaw – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums * Claude Lamamy – vocals (Trianon concert 2000) * Fred Burgazzi – trombone (Trianon concert 2000) * Ronan Simon – trombone (Trianon concert 2000) * Benoît Gaudiche – trumpet (Trianon concert 2000) * Yannick Neveu – trumpet (Trianon concert 2000) * Julie Vander – vocals (Trianon concert 2000) |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| 2002 | * Antoine Paganotti – vocals * Himiko Paganotti – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * James Mac Gaw – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| March 2003 – 2005 | * Antoine Paganotti – vocals * Himiko Paganotti – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * James Mac Gaw – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Fred d'Oelsnitz – piano * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning February 2006 – 2008 | * Antoine Paganotti – vocals * Himiko Paganotti – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * James Mac Gaw – guitar * Philippe Bussonnet – bass * Benoît Alziary – vibraphone * Emmanuel Borghi – keyboards * Christian Vander – drums |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning February 2008 – 2012 | * Christian Vander – vocals, drums & composer * Hervé Aknin – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals, percussions * James Mac Gaw – guitar * Bruno Ruder – piano * Benoît Alziary – Fender Rhodes electric piano & vibraphone and thérémine * Philippe Bussonnet – bass |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning 2012 – December 2019 | * Christian Vander – vocals, drums & composer * Hervé Aknin – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals, percussions * James Mac Gaw – guitar * Bruno Ruder – keyboards * Benoît Alziary – Fender Rhodes electric piano & vibraphone and thérémine * Philippe Bussonnet – bass |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| December 2019 – beginning 2022 | * Christian Vander – vocals, drums & composer * Hervé Aknin – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals, percussions * Sandrine Destefanis - vocals * Sylvie Fisichella - vocals * Laura Guarrato - vocals * Rudy Blas – guitar * Jimmy Top - bass * Simon Goubert - keyboards * Thierry Eliez - keyboards |- ! style="background:#e7ebee;"| beginning 2022–Present | * Christian Vander – vocals, drums & composer * Hervé Aknin – vocals * Isabelle Feuillebois – vocals * Stella Vander – vocals, percussions * Caroline Indjein - vocals * Sylvie Fisichella - vocals * Laura Guarrato - vocals * Rudy Blas – guitar * Jimmy Top - bass * Simon Goubert - keyboards * Thierry Eliez - keyboards |} {{Hidden end}}

===Timeline=== ====1969–1983==== {{#tag:timeline|

#> Data master on frWiki :fr:Magma (groupe), please also actualize: :de:Magma (Band), :fi:Magma (yhtye)! <#

ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:18 PlotArea = left:120 bottom:110 top:0 right:15 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1969 till:30/06/1985 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy

Colors = id:drums value:orange legend:Drums id:vocals value:red legend:Vocals id:keys value:purple legend:Keyboards id:bass value:blue legend:Bass id:guitar value:green legend:Guitar id:sax value:tan2 legend:Saxophone id:flute value:lavender legend:Flute id:clari value:coral legend:Clarinet/Bass_Clarinet id:trump value:skyblue legend:Trumpet id:doublebass value:darkblue legend:Double_bass/Cello id:violon value:drabgreen legend:Violin id:percu value:claret legend:Percussion id:studio value:black legend:Studio_album id:live value:gray(0.75) legend:Live_recording id:bars value:gray(0.93)

BackgroundColors = bars:bars

Legend = position:bottom columns:4 ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1 start:1969 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:2 start:1970

BarData =

bar:Christian text:"Christian Vander" bar:Bailly text:"Clément Bailly" bar:Salmieri text:"Claude Salmieri" bar:Laizeau text:"François Laizeau" bar:Doudou text:"Doudou Weiss" † bar:Leroux text:"Philippe Leroux" bar:Moerlen text:"Pierre Moerlen" † bar:Zabu text:"Lucien Zabuski" † bar:Klaus text:"Klaus Blasquiz" bar:Stella text:"Stella Vander" bar:Liza text:"Liza Deluxe" bar:Flo text:"Florence Bertault" bar:Maria text:"Maria Popkiewicz" † bar:Zuress text:"Guy Khalifa" bar:Manu text:"Manu Leprince" bar:Guida text:"Guida De Palma" bar:Eddie text:"Eddie Rabin" bar:Moze text:"Francis Moze" bar:Faton text:"Faton Cahen" † bar:Jean-Luc text:"Jean-Luc Manderlier" bar:Mickey text:"Michel Graillier" † bar:Gérard text:"Gérard Bikialo" bar:Jean-Pol text:"Jean-Pol Asseline" † bar:Benoît text:"Benoît Widemann" bar:Patrick text:"Patrick Gauthier" bar:Fouquey text:"Jean Pierre Fouquey" bar:André text:"André Hervé" † bar:Thibault text:"Laurent Thibault" bar:Lembert text:"Jean-Pierre Lembert" bar:Jannick text:"Jannick Top" bar:Bernard text:"Bernard Paganotti" bar:Delacroix text:"Guy Delacroix" bar:Michel2 text:"Michel Hervé" bar:Dominique text:"Dominique Bertram" bar:Eliard text:"Marc Éliard" bar:Ferry text:"Jean-Jacques Ferry" bar:Goger text:"Erik Goger" bar:Engel text:"Claude Engel" bar:Fosset text:"Marc Fosset" † bar:Olmos text:"Claude Olmos" † bar:Gabriel text:"Gabriel Federow" bar:Jean text:"Jean de Antoni" † bar:Gorgo text:"Jean-Luc Chevalier" bar:Garber text:"René Garber" † bar:Morizur text:"René Morizur" † bar:Raux text:"Richard Raux" bar:Teddy text:"Teddy Lasry" † bar:Jeff text:"Yochk’o Seffer" bar:Alain.G text:"Alain Guillard" bar:Marco text:"Guy Marco" bar:Paco text:"Paco Charlery" † bar:Louis text:"Louis Toesca" † bar:Yvon.G text:"Yvon Guilard" bar:Vidal text:"Jacky Vidal" bar:Didier text:"Didier Lockwood" † bar:Kokelaere text:"François Kokelaere"

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bar:Kokelaere from:01/02/1982 till:30/06/1983 color:Percu bar:Morizur from:01/08/1969 till:31/10/1969 color:sax bar:Garber from:01/01/1969 till:31/12/1969 color:sax bar:Garber from:01/05/1972 till:31/12/1973 color:vocals bar:Garber from:01/09/1977 till:31/12/1977 color:vocals bar:Garber from:01/09/1978 till:31/07/1979 color:vocals bar:Raux from:01/11/1969 till:30/11/1970 color:sax bar:Jeff from:01/02/1971 till:31/08/1972 color:sax bar:Jeff from:09/06/1980 till:11/06/1980 color:sax bar:Teddy from:01/01/1970 till:31/10/1972 color:sax bar:Teddy from:07/07/1973 till:10/07/1973 color:sax bar:Teddy from:09/06/1980 till:11/06/1980 color:sax bar:Alain.G from:01/02/1981 till:27/02/1982 color:sax bar:Morizur from:10/12/1981 till:10/12/1981 color:sax bar:Marco from:01/08/1969 till:31/10/1969 color:trump bar:Paco from:01/11/1969 till:30/11/1970 color:trump bar:Louis from:15/01/1971 till:30/06/1972 color:trump bar:Louis from:09/06/1980 till:11/06/1980 color:trump bar:Louis from:10/12/1981 till:10/12/1981 color:trump bar:Yvon.G from:01/02/1981 till:27/02/1982 color:trump bar:Didier from:01/01/1975 till:30/11/1976 color:violon bar:Didier from:09/06/1980 till:11/06/1980 color:violon

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LineData = at:01/10/1970 color:studio layer:back #> Magma Kobaïa <# at:05/10/1971 color:studio layer:back #> 1001° Centigrades <# at:12/11/1971 color:live layer:back #> Concert 1971 Bruxelles Théâtre 14 <# at:01/01/1972 color:live layer:back #> Univeria Zekt: The Unnamables <# at:06/05/1973 color:studio layer:back #> Mekanïk Destruktïw Kommandöh <# at:06/02/1974 color:live layer:back #> Zühn Ẁöhl Ünsaï Live 1974 Bremen <# at:14/03/1974 color:live layer:back #> BBC 1974 Radio Londres <# at:17/03/1974 color:live layer:back #> Marquee Club 1974 <# at:15/06/1974 color:studio layer:back #> Ẁurdah Ïtah <# at:10/09/1974 color:studio layer:back #> Köhntarkösz <# at:01/01/1975 color:live layer:back #> Inédits <# at:05/06/1975 color:live layer:back #> Live Köhnark (Köhnzert Zünd) <# at:05/06/1975 color:live layer:back #> Live / Hhaï <# at:24/09/1975 color:live layer:back #> Théâtre du Taur, Concert 197 <# at:10/09/1976 color:studio layer:back #> Üdü Ẁüdü <# at:02/03/1976 color:live layer:back #> Concert 1976 Opéra de Reims <# at:05/03/1978 color:studio layer:back #> Attahk <# at:17/04/1979 color:live layer:back #> Bourges 1979 <# at:11/06/1980 color:live layer:back #> Retrospektïẁ I-II <# at:11/06/1980 color:live layer:back #> Retrospektïẁ III <# at:30/05/1981 color:live layer:back #> Concert Bobino 1981 <# at:04/05/1985 color:studio layer:back #> Merci <#

}}

====1990–present==== {{#tag:timeline|

#> Data master on frWiki :fr:Magma (groupe), please also actualize: :de:Magma (Band), :fi:Magma (yhtye)! <#

ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:18 PlotArea = left:120 bottom:80 top:0 right:15 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1989 till:{{#time:d/m/Y}} TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy

Colors =

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LineData = at:01/01/1989 color:studio layer:back #> Mekanïk Kommandöh <# at:03/10/1992 color:live layer:back #> Les Voix Concert 1992 <# at:15/10/1995 color:live layer:back #> Baba Yaga La Sorcière, quand les enfants chantent <# at:05/12/1998 color:studio layer:back #> Flöë Ëssi/ Ëktah <# at:14/05/2000 color:live layer:back #> Theusz Hamtaahk Trilogie <# at:08/10/2004 color:studio layer:back #> K.A <# at:17/09/2005 color:live layer:back #> Live in Tokyo <# at:20/10/2009 color:studio layer:back #> Ëmëhntëhtt-Rê <# at:01/01/2008 color:studio layer:back #> Archiw I + II (Studio Zünd) <# at:06/12/2009 color:live layer:back #> Alhambra I + II (Köhnzert Zünd) <# at:01/05/2011 color:live layer:back #> Triton Zünd Zëlëkt I (Köhnzert Zünd), Mythes et Légendes Epok I - IV <# at:02/07/2011 color:live layer:back #> Triton Zünd Zëlëkt II (Köhnzert Zünd), Mythes et Légendes Epok V <# at:03/07/2012 color:studio layer:back #> Félicité Thösz <# at:15/09/2014 color:studio layer:back #> Rïah Sahïltaahk <# at:21/11/2014 color:live layer:back #> Ëmëhntëtt-Rê Trilogie Triton(DVD) <# at:10/01/2015 color:studio layer:back #> Slag Tanz <# at:14/06/2019 color:studio layer:back #> Zess (Le Jour Du Néant) <# at:08/03/2020 color:live layer:back #> ESKÄHL 2020 <# at:30/09/2022 color:studio layer:back #> Kartëhl <#

}}

==Discography==

;Studio albums * 1970: ''Kobaïa'' (initially ''Magma'') * 1971: ''1001° Centigrades'' (or ''Magma 2'') * 1973: ''Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh'' ** 1989: ''Mekanïk Kommandöh'' (archival, original version of Mëkanïk Dëstruktïẁ Kömmandöh) * 1974: ''Ẁurdah Ïtah'' (originally ''Tristan & Iseult'' by Christian Vander) * 1974: ''Köhntarkösz'' * 1976: ''Üdü Ẁüdü'' * 1978: ''Attahk'' * 1985: ''Merci'' * 2004: ''K.A (Köhntarkösz Anteria)'' * 2009: ''Ëmëhntëhtt-Ré'' * 2012: ''Félicité Thösz'' * 2014: ''Rïah Sahïltaahk'' * 2015: ''Šlaǧ Tanƶ'' * 2019: ''Zëss'' * 2022: ''Kãrtëhl''

;Live albums * 1975: ''Live/Hhaï'' * 1977: ''Inédits'' * 1981: ''Retrospektïẁ (Parts I+II)'' * 1981: ''Retrospektïẁ (Part III)'' * 1989: Akt X: ''Mekanïk Kommandöh'' (earlier studio recording of Mekanïk Destruktïw Kommandöh from 1973) [different from the bonus track mentioned above] * 1992: Akt I: ''Les Voix De Magma'' (from August 2, 1992 at Douarnenez) * 1994: Akt IV: ''Theatre Du Taur Concert, 1975'' (from September 24, 1975) * 1995: Akt V: ''Concert Bobino 1981'' (from May 16, 1981) * 1996: Akt VIII: ''Bruxelles 1971'' (from November 12, 1971 at Theatre 140) * 1996: Akt IX: ''Opéra De Reims, 1976'' (from March 2, 1976) * 1999: Akt XIII: ''BBC 1974 Londres'' (from March 14, 1974 at the London BBC studios) * 2001: ''Trilogie Theusz Hamtaahk (Concert du Trianon)'', CD + DVD * 2008: Akt XV: ''Bourges, 1979'' (from April 17, 1979) * 2009: ''Live in Tokyo 2005'' * 2014: ''Zühn Wöhl Ünsai – Live 1974'' (2 CD; Radio Bremen recordings) * 2018: Akt XVIII: ''Marquee - Londres 17 Mars 1974'' * 2021: ''Eskähl 2020'' (Bordeaux, Toulouse, Perpignan)

;EPs * 1998: ''Floë Ëssi/Ëktah'' * 2014: ''Rïah Sahïltaahk'' * 2015: ''Šlaǧ Tanƶ''

;Compilations/boxsets/other material * 1972: ''The Unnamables'' (studio album released under the alias "Univeria Zekt") * 1986: ''Mythes et Légendes Vol. I'' (compilation) * 1992: Akt II: ''Sons: Document 1973'' (recorded in 1973 at Le Manor, featuring a scaled-back line-up of Christian Vander, Klaus Blasquiz, Jannick Top and René Garber) * 1997: ''Kompila'' * 1998: ''Simples'' * 2008: ''Archiẁ I & II'' (included in the ''Studio Zünd: 40 Ans d'Evolution'' boxset) * 2008: ''Studio Zünd: 40 Ans d'Evolution'' (12 disc box set, includes ''Kobaïa'' to ''K.A'' plus ''Archiẁ'' I & II) * 2015: ''Köhnzert Zünd'' (12 CD; Live recordings, from ''Magma Live'' to ''Trilogie Au Trianon'' plus ''Triton Zünd'' and ''Alhambra 2009'') * 2017: ''Retrospektïw'' (3 LPs. Includes ''Retrospektïw'' I, II & III series. Limited edition of 1,500 numbered copies. Also includes the comic strip.) * 2023: ''Magma une histoire de Mekanik Coffret 50 ans Mëkanïk Dëstruktïw Kömmandöh'' (7 LP's of different M.D.K. versions. Limited edition of 2,000 numbered copies)

;Videos * 1995: ''Concert Bobino 1981'' (Akt VI), DVD (also released on VHS video cassette) * 2001: ''Trilogie Theusz Hamtaahk (Concert du Trianon)'', DVD + CD * 2006: ''Mythes et Légendes Epok 1'', DVD * 2006: ''Mythes et Légendes Epok 2'', DVD * 2007: ''Mythes et Légendes Epok 3'', DVD * 2008: ''Mythes et Légendes Epok 4'', DVD * 2013: ''Mythes et Légendes Epok 5'', DVD * 2016: ''Nihao Hamtaï – Magma in China'', DVD * 2017: ''Ëmëhntëhtt-Rê Trilogy'', DVD

== Awards == In October 2020, Magma was awarded “Jazz Band of the Year” alongside Trio Viret and the Dal Sasso Big Band at the Les Victoires du Jazz awards ceremony on Radio France.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiofrance.fr/francemusique/jazz-culture-palmares-des-victoires-du-jazz-2020-1903749 |title=Jazz Culture: palmarès des Victoires du Jazz 2020 |work=Radio France |date=2020-10-07 |language=fr |access-date=2025-11-25}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==Reading list== * {{cite book |first=Klaus |last=Blasquiz |title=Au coeur de Magma |publisher=Le Mot et le Reste |location=Gémenos |date=2013 |isbn=978-2-36054-106-5 |language=fr, en}} * {{cite book |last=Ferry (aka. Mephisto) |first=Didier |title=MAGMA 1975–2018 |publisher=Seventh Records |location=Montmorency |year=2022 |language=}} (Didier Ferry's photographic restrospective of 40 years band history)<ref>{{cite web |first=Jacopo |last=Vigezzi |url=https://progrockjournal.com/news-seventh-records-to-release-the-book-magma-photos-by-didier-ferry/ |title=Seventh Records to release the book "Magma – Photos by Didier Ferry" |work=Progressive Rock Journal |date=2022-07-07 |access-date=2024-10-07}}</ref> * {{Cite book|last=Macan |first=Edward |title=Rocking the classics: English progressive rock and the counterculture |publisher=Oxford University Press US |year=1997 |page=1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4U_NJpF_FmIC&pg=RA2-PA1976 |isbn=0-19-509888-9}} * {{Cite thesis |first=Reuben |last=Bradley |title=From Coltrane to Magma and beyond: Interpreting musical meaning through composition |publisher=Victoria University of Wellington |degree=Master of Musical Arts |date=2018 |url=http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/7780}} * {{Cite journal |first=Kevin |last=Holm-Hudson |title=Apocalyptic Otherness: Black Music and Extraterrestrial Identity in the Music of Magma |journal=Popular Music and Society |volume=26 |number=4 |publisher=Routledge |location=Abingdon |date=2003 |issn=0300-7766 |pages=481–495 |doi=10.1080/0300776032000144931}} (Analysis of the musical style of Magma) * {{Cite book|last=Buckley |first=Peter |title=The rough guide to rock |publisher=Rough Guides |year=2003 |pages=629–630 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ctjc6UWCm4C&pg=PT629 |isbn=1-84353-105-4}} * {{Cite book | last = Gonin | first = Philippe | author-link = | title = Magma - Décryptage d'un mythe et d'une musique| place = Marseille | publisher = Le Mot et le Reste | year = 2010| language = fr| isbn = 978-2-36054-000-6}}

==External links== {{Commons category}} * [http://www.seventhrecords.com/ Seventh Records], Christian Vander's record label * Dominic Leone: ''[https://trouserpress.com/reviews/magma/ Magma]'' on Trouser Press (short band history) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040124181214/http://www.utopic-records.com/ Utopic Records], Jannick Top's record label *[http://www.furious.com/perfect/magma.html The story of Magma, including the Kobaïa mythology]. ''Perfect Sound Forever''. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021064935/http://geocities.com/SunsetStrip/Alley/8366/MAGMA-KOBAIAN-dictionary.html Unofficial Kobaïan–English Dictionary]. * {{MusicBrainz artist | id=7f89e84d-4c35-4d53-a965-4f3ce1c4ef4f | name=Magma}} * {{Discogs artist|Magma (6)}} * {{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p7020|label=Magma}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Magma}} Category:Contemporary classical music ensembles Category:French jazz ensembles Category:French progressive rock groups Category:Musical groups established in 1969 Category:Musical groups from Paris Category:Zeuhl