Order of St. Gregory the Great

{{Short description|Papal Order of Knighthood of the Holy See}} {{For|the monastic order|Sylvestrines}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}} {{Infobox order | name = Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great | native_name = {{plainlist| * {{smaller|{{nobold|{{native name|la|Ordo Sancti Gregorii Magni}}}}}} * {{smaller|{{nobold|{{native name|it|Ordine di San Gregorio Magno}}}}}} }} | image = Gregoriusorden.jpg | alt = | caption = Knight Commander's cross of the Order of St. Gregory the Great | awarded_by = the {{flag|Holy See}} | type = Papal order of knighthood | established = {{Start date and age|1831|9|1|df=yes}} | country = | religion = Catholic | seat = | ribbon = | motto = {{plainlist| * {{native name|la|Pro Deo et Principe}} * {{native name|en|For God and Ruler}} }} | eligibility = | criteria = | status = Currently constituted | first_head = Pope Gregory XVI | head_title = Sovereign | head = {{Incumbent pope 2}} | classes = {{plainlist| * Knight/Dame Grand Cross (GCSG) * Knight/Dame Commander with Star (KC*SG/DC*SG) * Knight/Dame Commander (KCSG/DCSG) * Knight/Dame (KSG/DSG) }} | former_grades = Knight/Dame Grand Cross of the Second Class | website = | first_induction = | last_induction = | total = | higher = Order of Pope Pius IX | lower = Order of St. Sylvester | related = | image2 = 85px | alt2 = | caption2 = Ribbon bar of the order }}

The '''Pontifical Equestrian Order of St. Gregory the Great''' ({{langx|la|Ordo Sancti Gregorii Magni}}; {{langx|it|Ordine di San Gregorio Magno}}) was established on 1 September 1831, by Pope Gregory XVI, seven months after his election as Pope.<ref name="BegniGrey1914">{{cite book|last1=Begni|first1=Ernesto|last2=Grey|first2=James C.|last3=Kennedy|first3=Thomas J.|title=The Vatican: Its History, Its Treasures|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924020491084|access-date=31 August 2016|year=1914|publisher=Letters and Arts Publishing Company|page=[https://archive.org/details/cu31924020491084/page/n540 515]}}</ref>

The order is one of the five orders of knighthood of the Holy See. The honor is bestowed upon Catholic men and women (and certain notable non-Catholics)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jan-03-me-4508-story.html |title=Pope Bestows Knighthood on 64 Prominent L.A. Catholics |newspaper=LA Times |last=Dart |first=John |date=1998-01-03 |access-date=2018-04-25}}</ref> in recognition of their personal service to the Holy See and to the Catholic Church, through their unusual labors, their support of the Holy See, and the examples they set in their communities and their countries.

==History and appointment== {{See also|St. Gregory the Great}} The inaugural brief states, in part, that "gentlemen of proven loyalty to the Holy See who, by reason of their nobility of birth and the renown of their deeds or the degree of their munificence, are deemed worthy to be honored by a public expression of esteem on the part of the Holy See". The end of the brief states that they must progressively maintain, by continued meritorious deed, the reputation and trust they had already inspired, and prove themselves worthy of the honor that had been conferred on them, by unswerving fidelity to God and to the sovereign Pontiff.<ref>{{cite web |title= The Pontifical Order of Saint Gregory the Great |url= http://www.papalknights.org.uk/order-gregory.html |work= Papalknights.org.uk |publisher= Association of Papal Orders in Great Britain of Pius IX, Saint Gregory and Saint Sylvester |access-date= 2 October 2010 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101226063640/http://www.papalknights.org.uk/order-gregory.html |archive-date= 26 December 2010 }}</ref>

The awarding of the Order of St. Gregory the Great presents no particular obligations on the recipients toward the Catholic Church – except for the general ones stated above.

==Insignia== thumb|right|Knight's badge in the military division

An eight-pointed cross, the insignia of the order, bears a representation of St. Gregory on the obverse and on the reverse the motto {{lang|la|Pro Deo et Principe}} ("For God and Ruler"). The cross is suspended from a red and gold ribbon. In ecclesiastical heraldry, laymen awarded the high rank of Grand Cross can display a red and gold ribbon surrounding the shield in their personal coats of arms, but the recipients of the lower ranks place an appropriate ribbon below the shield.<ref>{{cite book | last=Noonan | first=James-Charles Jr. | title=The Church Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church | year=1996 | publisher=Viking | isbn=0-670-86745-4 | page=[https://archive.org/details/churchvisiblecer0000noon/page/196 196] | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/churchvisiblecer0000noon/page/196 }}</ref> The difference between the civilian and military insignia is that the former group wears the cross hanging from a green crown of laurel, whereas the latter group wears the cross hanging from a trophy of arms.<ref>{{cite book|last=MacErlean|first=Andrew Alphonsus|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church, Volume 4|date=1912|publisher=Robert Appleton Co|pages=667{{endash}}668 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vrRAAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA667 }}</ref>

==Vestments and accoutrements== The Order comprises four classes:

* ''Knight/Dame Grand Cross'' (GCSG)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Order of St. Gregory the Great |url=https://www.papalorders.ie/index.php/pontifical-booklet/different-orders/15-order-of-st-gregory-the-great |access-date=July 19, 2024 |website=Association of Papal Orders in Ireland |archive-date=20 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240720131835/https://www.papalorders.ie/index.php/pontifical-booklet/different-orders/15-order-of-st-gregory-the-great |url-status=dead }}</ref> * ''Knight/Dame Commander with Star'' (KC*SG/DC*SG) * ''Knight/Dame Commander'' (KCSG/DCSG) * ''Knight/Dame'' (KSG/DSG)

A green uniform was later prescribed by Pope Pius IX. The uniform contains a black beaver-felt hat decorated with black silk ribbons, silver metallic twisted rope, buttons and black ostrich feathers. The jacket, made of green wool, is trimmed with silver metallic thread, and has a tail, nine yellow metal buttons in the front and three buttons on the cuffs and is lined with black satin. Finally, the costume contains suspenders, several yellow and red rosettes, white leather gloves, and a short sword with a handle made of mother of pearl with a medallion of the order at the end.

Knights Grand Cross wear a sash and a badge or star on the left side of the breast; Commanders wear a cross around the neck; and Knights wear a smaller cross on the left breast of the uniform:

{| style="margin: 1em auto;" class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; width:60%;" |- | colspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|600px|center |- | style="vertical-align:top; width:20%; text-align:center;"|100px|centerKnight | style="vertical-align:top; width:20%; text-align:center;"|100px|centerKnight Commander | style="vertical-align:top; width:20%; text-align:center;"|100px|centerKnight Commander with Star | style="vertical-align:top; width:20%; text-align:center;"|100px|centerKnight Grand Cross |}

==Notable members==   [[File:Juan Mariano de Goyeneche.jpg|thumb|right|Juan Mariano de Goyeneche y Gamio, 3rd Count of Guaqui and Grandee of Spain, wearing the Grand Cross and sash of the Order of St. Gregory the Great.]]

===Knight/Dame Grand Cross=== *Frederick Blakeney, 1964, Australian diplomat, Knight Grand Cross<ref>{{cite book |title=Frederick Joseph Blakeney |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |chapter=Blakeney, Frederick Joseph (1913–1990) |access-date=28 April 2021 |chapter-url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/blakeney-frederick-joseph-12220}}</ref> *Dominique, Prince de La Rochefoucauld-Montbel, 2023, Knight Grand Cross *Sir George Bowyer, 6th Baronet, Knight Grand Cross<ref name="archive.org">{{cite book|last=Gorman|first=W. Gordon|title=Converts to Rome : A list of about four thousand Protestants who have recently become Roman Catholics|date=1885|publisher=W. Swan Sonnenschein and Co.|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/a583473600gorduoft/page/n10 1]–3|url=https://archive.org/details/a583473600gorduoft}}</ref> *General Sir Peter Cosgrove, 2013, Knight Grand Cross, Governor-General of Australia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sydneycatholic.org/news/latest_news/2013/201327_365.shtml|title=Cardinal Confers Papal Awards on Three Outstanding Australians|date=7 February 2013|access-date=2 February 2014|work=Catholic Communications|publisher=Archdiocese of Sydney|archive-date=16 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516041125/http://www.sydneycatholic.org/news/latest_news/2013/201327_365.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> *João Carlos Saldanha de Oliveira Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha, Knight Grand Cross of the First Class<ref>Diccionario bibliographico portuguez, 1859, p. 342</ref> *Rodrigo Augusto da Silva, Knight Grand Cross of the First Class *Baron Henry Delvaux de Fenffe, 1921, Governor of Liège<ref>''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' 13 (1921) [http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-13-1921-ocr.pdf]</ref> *Duke Carl Ludvig Fouché d'Otrante (1930)<ref name="ReferenceA" /> *George Forbes, 7th Earl of Granard, Knight Grand Cross<ref name="archive.org"/> *Édouard de Castelnau, French general<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/en/edouard-de-castelnau |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140717222951/http://cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/en/edouard-de-castelnau |url-status=dead |title=Edouard de Castelnau |publisher=Ministère des Armées |language=en |archivedate=17 July 2014|accessdate=2017-05-16 }}</ref> *Frank Hanna III, American entrepreneur and philanthropist, Knight Grand Cross *Alice von Hildebrand, 2013, Dame Grand Cross<ref>{{cite web |title=Alice von Hildebrand |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/28395/pope-names-alice-von-hildebrand-to-prestigious-order |access-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> *Charles von Hügel, 1852, Knight Grand Cross<ref>Charles von Hügel by Anatole von Hügel</ref> *Johno Johnson, 2015, Australian politician<ref>''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' 108 (2016) [http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/2016/acta-gennaio2016.pdf]</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2017/08/09/heart-soul-nsw-labor-dead-87 |title='Heart, soul' of NSW Labor dead at 87 |work=Special Broadcasting Service |date=9 August 2017 |access-date=10 August 2017}}</ref> *Dina Kawar, previous ambassador of Jordan to France<ref>''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' 97 (2005) [http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/2005/gennaio%202005.pdf]</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 June 2014 |title=Kawar appointed envoy at UN {{!}} Jordan Times |url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/kawar-appointed-envoy-un}}</ref> *Gilbert Levine, 2016, American conductor, Knight Grand Cross<ref>{{cite web | title='Pope's maestro' to conduct Washington concert to mark canonizations | url=https://www.ncronline.org/news/culture/popes-maestro-conduct-washington-concert-mark-canonizations | work=National Catholic Reporter | author=Richard Szczepanowski | date=2014-01-17 | access-date=2024-10-28}}</ref> *Riccardo Muti, 2012, Italian conductor, Knight Grand Cross<ref>{{cite web |title=Muti receives highest papal honor at the Vatican |url=https://chicagoclassicalreview.com/2012/05/muti-receives-highest-papal-honor-at-the-vatican/ |work=Chicago Classical Review |author=Lawrence A. Johnson |date=2012-05-11 |access-date=2024-10-28}}</ref> *James Joseph Norris, 1947, American Catholic humanitarian *Juan Domingo Perón, Caballero de la Gran Cruz (28 de Junio de 1947)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/opinion/ignacio-cloppet-el-dia-que-eva-peron-estuvo-en-el-vaticano.phtml | title=El día que Eva Perón estuvo en el Vaticano | date=27 June 2021 }}</ref> *Count Christopher de Paus (1930)<ref name="ReferenceA">''Acta Apostolicae Sedis'' 22 (1930)</ref> *Count Hippolyte d'Ursel *Count Léo d'Ursel, ambassador *Count Charles Woeste *{{ill|Jean-Baptiste Lê Đức Thịnh|vi|Gioan Baotixita Lê Đức Thịnh}}, 2007, Vietnamese layperson and philanthropist, Knight Grand Cross

===Knight/Dame Commander with Star===  *G. K. Chesterton,<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1934/05/25/archives/pope-honors-2-writers-makes-gk-chesterton-and-hillaire-belloc.html |title=Pope Honors 2 Writers; Makes G.K. Chesterton and Hillaire [sic] Belloc Knight Commanders |newspaper=The New York Times |date=25 May 1934}}</ref> 1934, English writer, philosopher, lay theologian, and literary and art critic (convert to Catholicism) *Gloria, Princess of Thurn and Taxis,<ref>[http://www.bistum-regensburg.de/default.asp?op=show&id=3318 Fürstin Gloria von Thurn und Taxis erhält päpstlichen St.-Gregorius-Orden] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928071540/http://www.bistum-regensburg.de/default.asp?op=show&id=3318 |date=28 September 2011 }}, Bistum Regensburg.</ref> 2008, Dame Commander with Star *Albert Gubay, 2011, founder of Kwik Save supermarket chain and Total Fitness<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-isle-of-man-12558721 Albert Gubay 'overwhelmed' with Papal award] – website BBC News, 23 February 2011</ref> *Bob Hope, 1998, American entertainer (convert to Catholicism)<ref name="LA Times Archived Article">{{cite news |author=John Dart |date=3 January 1998 |title=Pope Honors Rupert Murdoch, Roy Disney, Bob Hope |newspaper=LA Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-jan-03-me-4508-story.html |access-date=18 June 2014}}</ref> *Francis Martin O'Donnell, 2007, Ambassador and Knight of Malta, previously in UN service for 32 years

===Knight Commander and Dame Commander=== * Roy E. Disney, 1998<ref name="LA Times Archived Article" /> * Sir Patrick Duffy, 2017, British politician<ref name="thestar">{{cite web |date=February 2017 |title=Former Sheffield MP honoured today with papal knighthood |url=https://www.thestar.co.uk/news/former-sheffield-mp-honoured-today-papal-knighthood-448150 |access-date=11 March 2021 |website=The Star |language=en}}</ref> * Joseph Ghougassian, 1989, United States Ambassador to Qatar who persuaded the Qatari government to end its prohibition against public worship by Christians and other non-Islamic groups<ref name="first">{{cite web |title=Joseph Ghougassian to Receive Bishop Charles Francis Buddy Award |url=https://www.sandiego.edu/news/detail.php?_focus=41277 |website=USD News Center |publisher=University of San Diego |access-date=28 June 2025 |date=6 March 2012}}</ref><ref name="rey">{{cite news |last1=Johnson |first1=Brent |title=College adds spirituality to teaching of psychology |agency=The North County Times |date=15 August 1997}}</ref> * Charles Guthrie, Baron Guthrie of Craigiebank, 2008, Chief of the Defence Staff (United Kingdom) * Hendrik Samuel Houthakker, 2003, Knight Commander with Silver Star, Member of Nixon's Council of Economic Advisers, husband of Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka. * John Hume, 2012, Northern Irish politician and co-recipient of the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize<ref>{{cite news |title=John Hume knighted by Pope Benedict |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-foyle-west-18733621 |access-date=7 June 2012}}</ref> * Ignazio Jacometti, sculptor, appointed by Pope Pius IX.<ref>[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ignazio-jacometti_(Dizionario-Biografico)/ Jacometti, Ignazio Entry by Simona Sclocchi in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani – Volume 62 (2004)]</ref> * Saunders Lewis, 1975, Welsh nationalist politician, founder of Plaid Genedlaethol Cymru and prominent figure in Welsh-language literature<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gwyn A. |first=Williams |date=1992 |title=Writ‌ing on the Line – Professor Gwyn A Williams on Saunders Lewis |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qayhc9KugOY&t=2759s |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/Qayhc9KugOY |archive-date=2021-12-12 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> (convert to Catholicism) * John McLoughlin, 1847, Hudson's Bay Company Chief Factor of Fort Vancouver, 1st mayor of Oregon City. * Kevin McNamara, British Politician<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-08-03 |title=Lists of Members |url=https://papalorders.org.uk/members/lists-of-members/ |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=Association of Papal Orders in Great Britain |language=en-GB}}</ref> * Maurice Gerard Moynihan, 1959, Secretary of the Government of the Irish Free State and Governor of the Central Bank of Ireland * Rupert Murdoch, 1998, Australian-American publisher and media entrepreneur<ref name="LA Times Archived Article" /> * Oscar Niemeyer, 1990, Brazilian modernist architect<ref>{{cite web |title=Fundação Oscar Niemeyer |url=http://www.niemeyer.org.br/biografia/1990-1995 |access-date=19 July 2017}}</ref> * Nikkyō Niwano, 1992, Japanese Buddhist practitioner who founded the Buddhist organization Risshō Kōsei Kai.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leadership |url=https://rk-world.org/leadership/ |access-date=6 January 2021 |publisher=Risshō Kōsei Kai}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=January 2024}} * James Joseph Norris, September 13, 1955, American Catholic humanitarian, Lay Auditor at the Second Vatican Council, delivered major address at the Council on "World Poverty and the Christian Conscience". Charter member of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace and the Pontifical Council "Cor Unum". Represented the Holy See at the funeral of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. * Casto Méndez Núñez, 1849, Spanish Navy officer, future ''contralmirante'' (counter admiral)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://todoavante.es/index.php?title=Mendez_Nunez,_Casto_Biografia |title=Mendez Nunez, Casto Biografia |author= |date=26 December 2023|website=todoavante.es |publisher= |access-date=9 February 2025 |language=es}}</ref> * James O'Donnell, 1999, organist and Master of the Choristers, Westminster Abbey * Lilianne Ploumen, 2017, Dutch politician<ref>{{cite news |last=Pentin |first=Edward |date=15 January 2018 |title=Vatican: Papal Honor for Pro-Abortion Politician Not a Sign of Support |work=National Catholic Register |url=http://www.ncregister.com/blog/edward-pentin/vatican-papal-honor-for-pro-abortion-politician-not-a-sign-of-support |access-date=15 January 2018}}</ref> * Charles Poletti, 1945, Governor of New York, Army officer in charge of post World War II civil affairs in Italy * John J. Raskob, American financial executive and businessman (DuPont, General Motors); financed the building of the Empire State Building * Carlo Emanuele Ruspoli, 3rd Duke of Morignano, 2004<ref>{{cite web |title=Hemeroteca ABC |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2004/06/06/051.html |access-date=18 June 2014 |publisher=Hemeroteca.abc.es}}</ref> * Paul Salamunovich, 1969, American choral conductor and expert on Gregorian chant. * Sir Jimmy Savile, 1990, English radio DJ and television presenter-broadcaster<ref>{{cite news |last=Tubb |first=Gerard |date=9 November 2011 |title=Fans Flock To Cathedral Service For Sir Jimmy |publisher=Sky News |url=http://news.sky.com/home/showbiz-news/article/16106367 |access-date=10 November 2011}}</ref> (In 2012, after Savile's death, an annulment of the honor was requested by the Archbishop of Westminster. This was declined on the basis that the life honor died with the individual.)<ref>{{cite news |date=10 October 2012 |title=Savile was serial sex abuser of teenage girls, say police |work=The Times |location=London, UK |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/crime/article/savile-was-serial-sex-abuser-of-teenage-girls-say-police-3z65rgglj6l |access-date=10 October 2012}} {{subscription required}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=27 October 2012 |title=Savile's papal knighthood died with him – Vatican |url=https://www.rte.ie/news/2012/1027/343363-jimmy-savile/ |access-date=28 March 2020 |publisher=RTÉ}}</ref> * Roger Wagner, by Pope Paul VI, American choral conductor * Mordecai Waxman, 1998, Rabbi (Conservative Judaism)

===Knight/Dame=== *Walter Annenberg, who created ''TV Guide''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nndb.com/honors/001/000102692|title=accessed 14 September 2007|publisher=Nndb.com|access-date=18 June 2014}}</ref> *Mariano Armellini, Italian archaeologist<ref name="Broderick">{{cite journal |last1=Broderick |first1=Bona F. |title=Mariano Armellini: De Rossi's Successor |journal=Catholic World |date=1897 |volume=64 |pages=84–96 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CgcXAQAAIAAJ |access-date=February 6, 2024}}</ref> *Thomas Bodkin, lawyer, art historian, art collector and curator<ref name="anon-obit">Unlabelled press clipping of contemporary obituary, in Royal Birmingham Society of Artists archives</ref> *Joanna Bogle, 2013, British Roman Catholic writer and broadcaster<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fortis|first=Mulier|date=2013-05-29|title=Mulier Fortis: Dame Joanna's Investiture...|url=https://mulier-fortis.blogspot.com/2013/05/dame-joannas-investiture.html|access-date=2022-01-27|website=Mulier Fortis}}</ref> *Phyllis Bowman, 1996, British journalist and anti-abortion campaigner<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-22|title=Remembering pro-life heroes|url=https://catholicherald.co.uk/remembering-pro-life-heroes/|access-date=2022-01-27|website=Catholic Herald|language=en-GB}}</ref> *Esteban Campodónico, 1928, Italian-Peruvian medical doctor, university professor, and philanthropist<ref name="JAMA Ophthalmology obit">{{cite journal |last1=White |first1=J.W., M.D. |date=March 1939 |title=Esteban Campodonico, M.D. 1867[sic]-1938 |url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/article-abstract/614198 |journal=Arch. Ophthalmol. |volume=21 |issue=3 |publisher=JAMA Ophthalmology |pages=529 |doi=10.1001/archopht.1939.00860030137019 |df=mdy|url-access=subscription }}</ref> *James Carine, Royal Navy officer. *Henry Cooper, 1978, champion heavyweight boxer (convert to Catholicism) *John J. Coppinger, 1861, US Army major general<ref name="Hennessy">{{cite news |last=Hennessy |first=Michael E. |date=April 1896 |title=The New Brigadier-General |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vE3ZAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA385 |work=Donahoe's Magazine |location=Boston |publisher=Donahoe's Magazine Company |pages=384–387 |via=Google Books}}</ref> *John A. Creighton, 1898, businessman and philanthropist in Omaha<ref>[https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1907/02/08/106739348.pdf "Count John A. Creighton Dead: Nebraskan Who Founded Colleges Was Ennobled by the Pope"], ''New York Times''. 8 February 1907.</ref> *John Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute<ref name="archive.org" /> *Ralph Downes, 1970, English organist, organist of the London Oratory, organ teacher and organ designer (including organ of the Royal Festival Hall London)<ref>Marc Naylor. ''The Independent'', London, 1 January 1994.</ref> *Jude Patrick Dougherty, 1999, American philosopher, Dean Emeritus of the School of Philosophy at the Catholic University of America<ref>{{cite press release | url=https://philosophy.catholic.edu/news/2021/03/jude-dougherty-sph-obituary1.pdf | title=Jude Patrick Dougherty obituary | publisher=Catholic University of America | date=6 March 2021 | access-date=2024-10-28}}</ref> *Eamon Duffy, 2017, Irish historian and emeritus Professor of the History of Christianity at the University of Cambridge<ref>{{cite web | title=Professors Nicholas Lash and Eamon Duffy receive Papal Knighthoods | url=https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/32515 | work=Independent Catholic News | author=Keith Morris | date=2017-05-11 | access-date=2024-10-28}}</ref> *Edward Leigh, 2026, British MP for Gainsborough and President of the Catholic Union of Great Britain 2014-2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Catholic Union (Weekly Briefing) |url=https://us8.campaign-archive.com/?u=ce9496ddf55217db00d2d018a&id=a5262c1e57 |access-date=24 April 2026 |website=us8.campaign-archive.com }}</ref> *Philip Duffy, 1982, Master of Music at the Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral from 1966 to 1996 *Joseph Esposito, 2002, Chief of the New York City Police Department<ref>{{cite web | title=Joseph Esposito, Former NYPD Chief of Department and Valued Diocese of Brooklyn Member, Passes Away at 73 | url=https://thetablet.org/joseph-esposito-former-nypd-chief-of-department-and-valued-diocese-of-brooklyn-member-passes-away-at-73/ | work=The Tablet | author=Paula Katinas | date=2024-01-09 | access-date=2024-10-28}}</ref> *Brian Gill, Lord Gill, (2011) Lord President of Scotland 2012–2015<ref>{{cite web | title=First Catholic to become Scotland's most senior judge to retire | url=https://sconews.co.uk/news/45011/first-catholic-to-become-scotlands-most-senior-judge-to-retire/ | work=Scottish Catholic Observer | author=Daniel Harkins | date=2015-05-07 | access-date=2024-09-27}}</ref> *Alfred Grünberger, 1924, Austrian Minister of Foreign Affairs.<ref>AAS 17 (1925), n. 1, S. 36.</ref> *Emanuele Luigi Galizia, Maltese architect and civil engineer<ref>{{cite book|last1=Schiavone|first1=Michael J.|title=Dictionary of Maltese Biographies Vol. 2 G–Z|date=2009|publisher=Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza|location=Pietà|isbn=978-9993291329|page=891}}</ref> *Joe Gladwin, British actor and comedian<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.catholicherald.co.uk/article/20th-march-1987/3/home-news-in-brief|title = Catholic Herald – Archives}}</ref><ref>British Theatrelog volume 1 issue 8, TQ Publications, 1978, p. 14</ref> *Sheilagh Kesting, 2016, former Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and former Ecumenical Officer of the Church of Scotland *Ilyas Khan, British businessman and philanthropist, Chairman of Leonard Cheshire Disability{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} *Sebastian Kyalwazi, 1968, Ugandan surgeon, researcher and academic.<ref name="1R">{{cite web| url=https://www.asou.or.ug/kyalwazi-memorial-lecture/ |title=Dr. Kyalwazi Memorial Lecture: About Prof. Sebastian Kakule Kyalwazi | date=17 April 2017 |work=Association of Surgeons of Uganda | author=Charles Olweny |access-date=10 July 2023 | location=Kampala}}</ref> *Yuri Nikolayevich Maklakov, teacher of Russian language and literature *George Malcolm, English choral conductor, harpsichordist and organist; former Master of the Music, Westminster Cathedral *Colin Mawby, 2006, English choral conductor and composer<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cmc.ie/news/2006/mawby-honour.html|publisher=The Contemporary Music Centre Ireland|title=Papal Honour for Mawby|date=20 April 2006|access-date=21 January 2012}}</ref> former Master of the Music, Westminster Cathedral *John A. 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Prindible, 1929, industrialist and philanthropist<ref>{{cite news |title=George Prindible Gets High Honor |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/altoona-mirror-jul-17-1964-p-5/ |newspaper=Altoona Mirror |date=July 17, 1929 |page=5}}</ref> *Joseph Ryelandt, Belgian composer<ref>Ryelandt, Joseph (grandson of the knight of the same name), ''Histoire de la famille Ryelandt et des familles alliées'' (Brussels, 2003; a private publication; a copy has been deposited in the National Library), p. 120.</ref> *Bhai Sahib Bhai Mohinder Singh Ahluwalia, chairman of the Guru Nanak Nishkam Sewak Jatha UK, and Sikh interfaith dialogue leader<ref>{{Cite web |last=Live |first=Birmingham |date=2012-06-14 |title=Your News: Sikh Papal Knighthood in Birmingham |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/your-news-sikh-papal-knighthood-186868 |access-date=2025-10-07 |website=Birmingham Live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Baker |first=Nigel |title=Sikhs honoured by Catholics |url=https://blogs.fcdo.gov.uk/nigelbaker/2012/04/26/sikhs-honoured-by-catholics/ |access-date=2025-10-07 |language=en-GB}}</ref> *Bambang Soegeng, Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army *Jovan Sundečić, 1886, Serbian Orthodox priest and Montenegrin official{{sfn|Karaula|2009|p=148}} *J. L. P. Roche Victoria (Former State Minister from Tamil Nadu). *Ann Widdecombe, 2013, British politician<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indcatholicnews.com/news.php?viewStory=21860|title=Ann Widdecombe awarded papal honour|publisher=Indcatholicnews.com|date=31 January 2013|access-date=18 June 2014}}</ref> *Michael Williams, 2001, English actor{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

== General and cited references == {{refbegin}} * {{cite journal|last=Karaula |first=Željko |year=2009 |title=Pisma crnogorskog pjesnika, svećenika i diplomata Jovana Sunečića bosansko-đakovačkom i srijemskom biskupu Josipu Jurju Strossmayeru (1881–1887) |journal=Diacovensia |language=hr |location=Đakovo |publisher=Katolički bogoslovni fakultet u Đakovu |issue=12 |issn=1849-014X }} {{refend}}

==External links== {{commons category}} *[http://www.papalknights.org.uk Association of Papal Orders in Great Britain] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206024630/http://www.papalknights.org.uk/order-piusix.html |date=6 February 2012 }} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20080602013430/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,786439,00.html Catholic Knighthood] article from ''Time Magazine'', 25 Jun 1928, reporting an award of the Order of St. Gregory the Great

Category:Order of St. Gregory the Great Category:1831 establishments in the Papal States Category:Awards established in 1831