{{Short description|Fortress in Kalbajar District, Azerbaijan}} {{pp-pc|small=yes}} {{infobox military installation | name = Khokhanaberd | native_name = Խոխանաբերդ<br />Xanabert qalası | partof = | location = near the village of Vank in Nagorno-Karabakh | image = Княжеский дворец Хачена7.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = Walls of Khokhanaberd | map_alt = | map_caption = | type = Castle | code = | built = 9th century | builder = | materials = | coordinates = {{coord|40.01599|46.53177|display=inline,title}} | map_type = Azerbaijan | map_size = 300px }}

'''Khokhanaberd''' ({{langx|hy|Խոխանաբերդ}}, {{langx|az|Xoxanabert}}), also known as '''Khanabert''' ({{langx|az|Xanabert qalası}}) and '''Tarkhanaberd''' ({{langx|hy|Թարխանաբերդ}}), is a 9th-century mountaintop fortress near the village of Vank, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, in the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan. Historically a part of the Lower Khachen (Nerkin Khachen) province of the Armenian Principality of Khachen, it served as a castle and residence of several rulers of the House of Hasan-Jalalyan.

== Etymology == A local folk etymology holds that Hasan Jalal I Dawla, founder of the Hasan-Jalalyan dynasty, named it upon hearing news of his son's birth (in the local Karabakh dialect of Armenian, ''khokha'' means child).<ref name="khokhanaberd">{{cite book |last1=Hakobyan |first1=Tadevos Kh. |last2=Melik-Bakhshyan |first2=Stepan T. |last3=Barseghyan |first3=Hovhannes Kh. |date=2001 |title=Հայաստանի և հարակից շրջանների տեղանունների բառարան [Dictionary of toponymy of Armenia and adjacent territories] |volume=2|url=http://www.nayiri.com/imagedDictionaryBrowser.jsp?dictionaryId=61&dt=HY_HY&pageNumber=1805 |location=Yerevan |publisher=Yerevan State University Publishing House |pages=764–65 |language=hy}}</ref>

The fortress has historically been referred to by various names besides Khokhanaberd, including Tarakhana, Khavanaberd, Khokh, Khoyakhan, and Havaptuk.<ref name="khokhanaberd"/>

== History == The fortress is believed to have been constructed from the 7th to 9th centuries, during the period of Arab rule in Armenia.<ref name="Sargsyan">{{cite journal |last1=Sargsyan |first1=S. S.|date=1996 |title=Խոխանաբերդ. նորահայտ վիմագրեր Խաղբակյանների մասին.|trans-title=Khokhanaberd: newfound inscriptions about the Khaghbakyans |url=https://arar.sci.am/publication/42453 |journal=Lraber |volume=3 |issue= |pages=96–105 |language=hy|doi= |access-date=17 January 2021}}</ref> Historian Grigor Ter-Hovhannisyants attributes its construction to the Armenian ruler Sahl Smbatean. In the first half of the 13th century, Prince Hasan Jalal I Dawla of Khachen repaired and expanded the fortress.<ref name="khokhanaberd"/> Khokhanaberd is first mentioned in the history of 13th-century Armenian historian Kirakos Gandzaketsi, who wrote that Hasan Jalal I fortified himself in the castle while under attack by the Mongol general Jula, brother of Chormaqan.<ref name="Sargsyan"/> Although Jula was unable to take the fortress, Hasan Jalal was forced to provide a yearly tribute and troops to the Mongols, as well as marry off his daughter Ruzan to Bora, Chormaqan's son.<ref name="Sargsyan"/> Despite this, after the succession of Güyük Khan to the Mongol throne in 1246, Bora returned to Khachen with an army to collect tribute and destroyed Khokhanaberd along with several other fortresses belonging to Hasan Jalal.<ref name="Sargsyan"/> The fortress suffered further damage during the campaigns of various Turkic invaders in Karabakh in the 15th and 16th centuries.<ref name="Sargsyan"/>

== Gallery == <gallery mode="packed" heights="120"> Княжеский дворец Хачена4.jpg|Walls of the palace Княжеский дворец Хачена6.jpg|Remains of the fortress walls Княжеский дворец Хачена2.jpg|Remains of the fortress walls Княжеский дворец Хачена9.jpg|Fragment of an Armenian inscription from the wall </gallery>

{{multiple image | width = 120 | image1=Княжеский дворец Хачена3.jpg | image2=Княжеский дворец Хачена.jpg | image3=Княжеский дворец Хачена5.jpg | image4=Княжеский дворец Хачена8.jpg | align=centre | footer_align=centre | footer = Khachkars from the palace }}

== References == {{Commons}} {{Reflist}}

{{Armenian Fortresses}} {{Castles and fortresses in Azerbaijan}}

Category:Tourist attractions in Azerbaijan Category:Castles and fortresses in Azerbaijan Category:Kalbajar District

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