Nebkaure Khety

{{Short description|Egyptian pharaoh}} {{Infobox pharaoh | name = Nebkaure Khety | alt_name = Kheti, Akhtoy, Achtoi | image = Nebkaure Khety Petrie.png | image_alt = | caption = Jasper weight with the cartouche of Nebkaure Khety | role = | coregency = | notes = | prenomen = Nebkaure<br>''Nb-kꜣw-rˁ''<br>Lord of the ''ka'' is Ra | prenomen_hiero = <hiero>N5:nb-D28*Z1:Z2</hiero> | nomen = Khety<br>''ẖtj(j)'' | nomen_hiero = <hiero>X:t-i-i</hiero> | horus = | horus_hiero = | nebty = | nebty_hiero = | golden = | golden_hiero = | children = | father = | mother = | birth_date = | death_date = | burial = | monuments = |Reign=between 2160 and 2130 BCE<ref>William C. Hayes, in ''The Cambridge Ancient History'', vol 1, part 2, 1971 (2008), Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|0-521-077915}}, p. 996.</ref>|Predecessor=Neferkare|Successor=Possibly Setut}}

'''Nebkaure Khety''' was an ancient Egyptian king of the 9th or 10th Dynasty, during the First Intermediate Period.

==Reign== Practically nothing is known about the events of Nebkaure's reign; due to the contrasting opinions of scholars, even its dating is still difficult. Many Egyptologists assign Nebkaure to the 9th Dynasty, possibly the fourth king (and the second king bearing the name ''Khety''), just after Neferkare.<ref name=cah>William C. Hayes, in ''The Cambridge Ancient History'', vol 1, part 2, 1971 (2008), Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|0-521-077915}}, p. 465.</ref><ref>Nicolas Grimal, ''A History of Ancient Egypt'', Oxford, Blackwell Books, 1992, p. 140.</ref><ref name=rice>Michael Rice, ''Who is who in Ancient Egypt'', 1999 (2004), Routledge, London, {{ISBN|0-203-44328-4}}, pp. 6-7.</ref> On the other hand, other scholars such as Jürgen von Beckerath believe instead that Nebkaure reigned during the subsequent 10th Dynasty, possibly before Meryibre Khety.<ref name=Beck>Jürgen von Beckerath, ''Handbuch der Ägyptischen Königsnamen'', 2nd edition, Mainz, 1999, p. 74.</ref>

==Attestations== Like many of the kings who preceded or succeeded him, attestations of Nebkaure Khety are scant.

===Red Jasper Weight=== The only contemporary object bearing his cartouche is a weight made from red jasper which was unearthed by Flinders Petrie at Tell el-Retabah, a location along the Wadi Tumilat in the eastern Delta; this weight is now exhibited at the Petrie Museum (UC11782).<ref>[http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk//chronology/khety.html Nebkaure's weight UC11782 in the Petrie Museum]</ref><ref name=gardiner>Alan Gardiner, ''Egypt of the Pharaohs. An introduction'', Oxford University Press, 1961, p. 112.</ref> Weight was slightly damaged, Petrie gives its weight as 1,850 of his grain unit. Divided by 9 units on the stone, it gives a value that must have been about 205 grains, i.e. around 15 grams, which represents gold deben.

===The Story about the Eloquent Peasant=== The name of a king ''Nebkaure'' also appears on a late Middle Kingdom papyrus (Berlin 3023<ref name=Beck/>) containing part of the well known and popular story The Eloquent Peasant; it is likely that Nebkaure Khety is the king featured in that story.<ref name=cah/><ref name=rice/><ref name=gardiner/>

===Non-contemporary attestations=== On the Turin King List he was tentatively placed in the register 4.21.

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * [http://www.eglyphica.de/egpharaonen/inhalt/inhalt.html Royal Titulary of Nebkaure Khety on Eglyphica.net (search in the Tenth Dynasty)]. * [https://collections.ucl.ac.uk/Details/collect/10470 London, Petrie Museum UC 11782].

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nebkaure}} Category:22nd-century BC pharaohs Category:Pharaohs of the Ninth Dynasty of Egypt Category:Pharaohs of the Tenth Dynasty of Egypt Category:Wadi Tumilat Category:3rd-millennium BC births Category:22nd-century BC deaths