{{short description|English Victorian-era painter and child of Charles Dickens (1839–1929)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox artist | name = Kate Perugini | image = Charles Edward Perugini - Kate.jpg | imagesize = | caption = Charles Perugini's portrait of his wife Kate | birth_name = Catherine Elizabeth Macready Dickens | birth_date = {{birth date|1839|10|29|df=y}} | birth_place = London, England | death_date = {{death date and age|1929|5|9|1839|10|29|df=y}} | death_place = London, England | education = Bedford College | field = Painting | training = | movement = | works = | patrons = | awards = | spouse = {{Plainlist| * {{marriage|Charles Allston Collins|1860|1873|reason=died}} * {{marriage|Charles Edward Perugini|1873|1918|reason=died}} }} | partner = | children = 1 | parents = {{Plainlist| * Charles Dickens * Catherine Hogarth }} }} [[File:Kateperugini.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Portrait of Mrs Kate Perugini'' (1880) by John Everett Millais]] '''Catherine Elizabeth Macready Perugini''' (''née'' '''Dickens'''; 29 October 1839 – 9 May 1929) was an English painter of the Victorian era and the daughter of Catherine Dickens and Charles Dickens.<ref name="BritPort">{{cite book|author=Brian Stewart & Mervyn Cutten|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=1997|title=The Dictionary of Portrait Painters in Britain up to 1920|isbn=1-85149-173-2}}</ref>
==Biography== Born Catherine Dickens and nicknamed Kate or Katey, she was Charles Dickens's youngest surviving daughter, and according to her siblings her father's favourite child.<ref>{{cite book| author= Hilary Margo Schor| title= Dickens and the Daughter of the House| url= https://archive.org/details/dickensdaughtero00scho| url-access= registration| place= Cambridge| publisher= Cambridge University Press| year= 1999| isbn= 978-0-521-44076-9}}</ref> Dickens reportedly named her after his friend, the actor William Macready.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://spartacus-educational.com/PRdickensKT.htm|title=Kate Dickens Perugini|website=Spartacus Educational|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref> As a girl, she also bore the nickname "Lucifer Box" for her hot temper.<ref>John Pateman, (2014) Fort Pitt to Fort William, {{ISBN|978-1304954725}}</ref>
She travelled widely with her family as a child, and performed in her father's elaborate amateur theatrical productions – including the 1857 performance of Wilkie Collins's ''The Frozen Deep'' before Queen Victoria.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lucindahawksley.com/katie-the-life-and-lives-of-dickenss-artist-daughter/|title=Lucinda Hawksley {{!}} Dickens's Artistic Daughter, Katey|access-date=2020-03-10}}</ref> In 1858, her parents separated and the children remained with their father. The reason for the separation remains unclear, though rumours have focused on the close relationship between Charles Dickens and Ellen Ternan, an actress many years his junior, and/or Georgina Hogarth.<ref name=":0" />
Her first husband was the artist and author Charles Allston Collins, younger brother of Wilkie Collins; they were married on 17 July 1860. Perugini reportedly had an affair with Valentine Prinsep during her marriage to Collins.<ref name=":1" /> After his death from cancer in 1873, Kate married another artist, Charles Edward Perugini. The couple married in secret in 1873, then had an official ceremony in 1874. She and Perugini had one child, Leonard Ralph Dickens Perugini. He died on 24 July 1876, at the age of seven months. The Peruginis were active in artistic society and maintained friendships with J. M. Barrie and George Bernard Shaw amongst other celebrities of their era.<ref>Lucinda Hawksley, ''Katey: The Life and Loves of Dickens's Artist Daughter'', New York, Doubleday, 2006.</ref> Like her first husband, she pursued literary endeavours along with her painting.<ref>Kate Dickens Perugini, "Dickens as a Lover of Art and Artists," ''The Magazine of Art'', Vol. 27 (January and February 1903).</ref><ref>Kate Perugini, ''The Comedy of Charles Dickens: A Book of Chapters and Extracts Taken from the Writer's Novels'', London, Chapman and Hall Ltd., 1906.</ref><ref>Kate Dickens Perugini, "''Edwin Drood'' and the Last Days of Charles Dickens," ''Pall Mall Magazine'', Vol. 37 (1906).</ref>
Kate was the primary source of information used by biographer Gladys Storey for her book ''Dickens and Daughter'', which revealed Dickens's affair with the actress Ellen Ternan.<ref>Gladys Storey, ''Dickens and Daughter'', London, Frederick Muller Ltd., 1939; reprinted New York, Haskell House, 1971.</ref> Supporters of Charles Dickens attacked the book as being unreliable, especially the passages about Ellen Ternan and the birth of a child. However, George Bernard Shaw wrote to ''The Times Literary Supplement'' to say that Kate had told him everything in the book forty years before.<ref>Michael Slater (2012), The Great Charles Dickens Scandal, Yale University Press, Reprint edition, Europe. {{ISBN|978-0300205282}}</ref>
Charles Perugini died in 1918 and was buried alongside his baby son. Kate survived her husband by ten years, dying at the age of 89. One of the causes of death listed on her death certificate was "exhaustion."
== Career == At the age of 12, Kate Dickens began studying art at Bedford College, the first institution of higher learning for women in Britain. She became a successful painter of portraits and genre paintings, sometimes collaborating with her husband Charles Perugini. Kate sought to distinguish herself from her father, refusing to be associated only with his fame.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.harvard.com/book/charles_dickens_favorite_daughter_the_life_loves_and_art_of_katey_dickens_p/|title=Charles Dickens' Favorite Daughter: The Life, Loves, and Art of Katey Dickens Perugini - Harvard Book Store|website=www.harvard.com|access-date=2020-03-10|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514101119/https://www.harvard.com/book/charles_dickens_favorite_daughter_the_life_loves_and_art_of_katey_dickens_p/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 1880 Sir John Everett Millais painted her in one of his "most striking portraits."<ref>Christopher Wood, ''Victorian Painting'', Boston, Little, Brown & Co., 1999; pp. 227, 274–5.</ref> It was exhibited at the Grosvenor Gallery Summer Exhibition in 1881. This painting depicts Perugini standing with her back to the painter but profiling her distinctive features. The portrait of Perugini, who had also exhibited at the Grosvenor Gallery was a wedding gift by Millais, presented on her marriage to Charles Perugini. It is an example of Millais' later style of portraiture that is looser, more luscious and sketch-like than the naturalism of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. In showing the picture at the Grosvenor, "Perugini advertised herself as part of a cultured, educated and artistic family" <ref name="ReferenceA">Denney, Colleen (2000). At the Temple of Art: The Grosvenor Gallery, 1877–1890. Issue 1165. ''Portrait of Mrs. Kate Perugini'', page 153 Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. {{ISBN|0-8386-3850-3}}.</ref> Millais had previously used her as a model for his painting ''The Black Brunswicker'' (1860).
A portrait painter, she started exhibiting her works at the Royal Academy shows in 1877. She also regularly exhibited her work at the Society of Watercolour Painters and the Society of Lady Artists. Perugini sent three works to the Grosvenor Gallery between 1880 and 1882. One entitled ''Civettina'' (1880) is an Italian genre painting depicting a half-length portrait of a girl in profile, with her back to the viewer as in her own portrait by Millais.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Perugini exhibited her work at the Palace of Fine Arts and The Woman's Building at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, Illinois.<ref name="Nichols">{{cite web|url=http://arcadiasystems.org/academia/cassatt9c.html#perugini|title=Women's Art at the World's Fair & Exposition, Chicago 1893|last1=Nichols|first1=K. L.|access-date=30 July 2018}}</ref>
Perugini is particularly known for her portraits of children, which include: ''A Little Woman'' (1879), ''Feeding Rabbits (1884)'', [https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/dorothy-de-michele-77144 Dorothy de Michele] (1892), and ''A Flower Merchant''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Plarr|first=Victor|url=https://archive.org/details/menandwomentime02plargoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/menandwomentime02plargoog/page/n766 850]|quote=kate perugini a little woman.|title=Men and Women of the Time: A Dictionary of Contemporaries|date=1899|publisher=G. Routledge and sons, limited|language=en}}</ref>
==Bibliography== * Gladys Storey, (1939) Dickens and Daughter, Frederick Muller, reprinted New York, Haskell House, 1971 – memoir by a close friend * Lucinda Hawkins, (2006) Katey: The Life and Loves of Dickens's Artist Daughter, Doubleday, London, England.{{ISBN|978-0385607421}} * Lucinda Hawkins, (2013) Charles Dickens' Favorite Daughter: The Life, Loves, and Art of Katey Dickens Perugini, Globe Pequot Press, USA {{ISBN|978-0762785216}} * Lucinda Hawkins, (2018) Dickens's Artistic Daughter Katey: Her Life, Loves & Impact, Pen & Sword History, London {{ASIN|B07H3V71YR}}
==Illustrations of works== <gallery> File:Katechalk Perugini.jpg File:Agnes pheobe burra KatePerugini.jpg File:Kate Perugini.jpg File:Dora by Kate Perugini.jpg </gallery>
==See also== * Dickens family
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{commons category|Kate Perugini}} * {{OL author|5804889A}} * {{Art UK bio}}
{{Charles Dickens}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Perugini, Kate}} Category:1839 births Category:1929 deaths Category:Alumni of Bedford College, London Category:Charles Dickens Category:19th-century English women painters Category:Painters from London Category:Women of the Victorian era Category:Collins family (England) Category:Dickens family Category:19th-century English painters