{{short description|Māori healer in the 1400s}} [[File:MA I074607 TePapa Rangiora full.jpg|thumb|Rangiora, also known as the bushman's friend, as depicted by [[Sarah Featon]]]] {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} '''Kahupeka''' (sometimes referred to as '''Kahu''', '''Kahupekapeka''' or '''Kahukeke''') was a [[Māori people|Māori]] [[Folk healer|healer]] in the 1400s who helped pioneer herbal medicine in [[New Zealand]].<ref name="trailblazers1"/> She is remembered in oral history as a [[Tainui]] explorer who travelled the [[North Island New Zealand|North Island]], naming several locations and experimenting with herbal medicines.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://royalsociety.org.nz/150th-anniversary/150-women-in-150-words/kahupeka/|title=Kahupeka|website=Royal Society Te Apārangi}}</ref><ref name="whiting1">{{Cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/27068/kahupeka|title=Kahupeka|last=Whiting|first=Cliff|last2=Taonga|first2=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu|website=teara.govt.nz|language=en|access-date=2019-10-11}}</ref>
==Life== {{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|-38.125|175.3}} | zoom = 8 | width = 300 | height = 350 | mark-coord1 = {{coord|37|52|S|174|49|E|}} | mark-title1 = [[Karioi]] | shape1=n-circle | shape-color1=dark blue | shape-outline1=white | mark-size1=16 | mark-coord2 = {{coord|38|6|S|174|48|E}} | mark-title2 = [[Kāwhia]] | mark-coord3 = {{coord|37.991077|S|175.089243|E}} | mark-title3 = [[Mount Pirongia]] | mark-coord4 = {{coord|37|32|S|175|43|E}} | mark-title4 = [[Te Aroha]] | mark-coord5 = {{coord|38.42|S|175.80|E}} | mark-title5 = [[Whakamaru]] | mark-coord6 = {{coord|38.59|S|175.75|E}} | mark-title6 = Hurakia | mark-coord7 = {{coord|38|25|S|175|35|E}} | mark-title7 = [[Rangitoto Range|Rangitoto]] | mark-coord8 = {{coord|38|30|S|175|35|E}} | mark-title8 = [[Pureora Forest Park|Pureora]] | mark-coord9 = {{coord|-38.400000|175.516670}} | mark-title9 = Puke-o-kahu{{div col end}} | caption = {{div col|colwidth=10em}}Kahupeka's journey, according to [[Pei Te Hurinui Jones]].{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-61}} | auto-caption=1 }} According to [[Pei Te Hurinui Jones]], Kahupeka was a daughter of Rangaiho, son of Hape, son of Ngare, son of Rakatāura, a [[tohunga]] of the ''[[Tainui (canoe)|Tainui]]'' waka and his wife Kahukeke, daughter of [[Hoturoa]], leader of the ''Tainui'' waka.{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-59}} She grew up on [[Karioi]] and travelled to [[Kāwhia]] to marry Ue, the senior male-line descendant of Hoturoa (Jones gives the line of descent as Hoturoa, Hotuope, Hotuāwhio, Hotumatapū, Mōtai, Ue).{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-59}} Kahupeka had one son by Ue, Rakamaomao.{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-59}}
After Ue's death, she was grief-stricken and journeyed inland from Kāwhia. While travelling around the Waikato region, she is credited with naming many [[Waikato]] landscape features including [[Mount Pirongia]] and [[Te Aroha]] mountains.<ref name="whiting1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/waikato-places/page-14|title=14. – Waikato places – Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand|first=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu|last=Taonga|website=teara.govt.nz}}</ref>{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-59}} According to Jones, she first stopped at Mount Pirongia, which she called Pirongia-te-aroaro-o-Kahu ("Smelly-in-front-of-Kahu"). According to Tom Roa, she gave it this name because of symptoms of an illness that she was suffering from, which may have been the after-effects of a [[miscarriage]].<ref name="auto1"/> After this, she passed a stream which she named Manga-waero-o-te-aroaro-o-Kahu ("Creek-of-the-dog's-hair-apron-in-front-of-Kahu"), carried on to Te Aroha, which she named Te-Aroha-o-Kahu ("The Love of Kahu").{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-59}} She decided to settle a little further south at a place that she named [[Whakamaru|Te-Whakamaru-o-Kahu]] ("The Shelter of Kahu") and gathered the reeds for a house at Te-Whakakākaho-o-Kahu ("The reed-collecting-of-Kahu"), but the reeds were not good enough for building, so she carried on to the mountains west of [[Lake Taupō]], which she named Hurakia-o-Kahu ("Exposing-of-Kahu").{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-59}} She ran out of food at Maunga-pau-o-Kahu ("Mountain-of-the-starving-of-Kahu"), passed over [[Rangitoto Range|Rangitoto-o-Kahu]] ("Bloody-sky-of-Kahu"), fell sick and recovered at [[Pureora Forest Park|Pureora-o-Kahu]] ("Recovery-of-Kahu") and finally settled and died at Puke-o-Kahu ("Hill-of-Kahu"). After this, her son Rakamaomao returned to Kāwhia.{{sfn|Jones|Biggs|2004|pp=58-61}} Some of these claims are disputed, with many believing that it was her son who named Mount Pirongia.<ref name="trailblazers1"/>
Stories suggest she experimented with native plants while attempting to treat her illness, specifically [[harakeke]], [[koromiko (disambiguation)|koromiko]], [[kawakawa (tree)|kawakawa]], and [[Brachyglottis repanda|rangiora]].<ref name="auto1"/>
According to [[Ranginui Walker]], Kahupeka was the wife of the tohunga Rakatāura, a [[tohunga]], who settled at [[Mount Smart|Rarotonga / Mount Smart]] (i.e. the woman that Jones calls Kahukeke).{{sfn|Walker|2004|p=46}} In this version, Rakatāura gives Te Aroha its name after Kahupeka's death in Waikato, in honour of the love he felt for her.{{sfn|Walker|2004|p=46}}
== Recognition == In 2018, the [[Royal Society Te Apārangi]] named Kahupeka as one of the [[150 women in 150 words|150 women]] who made 'valuable contributions to expanding knowledge in Aotearoa/New Zealand'.<ref name="trailblazers1">{{Cite news|website=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/trailblazers/news/article.cfm?c_id=1504553&objectid=12124486|title=Trailblazers: Kahupeka|date=2018-09-16|access-date=2019-10-11|language=en-NZ|issn=1170-0777}}</ref>
In August 2020, the Pūrākau children's series on [[Māori Television]] included an episode featuring Kahupeka.<ref>[https://www.maoritelevision.com/shows/purakau/S01E005/purakau-episode-5 Pūrākau, Episode 5], maoritelevision.com</ref>
== References == {{reflist}}
==Bibliography== *{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Pei Te Hurinui |last2=Biggs |first2=Bruce |title=Ngā iwi o Tainui : nga koorero tuku iho a nga tuupuna = The traditional history of the Tainui people |date=2004 |publisher=Auckland University Press |location=Auckland [N.Z.] |isbn=1869403312}} *{{Cite book| title=Ka Whawhai Tonu Matou - Struggle Without End |year=2004 |publisher=[[Penguin Books (NZ)|Penguin Books]] |first1=Ranginui |last1=Walker |author-link1=Ranginui Walker |isbn=9780143019459 |location=Auckland, New Zealand |edition=Second |chapter=Nga Korero o Nehera |pages=46}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kahupeka}} [[Category:Tainui people]] [[Category:Year of birth unknown]] [[Category:Year of death unknown]] [[Category:New Zealand Māori women]] [[Category:15th-century women]] [[Category:Folk healers]] [[Category:15th-century New Zealand people]]