{{Short description|Malaysian electric multiple unit train}} {{refimprove |date=October 2017}} {{Infobox train | name = Class 81 | image = Class 81 KTM EMU 14 Komuter train, KL sentral Kuala Lumpur.jpg | imagesize = 300px | background = yellow | caption = A Class 81 EMU 14 Komuter train At Persimpangan Bangsar | manufacturer = Ganz-Hunslet | factory = [[Ganz Works]] ([[Jenbacher Transport]]) | designer = [[Hunslet_Engine_Company| Hunslet Transportation Projects]] | refurbishment = 2018 by [[Woojin Industrial Systems]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Barrow |first1=Keith |title=Woojin to upgrade Malaysian EMUs |url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/rolling-stock/woojin-to-upgrade-malaysian-emus.html |access-date=7 July 2018 |work=[[International Railway Journal]] |date=26 April 2018}}</ref> | operator = [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] | formation = 3 cars per unit | numberbuilt = 18 | depots = {{plainlist| * Batu Gajah Rail Depot * [[Sentul Komuter station#Depots|Sentul Komuter Depot]] }} | lines = {{plainlist| * [[KTM Komuter Southern Sector|Sentul-Batu Caves Shuttle]] * [[KTM Komuter Southern Sector|Batu Caves-Pulau Sebang/Tampin Line]] * [[KTM Komuter Northern Sector|Padang Besar-Butterworth Line]] }} | stocktype = | service = 1995–2012, 2018–present | traction = {{plainlist| * [[Brush HMA|HOLEC]] [[Gate turn-off thyristor|GTO]]–[[Variable-frequency drive|VVVF]] (original) * Woojin [[Insulated-gate bipolar transistor|IGBT]]–VVVF (refurbished) }} | traction motors = 8 × HOLEC DMKT55/18.5 {{convert|161|kW|abbr=on}} 3-phase AC induction motor<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=Majestic Engineering Sdn Bhd |title=Our Business |url=https://majesticengineering.com.my/our-business/}}</ref> | poweroutput = {{convert|1288|kW|abbr=on}} | height = {{convert|3.65|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|121|t|abbr=on}} | capacity = 414 (224 seats) | maxspeed = {{plainlist| * {{convert|160|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (design) * {{convert|125|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} (service) }} | gauge = {{track gauge|metre|allk=on}} | electricsystem = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[overhead line|overhead catenary]] | collectionmethod = [[Pantograph (transport)|Pantograph]] | uicclass = Bo′Bo′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′ }}
The '''Class 81''' is the first and oldest type of [[electric multiple unit]] introduced by [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] for its [[KTM Komuter]] service. 18 sets were designed by [[Hunslet Engine Company|Hunslet Transportation Projects]] and built by [[Ganz Works]] in 1993-1994.<ref name=":0">[https://img.index.hu/imgfrm/5/7/2/0/BIG_0000195720.jpg KTM Class 81 EMU Malaysia 1993.10.07. steel body construction in Hungary]</ref><ref>[https://www.mot.gov.my/en/land/infrastructure/current-rail-services Current rail services — Klang Valley Integrated Transit System]</ref>
The Class 81 currently operates in a fixed 3-car formation for its regular service.<ref name="ktmkom1">{{cite web|title=KOMI|url=http://www.ktmkomuter.com.my/about_us/komi.php#here|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100429181809/http://www.ktmkomuter.com.my/about_us/komi.php#here|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 April 2010|work=ktmkomuter.com.my|publisher=KTM Komuter|access-date=29 January 2012}}</ref> The middle coach is exclusively for women and children.
The KTM Class 81 design is derived from the [[British Rail Class 323]], with the main alteration being that it has single leaf swing-plug doors instead of a double leaf type.
==Description== The EMUs were built from 1993 to 1994<ref name=":0" /> and entered service on 3 August 1995. The EMUs were the first electric trains of any kind in KTM's history. They operate in [[multiple-unit]] formation. The EMUs were state-of-the-art, with remote-controlled pneumatic doors, automatic train protection (ATP), a train data recorder, wheel-slip control, GTO/IGBT traction electronics, and regenerative braking, and ran from a {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[Overhead line|overhead catenary]] supply. Up to the point of their introduction, no other KTM motive power used these modern train control systems.
The trains run in a 3-car formation. They were once run in 3+3 formations during rush hour, but this configuration was discontinued.
The cessation of [[Jenbacher|Jenbacher’s]] rail operations resulted in the loss of spare parts for these trains. Over the years, their maintenance lapsed, resulting in poor reliability and premature failure. As a result, some had to be used as dummy coaches in a hybrid service. A diesel locomotive pulled the coaches, and a power generator was attached at the end. The hybrid service started in 2009 and ended in 2012, when new trains rendered this stopgap measure unnecessary.
Many trains were rendered surplus after the introduction of the [[KTM Class 92|Class 92]] in 2012. Some were brought down to be converted to intercity sets, while others were scrapped. The refurbished sets could not be used as intercity sets in the end as regulations mandate that long distance trains have a toilet, which this class lacks.
The class disappeared from passenger service from 2012 to 2018. However, in 2018, many of the refurbished EMUs were brought back into service. They currently operate on the Batu Caves shuttle, the Northern Sector, and occasionally the Central Sector.
{| class="wikitable outercollapse" border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1" bgcolor="#ffffff" style="text-align: center; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse;" |- ! Car No. !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 |- ! Seating capacity | 72 || 80 || 72 |- ! Designation | Mc || Tp || Mc |}
{| class="wikitable collapsible innercollapse" ! Set Designation !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! Status |- |EMU 01 |C8101 |T8101 |C8102 | style="background: red; color: white" | Scrapped |- |EMU 02 |C8103 |T8102 |C8104 | rowspan="3" style="background: red; color: white" | Abandoned |- |EMU 03 |C8105 |T8103 |C8106 |- |EMU 04 |C8107 |T8104 |C8108 |- |EMU 05 |C8109 |T8105 |C8110 | rowspan="2" style="background: green; color: white" | Refurbished<ref>{{cite web | url=https://railtravelstation.com/ktm-berhad/rolling-stock/electric-multiple-unit/81-class/| title=81 Class KTM Komuter | publisher=Railtravel Station}}</ref>
|- |EMU 06 |C8111 |T8106 |C8112 |- |EMU 07 |C8113 |T8107 |C8114 | rowspan="2" style="background: red; color: white" | Abandoned |- |EMU 08 |C8115 |T8108 |C8116 |- |EMU 09 |C8117 |T8109 |C8118 | style="background: green; color: white" | Refurbished |- |EMU 10 |C8119 |T8110 |C8120 | rowspan="3" style="background: red; color: white" | Abandoned |- |EMU 11 |C8121 |T8111 |C8122 |- |EMU 12 |C8123 |T8112 |C8124 |- |EMU 13 |C8125 |T8113 |C8126 | rowspan="2" style="background: green; color: white" | Refurbished |- |EMU 14 |C8127 |T8114 |C8128 |- |EMU 15 |C8129 |T8115 |C8130 | style="background: red; color: white" | Abandoned |- |EMU 16 |C8131 |T8116 |C8132 | rowspan="2" style="background: red; color: white" | Abandoned at Rawang |- |EMU 17 |C8133 |T8117 |C8134 |- |EMU 18 |C8135 |T8118 |C8136 | style="background: red; color: white" | Abandoned |}
==Gallery== <gallery widths="180"> File:KTM Komuter (Class 81 train interior).jpg|The (modified—with walls cut open and additional handle bars) interior of a Class 81 EMU train. File:Class 81 KTM Komuter train, Kuala Lumpur.jpg|A Class 81 EMU 03 commuter train File:KTM CLASS 81 EMU 14 & CLASS 82 EMU 42.jpg|Class 81 EMU 14 (left) File:KTM CLASS 81 EMU 06.jpg|Class 81 EMU 06 File:KTM CLASS 81 EMU 06 Signal Switch.jpg|Class 81 EMU 06 File:Seremban railway station (Rawang-Seremban Line), Seremban.jpg|Class 81 EMU at [[Seremban railway station]] </gallery>
==References== {{commons category|KTM Class 81}} {{reflist}}
{{Rail transport in Malaysia}}
[[Category:KTM Komuter]] [[Category:Electric multiple units of Malaysia]] [[Category:Train-related introductions in 1994]] [[Category:25 kV AC multiple units]] [[Category:Ganz-Mavag multiple units]]