June 12

Events

Pre-1600

• 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors.^[1]
• 1042 – Constantine IX Monomachos is crowned as Byzantine Emperor, one day after is marriage to Empress Zoe Porphyrogenita.^[2]
• 1206 – The Ghurid general Qutb ud-Din Aibak founds the Delhi Sultanate.^[3]
• 1240 – At the instigation of Louis IX of France, an inter-faith debate, known as the Disputation of Paris, starts between a Christian monk and four rabbis.^[4]
• 1381 – Peasants' Revolt: In England, rebels assemble at Blackheath, just outside London.^[5]
• 1418 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Parisians slaughter sympathizers of Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac, along with all prisoners, foreign bankers, and students and faculty of the College of Navarre.^[6]
• 1429 – Hundred Years' War: On the second day of the Battle of Jargeau, Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk.
• 1550 – The city of Helsinki, Finland (belonging to Sweden at the time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.

1601–1900

• 1643 – The Westminster Assembly is convened by the Parliament of England, without the assent of Charles I, in order to restructure the Church of England.^[7]
• 1653 – First Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of the Gabbard begins, lasting until the following day.^[8]
• 1665 – Thomas Willett is appointed the first mayor of New York City.^[9]
• 1758 – French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, commences.^[10]
• 1772 – French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne and 25 of his men are killed by Māori in New Zealand.
• 1775 – American War of Independence: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
• 1776 – The Virginia Declaration of Rights is adopted.^[11]
• 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: Battle of Ballynahinch.^[12]
• 1813 – Capture of USRC Surveyor.^[13]
• 1817 – The earliest form of bicycle, the dandy horse, is driven by Karl von Drais.
• 1821 – Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Isma'il Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.^[14]
• 1830 – Beginning of the Invasion of Algiers: Thirty-four thousand French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
• 1864 – American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
• 1898 – Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.^[15]
• 1899 – New Richmond tornado: The ninth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 people and injures around 200.
• 1900 – The Reichstag approves new legislation continuing Germany's naval expansion program, providing for construction of 38 battleships over a 20-year period. Germany's fleet would be the largest in the world.^[16]

1901–present

• 1914 – Massacre of Phocaea: Turkish irregulars slaughter 50 to 100 Greeks and expel thousands of others in an ethnic cleansing operation in the Ottoman Empire.
• 1921 – Mikhail Tukhachevsky orders the use of chemical weapons against the Tambov Rebellion, bringing an end to the peasant uprising.^[17]
• 1935 – A ceasefire is negotiated between Bolivia and Paraguay, ending the Chaco War.
• 1939 – Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.^[18]
• 1939 – The Baseball Hall of Fame opens in Cooperstown, New York.
• 1940 – World War II: Thirteen thousand British and French troops surrender to General Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
• 1942 – Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
• 1943 – The Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Brzeżany, Poland (now Berezhany, Ukraine). Around 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
• 1944 – World War II: Battle of Carentan: American paratroopers of the 101st Airborne Division secure the town of Carentan, Normandy, France.
• 1950 – An Air France Douglas DC-4 crashes near Bahrain International Airport, killing 46 people.^[19]
• 1954 – Pope Pius XII canonises Dominic Savio, who was 14 years old at the time of his death, as a saint, making him at the time the youngest unmartyred saint in the Roman Catholic Church. In 2017, Francisco and Jacinta Marto, aged ten and nine at the time of their deaths, are declared as saints.
• 1963 – NAACP field secretary Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi, by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith during the civil rights movement.
• 1963 – The film Cleopatra, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton, is released in US theaters. It was the most expensive film made at the time.^[20]
• 1964 – Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
• 1967 – The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws that prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
• 1975 – State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain: Judge Jagmohanlal Sinha rules against Indira Gandhi in a case on her election to the Indian Parliament, and that she should be banned from holding any public office, triggering a political crisis.
• 1979 – Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man-powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.
• 1981 – The first of the Indiana Jones film franchise, Raiders of the Lost Ark, is released in theaters.^[21]
• 1982 – A nuclear disarmament rally and concert is held in New York City.^[22]
• 1987 – The Central African Republic's former emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.
• 1987 – Cold War: At the Brandenburg Gate, U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.
• 1988 – Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 046, a McDonnell Douglas MD-81, crashes short of the runway at Libertador General José de San Martín Airport, killing all 22 people on board.^[23]
• 1990 – Russia Day: The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
• 1991 – In modern Russia's first democratic election, Boris Yeltsin is elected as the President of Russia.
• 1991 – Kokkadichcholai massacre: The Sri Lankan Army massacres 152 minority Tamil civilians in the village of Kokkadichcholai near the Eastern Province town of Batticaloa.
• 1993 – An election takes place in Nigeria and is won by Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola. Its results are later annulled by the military government of Ibrahim Babangida.
• 1999 – Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins when a NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force, Kosovo Force (KFor), enters the province of Kosovo in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
• 2009 – A disputed presidential election in Iran leads to wide-ranging local and international protests.
• 2014 – Between 1,095 and 1,700 Shia Iraqi people are killed in an attack by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant^[24] on Camp Speicher in Tikrit, Iraq. It is the second deadliest act of terrorism in history, only behind 9/11.^[25]
• 2016 – Forty-nine civilians are killed and 58 others injured in an attack on a gay nightclub in Orlando, Florida, United States; the gunman, Omar Mateen, is killed in a gunfight with police.^[26]
• 2018 – United States President Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un of North Korea held the first meeting between leaders of their two countries in Singapore.^[27]
• 2019 – Kassym-Jomart Tokayev is inaugurated as the second president of Kazakhstan.^[28]
• 2024 – A fire in a residential building in Mangaf, Kuwait City kills at least 50 people.^[29]
• 2025 – Air India Flight 171, a Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner, crashes shortly after takeoff into the B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, India, killing 241 out of 242 onboard as well as 19 on the ground.^[30] This marked the first fatal crash and hull loss of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner.^[31]

Births

Pre-1600

• 950 – Reizei, Japanese emperor (died 1011)
• 1107 – Gao Zong, Chinese emperor (died 1187)
• 1161 – Constance, Duchess of Brittany (died 1201)
• 1519 – Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (died 1574)
• 1561 – Anna of Württemberg, German princess (died 1616)
• 1564 – John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg (died 1633)
• 1573 – Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, soldier (died 1629)
• 1577 – Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (died 1643)
• 1580 – Adriaen van Stalbemt, Flemish painter (died 1662)

1601–1900

• 1653 – Maria Amalia of Courland, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (died 1711)
• 1686 – Marie-Catherine Homassel Hecquet, French writer (died 1764)
• 1711 – Louis Legrand, French priest and theologian (died 1780)
• 1760 – Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai, French author, playwright, journalist, and politician (died 1797)
• 1771 – Patrick Gass, American sergeant (Lewis and Clark Expedition) and author (died 1870)
• 1775 – Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (died 1851)
• 1777 – Robert Clark, American physician and politician (died 1837)
• 1798 – Samuel Cooper, American general (died 1876)
• 1800 – Samuel Wright Mardis, American politician (died 1836)
• 1802 – Harriet Martineau, English sociologist and author (died 1876)
• 1806 – John A. Roebling, German-American engineer, designed the Brooklyn Bridge (died 1869)
• 1807 – Ante Kuzmanić, Croatian physician and journalist (died 1879)
• 1812 – Edmond Hébert, French geologist and academic (died 1890)
• 1819 – Charles Kingsley, English priest, historian, and author (died 1875)
• 1827 – Johanna Spyri, Swiss author, best known for Heidi (died 1901)
• 1831 – Robert Herbert, English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of Queensland (died 1905)
• 1841 – Watson Fothergill, English architect, designed the Woodborough Road Baptist Church (died 1928)
• 1843 – David Gill, Scottish-English astronomer and author (died 1914)
• 1851 – Oliver Lodge, English physicist and academic (died 1940)
• 1857 – Maurice Perrault, Canadian architect, engineer, and politician, 15th Mayor of Longueuil (died 1909)
• 1858 – Harry Johnston, English botanist and explorer (died 1927)
• 1858 – Henry Scott Tuke, English painter and photographer (died 1929)
• 1861 – William Attewell, English cricketer and umpire (died 1927)
• 1864 – Frank Chapman, American ornithologist, photographer, and author (died 1945)
• 1873 – Jacques Pellegrin, French zoologist (died 1944)^[32]
• 1877 – Thomas C. Hart, American admiral and politician (died 1971)
• 1883 – Fernand Gonder, French pole vaulter (died 1969)
• 1883 – Robert Lowie, Austrian-American anthropologist and academic (died 1957)
• 1888 – Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician and academic (died 1920)^[33]
• 1890 – Egon Schiele, Austrian soldier and painter (died 1918)^[34]
• 1892 – Djuna Barnes, American novelist, journalist, and playwright (died 1982)
• 1895 – Eugénie Brazier, French chef (died 1977)^[35]
• 1897 – Anthony Eden, English soldier and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1977)
• 1899 – Fritz Albert Lipmann, German-American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1986)
• 1899 – Weegee, Ukrainian-American photographer and journalist (died 1968)

1901–present

• 1902 – Hendrik Elias, Belgian lawyer and politician, Mayor of Ghent (died 1973)
• 1905 – Ray Barbuti, American sprinter and football player (died 1988)
• 1906 – Sandro Penna, Italian poet (died 1977)
• 1908 – Marina Semyonova, Russian ballerina and educator (died 2010)
• 1908 – Otto Skorzeny, German SS officer (died 1975)
• 1912 – Bill Cowley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (died 1993)
• 1912 – Carl Hovland, American psychologist and academic (died 1961)
• 1913 – Jean Victor Allard, Canadian general (died 1996)
• 1913 – Desmond Piers, Canadian admiral (died 2005)
• 1914 – William Lundigan, American actor (died 1975)
• 1914 – Go Seigen, Chinese-Japanese Go player (died 2014)
• 1915 – Priscilla Lane, American actress (died 1995)
• 1915 – Christopher Mayhew, English soldier and politician (died 1997)
• 1915 – David Rockefeller, American banker and businessman (died 2017)
• 1916 – Irwin Allen, American director and producer (died 1991)
• 1916 – Raúl Héctor Castro, Mexican-American politician and diplomat, 14th Governor of Arizona (died 2015)
• 1918 – Georgia Louise Harris Brown, American architect (died 1999)^[36]
• 1918 – Christie Jayaratnam Eliezer, Sri Lankan-Australian mathematician and academic (died 2001)
• 1919 – Uta Hagen, German-American actress and educator (died 2004)
• 1920 – Dave Berg, American soldier and cartoonist (died 2002)
• 1920 – Peter Jones, English actor and screenwriter (died 2000)
• 1921 – Luis García Berlanga, Spanish director and screenwriter (died 2010)
• 1921 – James Archibald Houston, Canadian author and illustrator (died 2005)
• 1922 – Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist and author (died 2013)^[37]
• 1924 – George H. W. Bush, American lieutenant and politician, 41st President of the United States (died 2018)^[38]
• 1924 – Grete Dollitz, German-American guitarist and radio host (died 2013)
• 1926 – Amadeo Carrizo, Argentine footballer (died 2020)^[39]
• 1928 – Vic Damone, American singer-songwriter and actor (died 2018)
• 1928 – Petros Molyviatis, Greek politician and diplomat, Greek Minister for Foreign Affairs (died 2025)
• 1928 – Richard M. Sherman, American composer and director (died 2024)^[40]
• 1929 – Brigid Brophy, English author and critic (died 1995)
• 1929 – Roy Bull, Australian rugby league player (died 2004)^[41]
• 1929 – Anne Frank, German-Dutch diarist; victim of the Holocaust (died 1945)^[42]
• 1929 – Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani linguist and academic (died 2019)
• 1929 – John McCluskey, Baron McCluskey, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Solicitor General for Scotland (died 2017)
• 1930 – Jim Burke, Australian cricketer (died 1979)
• 1930 – Donald Byrne, American chess player (died 1976)
• 1930 – Innes Ireland, Scottish racing driver and engineer (died 1993)
• 1930 – Jim Nabors, American actor and singer (died 2017)
• 1931 – Trevanian, American author and scholar (died 2005)
• 1931 – Rona Jaffe, American novelist (died 2005)
• 1932 – Mimi Coertse, South African soprano and producer (died 2026)
• 1932 – Mamo Wolde, Ethiopian runner (died 2002)
• 1933 – Eddie Adams, American photographer and journalist (died 2004)
• 1934 – John A. Alonzo, American actor and cinematographer (died 2001)
• 1934 – Kevin Billington, English director and producer (died 2021)
• 1935 – Ian Craig, Australian cricketer (died 2014)
• 1935 – Paul Kennedy, English lawyer and judge
• 1937 – Vladimir Arnold, Russian-French mathematician and academic (died 2010)
• 1937 – Klaus Basikow, German footballer and manager (died 2015)
• 1937 – Antal Festetics, Hungarian-Austrian biologist and zoologist
• 1937 – Chips Moman, American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter (died 2016)
• 1938 – Jean-Marie Doré, Guinean lawyer and politician, 11th Prime Minister of Guinea (died 2016)
• 1938 – Tom Oliver, English-Australian actor
• 1939 – Ron Lynch, Australian rugby league player and coach (died 2024)
• 1939 – Frank McCloskey, American sergeant and politician (died 2003)
• 1940 – Jacques Brassard, Canadian educator and politician
• 1941 – Marv Albert, American sportscaster
• 1941 – Chick Corea, American pianist and composer (died 2021)^[43]
• 1941 – Roy Harper, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1941 – Reg Presley, English singer-songwriter (died 2013)
• 1941 – Lucille Roybal-Allard, American politician
• 1942 – Len Barry, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 2020)
• 1942 – Bert Sakmann, German physiologist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1945 – Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer and coach
• 1946 – Michel Bergeron, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1946 – Bobby Gould, English footballer and manager
• 1946 – Catherine Bréchignac, French physicist and academic
• 1948 – Hans Binder, Austrian racing driver
• 1948 – Herbert Meyer, German footballer
• 1948 – Len Wein, American comic book writer and editor (died 2017)
• 1949 – Jens Böhrnsen, German judge and politician
• 1949 – Marc Tardif, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1949 – John Wetton, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (died 2017)
• 1950 – Oğuz Abadan, Turkish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1950 – Michael Fabricant, English politician
• 1950 – Sonia Manzano, American actress
• 1951 – Brad Delp, American musician and singer (died 2007)
• 1951 – Andranik Margaryan, Armenian engineer and politician, 10th Prime Minister of Armenia (died 2007)
• 1952 – Spencer Abraham, American academic and politician, 10th United States Secretary of Energy
• 1952 – Junior Brown, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1953 – Rocky Burnette, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1953 – Árni Steinar Jóhannsson, Icelandic politician (died 2015)^[44]
• 1956 – Terry Alderman, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
• 1956 – Michael Angelo Batio, American heavy metal guitarist^[45]
• 1957 – Timothy Busfield, American actor, director, and producer
• 1957 – Javed Miandad, Pakistani cricketer and coach
• 1958 – Meredith Brooks, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1958 – Barry Michael Cooper, American writer, producer and director (died 2025)^[46]
• 1959 – John Linnell, American singer-songwriter and musician
• 1959 – Scott Thompson, Canadian actor and comedian
• 1960 – Joe Kopicki, American basketball player and coach
• 1962 – Jordan Peterson, Canadian psychologist, professor and cultural critic
• 1963 – Philippe Bugalski, French racing driver (died 2012)
• 1963 – Warwick Capper, Australian footballer, coach, and actor
• 1964 – Derek Higgins, Irish racing driver
• 1964 – Takashi Yamazaki, Japanese filmmaker^[47]
• 1965 – Adrian Toole, Australian rugby league player
• 1965 – Gwen Torrence, American sprinter
• 1965 – Cathy Tyson, English actress
• 1966 – Marc Glanville, Australian rugby league player
• 1966 – Tom Misteli, Swiss cell biologist
• 1967 – Aivar Kuusmaa, Estonian basketball player and coach
• 1967 – Frances O'Connor, English-Australian actress
• 1968 – Scott Aldred, American baseball player and coach
• 1968 – Bobby Sheehan, American bass player and songwriter (died 1999)
• 1969 – Zsolt Daczi, Hungarian guitarist (died 2007)
• 1969 – Héctor Garza, Mexican wrestler (died 2013)
• 1969 – Mathieu Schneider, American ice hockey player
• 1969 – Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician
• 1971 – Mark Henry, American weightlifter and wrestler
• 1971 – Ryan Klesko, American baseball player
• 1971 – Jérôme Romain, Caribbean-Dominican triple jumper and coach
• 1973 – Jason Caffey, American basketball player and coach
• 1973 – Darryl White, Australian footballer
• 1974 – Flávio Conceição, Brazilian footballer
• 1974 – Hideki Matsui, Japanese baseball player
• 1975 – Bryan Alvarez, American wrestler and journalist
• 1975 – Stéphanie Szostak, French-American actress
• 1976 – Antawn Jamison, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1976 – Ray Price, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1976 – Thomas Sørensen, Danish footballer
• 1976 – Paul Stenning, English author^[48]
• 1977 – Wade Redden, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1978 – Lewis Moody, English rugby player
• 1979 – Dallas Clark, American football player
• 1979 – Martine Dugrenier, Canadian wrestler
• 1979 – Diego Milito, Argentine footballer^[49]
• 1979 – Robyn, Swedish singer-songwriter, musician, and record producer^[50]
• 1979 – Earl Watson, American basketball player and coach^[51]
• 1980 – Marco Bortolami, Italian rugby player
• 1981 – Raitis Grafs, Latvian basketball player
• 1981 – Adriana Lima, Brazilian model and actress
• 1982 – Shailaja Pujari, Indian weightlifter^[52]
• 1982 – James Tomlinson, English cricketer^[53]
• 1983 – Bryan Habana, South African rugby player
• 1983 – Christine Sinclair, Canadian soccer player
• 1984 – James Kwalia, Kenyan-Qatari runner^[54]
• 1984 – Bruno Soriano, Spanish footballer
• 1985 – Dave Franco, American actor^[55]
• 1985 – Blake Ross, American computer programmer, co-created Mozilla Firefox
• 1985 – Sam Thaiday, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster^[56]
• 1985 – Kendra Wilkinson, American model, actress, and author^[57]
• 1986 – Salim Mehajer, Australian politician
• 1988 – Eren Derdiyok, Swiss footballer^[58]
• 1988 – Mauricio Isla, Chilean footballer^[59]
• 1989 – Emma Eliasson, Swedish ice hockey player^[60]
• 1989 – Ibrahim Jeilan, Ethiopian runner^[61]
• 1990 – Jrue Holiday, American basketball player^[62]
• 1990 – David Worrall, English footballer
• 1991 – Avisaíl García, Venezuelan baseball player^[63]
• 1992 – Philippe Coutinho, Brazilian footballer^[64]
• 1992 – Allie DiMeco, American actress and musician^[65]
• 1994 – Don Toliver, American rapper and singer-songwriter^[66]
• 1996 – Gustav Forsling, Swedish ice hockey player^[67]
• 1996 – Davinson Sánchez, Colombian footballer^[68]
• 1996 – Shonica Wharton, Barbadian netball player^[69]
• 1999 – CarryMinati, Indian YouTuber^[70]
• 2002 – Koni De Winter, Belgian footballer^[71]

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 796 – Hisham I, Muslim emir (b. 757)
• 816 – Pope Leo III (born 750)
• 918 – Æthelflæd, Mercian daughter of Alfred the Great (born 870)
• 1020 – Lyfing, English archbishop (born 999)
• 1036 – Tedald, Italian bishop (born 990)
• 1144 – Al-Zamakhshari, Persian theologian (born 1075)
• 1152 – Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon (born 1114)
• 1266 – Henry II, Prince of Anhalt-Aschersleben (born 1215)
• 1294 – John I of Brienne, Count of Eu
• 1418 – Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac (born 1360)
• 1420 – Adolf I, Count of Nassau-Siegen (born 1362)^[72]
• 1435 – John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel, English commander (born 1408)
• 1478 – Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua (born 1412)
• 1524 – Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, Spanish conquistador (born 1465)
• 1560 – Ii Naomori, Japanese warrior (born 1506)
• 1560 – Imagawa Yoshimoto, Japanese daimyō (born 1519)
• 1565 – Adrianus Turnebus, French philologist and scholar (born 1512)
• 1567 – Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich, English politician, Lord Chancellor of England (born 1490)
• 1574 – Renée of France, Duchess of Ferrara (born 1510)^[73]

1601–1900

• 1647 – Thomas Farnaby, English scholar and educator (born 1575)
• 1668 – Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge, English politician (born 1599)
• 1675 – Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (born 1634)
• 1734 – James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, French-English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (born 1670)
• 1758 – Prince Augustus William of Prussia (born 1722)
• 1772 – Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, French explorer (born 1724)
• 1778 – Philip Livingston, American merchant and politician (born 1716)
• 1816 – Pierre Augereau, French general (born 1757)
• 1818 – Egwale Seyon, Ethiopian emperor
• 1841 – Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Greek composer, archaeologist, and philologist (born 1786)
• 1900 – Lucretia Peabody Hale, American journalist and author (born 1820)^[74]

1901–present

• 1904 – Camille of Renesse-Breidbach (born 1836)
• 1912 – Frédéric Passy, French economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1822)
• 1917 – Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan-American singer-songwriter, pianist, and conductor (born 1853)
• 1932 – Theo Heemskerk, Dutch lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (born 1852)
• 1937 – Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Russian general (born 1893)
• 1944 – Erich Marcks, German general (born 1891)
• 1946 – Médéric Martin, Canadian politician, mayor of Montreal (born 1869)
• 1952 – Harry Lawson, Australian politician, 27th Premier of Victoria (born 1875)
• 1957 – Jimmy Dorsey, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (The Dorsey Brothers and The California Ramblers) (born 1904)
• 1962 – John Ireland, English composer and educator (born 1879)
• 1963 – Medgar Evers, American soldier and activist (born 1925)
• 1966 – Hermann Scherchen, German viola player and conductor (born 1891)
• 1968 – Herbert Read, English poet and critic (born 1893)
• 1969 – Aleksandr Deyneka, Ukrainian-Russian painter and sculptor (born 1899)
• 1972 – Edmund Wilson, American critic, essayist, and editor (born 1895)
• 1972 – Dinanath Gopal Tendulkar, Indian writer and documentary filmmaker (born 1909)
• 1976 – Gopinath Kaviraj, Indian philosopher and scholar (born 1887)
• 1978 – Guo Moruo, Chinese historian, author, and poet (born 1892)
• 1978 – Georg Siimenson, Estonian footballer (born 1912)
• 1980 – Billy Butlin, South African-English businessman, founded the Butlins Company (born 1899)^[75]
• 1980 – Masayoshi Ōhira, Japanese politician, 68th Prime minister of Japan (born 1910)
• 1980 – Milburn Stone, American actor (born 1904)
• 1982 – Ian McKay, English sergeant, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1953)
• 1982 – Karl von Frisch, Austrian-German ethologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1886)
• 1983 – Norma Shearer, Canadian-American actress (born 1902)
• 1989 – Bruce Hamilton, Australian public servant (born 1911)
• 1990 – Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, English captain and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (born 1914)
• 1994 – Nicole Brown Simpson, ex-wife of O. J. Simpson (born 1959) and Ron Goldman, restaurant employee (born 1968)^[76]
• 1994 – Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Russian-American rabbi and author (born 1902)^[77]
• 1994 – Philip Vera Cruz, Filipino-American labor leader and farmworker (born 1904)^[78]
• 1995 – Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (born 1920)^[79]
• 1995 – Pierre Russell, American basketball player (born 1949)
• 1997 – Bulat Okudzhava, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1924)
• 1998 – Leo Buscaglia, American author and educator (born 1924)
• 1998 – Theresa Merritt, American actress and singer (born 1922)
• 1999 – Malekeh Malekzadeh Bayani, Iranian numismatist (born 1910)^[80]
• 1999 – J. F. Powers, American novelist and short story writer (born 1917)^[81]
• 2000 – Purushottam Laxman Deshpande, Indian actor, director, and producer (born 1919)
• 2002 – Bill Blass, American fashion designer, founded Bill Blass Limited (born 1922)
• 2002 – Zena Sutherland, American reviewer of children's literature (born 1915)^[82]
• 2003 – Gregory Peck, American actor and political activist (born 1916)
• 2005 – Scott Young, Canadian journalist and author (born 1918)
• 2006 – Nicky Barr, Australian rugby player and fighter pilot (born 1915)
• 2006 – György Ligeti, Romanian-Hungarian composer and educator (born 1923)
• 2006 – Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (born 1923)
• 2008 – Miroslav Dvořák, Czech ice hockey player (born 1951)
• 2008 – Derek Tapscott, Welsh footballer and manager (born 1932)
• 2010 – Al Williamson, American illustrator (born 1931)
• 2011 – René Audet, Canadian bishop (born 1920)
• 2012 – Hector Bianciotti, Argentinian-French journalist and author (born 1930)
• 2012 – Margarete Mitscherlich-Nielsen, Danish-German psychoanalyst and author (born 1917)
• 2012 – Medin Zhega, Albanian footballer and manager (born 1946)
• 2012 – Elinor Ostrom, American political scientist and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1933)^[83]
• 2012 – Pahiño, Spanish footballer (born 1923)
• 2012 – Frank Walker, Australian judge and politician, 41st Attorney General of New South Wales (born 1942)
• 2013 – Teresita Barajuen, Spanish nun (born 1908)
• 2013 – Jason Leffler, American racing driver (born 1975)^[84]
• 2015 – Fernando Brant, Brazilian journalist, poet, and composer (born 1946)^[85]
• 2018 – Jon Hiseman, English drummer (born 1944)^[86]
• 2019 – Sylvia Miles, American actress (born 1924)^[87]
• 2022 – Philip Baker Hall, American actor (born 1931)^[88][89]
• 2022 – Phil Bennett, Welsh rugby union player (born 1948)^[90]
• 2023 – Silvio Berlusconi, Italian businessman and politician, Prime Minister of Italy (born 1936)^[91]
• 2023 – Francesco Nuti, Italian actor and director, (born 1955)^[92]
• 2023 – John Romita Sr., comic book artist and author (born 1930)^[93]
• 2023 – Treat Williams, American actor (born 1951)^[94]
• 2024 – William H. Donaldson, American businessman (born 1931)^[95]
• 2024 – Neil Goldschmidt, American lawyer and politician, 33rd Governor of Oregon (born 1940)^[96]
• 2024 – Jerry West, American basketball player and executive (born 1938)^[97]

Holidays and observances

• Chaco Armistice Day (Paraguay)
• Christian feast day:
  • 108 Martyrs of World War II
  • Basilides^[98]
  • Blessed Hildegard Burjan
  • Enmegahbowh (Episcopal Church)
  • Eskil^[98]
  • Blessed Florida Cevoli
  • First Ecumenical Council (Lutheran)
  • Gaspar Bertoni^[98]
  • Blessed Maria Candida of the Eucharist^[98]
  • Blessed Mercedes de Jesús Molina^[98]
  • Onuphrius^[98]
  • Pope Leo III^[98]
  • Ternan
  • June 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Dia dos Namorados (Brazil)
• Helsinki Day (Finland)
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of the Philippines from Spain in 1898.
• June 12 Commemoration (Lagos State)
• Loving Day (United States)
• Russia Day (Russia)^[99]
• Women Veterans Recognition Day (United States)^[100]
• World Day Against Child Labour,^[101] and its related observances:
  • Children's Day (Haiti)

References

1. ^ László Kósa (1999). A Cultural History of Hungary: From the beginnings to the eighteenth century. Corvina. p. 54. ISBN 978-963-13-4836-1.
2. ^ A Chronology of the Byzantine Empire. Basingstoke [England] ; New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 2006. p. 368. ISBN 978-1-4039-1774-4.
3. ^ Jackson, Peter (2000). The Delhi Sultanate: a political and military history. Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization. Reprint ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
4. ^ Avner Falk (1996). A Psychoanalytic History of the Jews. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 488. ISBN 978-0-8386-3660-2.
5. ^ Henry De Beltgens Gibbins (14 December 2015). Industry in England: Historical Outlines. Routledge. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-317-27507-7.
6. ^ Norma Lorre Goodrich (1963). Charles, Duke of Orleans: A Literary Biography. Macmillan. p. 135.
7. ^ Letham, Robert (2009). The Westminster Assembly: Reading Its Theology in Historical Context. The Westminster Assembly and the Reformed Faith. Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing. p. 30. ISBN 978-0-87552-612-6.
8. ^ Lincoln P. Paine (2000). Warships of the World to 1900. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 220. ISBN 0-395-98414-9.
9. ^ New York (N.Y.). Department of Public Works (1956). The Renascence of City Hall: Commemorative Presentation, Rededication of City Hall, the City of New York, July 12, 1956. Published with the cooperation of the co-sponsor DowntownManhattan Association, Incorporated. p. 67.
10. ^ A. J. B. Johnston (1 December 2007). Endgame 1758: The Promise, the Glory, and the Despair of Louisbourg's Last Decade. U of Nebraska Press. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-8032-0986-2.
11. ^ John J. Patrick (1995). Founding the Republic: A Documentary History. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 52–. ISBN 978-0-313-29226-2.
12. ^ McCarty's Annual Statistician. L.P. McCarty. 1879. p. 124.
13. ^ "Revenue Cutter Surveyor". hmdb.org. Historical Marker Database. Retrieved June 1, 2025.
14. ^ Holt, P. M. & Daly, M. W. (2011). A History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day. 6th ed. Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 978-1405874458.
15. ^ Halili, Maria Christine N. (2004). Philippine History. Manila: Rex Book Store. p. 162. ISBN 9789712339349.
16. ^ Legrand, Jacques (1987). Chronicle of the 20th Century. Ecam Publication. p. 15. ISBN 0-942191-01-3.
17. ^ Nicolas Werth, Karel Bartošek, Jean-Louis Panné, Jean-Louis Margolin, Andrzej Paczkowski, Stéphane Courtois, The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression, Harvard University Press, 1999, hardcover, 858 pages, ISBN 0-674-07608-7.
18. ^ Telotte, J.P. (2019). Movies, Modernism, and the Science Fiction Pulps. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 41. ISBN 9780190949655.; "Tradeviews". The Hollywood Reporter. June 13, 1939. p. 2.
19. ^ Rapport d'Accident Civil No. CA.134 (Avion Douglas DC.4 F.BBDE – A Bahrein le 12 Juin 1950. Ministere des Travaux Publics, des Transports et du Tourisme. 1952. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2011.
20. ^ "Cleopatra", retrieved 2021-06-14
21. ^ Keane, Sean. "Indiana Jones turns 40: Raiders of the Lost Ark villain didn't expect a legendary franchise". CNET. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
22. ^ Montgomery, Paul L. (13 June 1982). "THRONGS FILL MANHATTAN TO PROTEST NUCLEAR WEAPONS". The New York Times. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
23. ^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-81 (MD-81) N1003G Posadas Airport, MI (PSS)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-07-25.
24. ^ "Survivors from the Speicher massacre: We were 4000 unarmed soldiers fell into the hands of ISIS" (in Arabic). Buratha News Agency. 7 September 2014. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
25. ^ Nordland, Rod & Rubin, Alissa J. (2014-06-15). "Massacre Claim Shakes Iraq". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
26. ^ Tsukayama, Hayley; Berman, Mark; Markon, Jerry (June 13, 2016). "Gunman who killed 49 in Orlando nightclub had pledged allegiance to ISIS". The Washington Post. Archived June 15, 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
27. ^ Williams, Jennifer (June 12, 2018). "Read the full transcript of Trump's North Korea summit press conference". Vox. Archived May 29, 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 24, 2019.
28. ^ "Tokayev sworn in as Kazakhstan's 2nd president". Daily Sabah. 2019-06-12. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
29. ^ Sarkar, Alisha Rahaman & Sharma, Shweta (2024-06-12). "At least 45 Indians among 50 dead in fire at building housing migrant workers in Kuwait". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-06-14.
30. ^ "One survivor, 241 passengers dead on the London-bound plane". The Washington Post. June 12, 2025. Retrieved June 12, 2025.
31. ^ "London-bound Air India flight with more than 240 aboard crashes after takeoff from Ahmedabad, India". Associated Press. June 12, 2025. Retrieved June 12, 2025.
32. ^ KMAE Journal Bull. Fr. Piscic. (1944) 135 : 94–96 DOI: 10.1051/kmae:1944004
33. ^ "Janiszewski Zygmunt". Astro-Databank. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
34. ^ Reinhard Steiner (2000). Egon Schiele, 1890-1918: The Midnight Soul of the Artist. Taschen. p. 21. ISBN 9783822863275.
35. ^ Gutton, Jean Pierre (1985). Les Lyonnais dans l'Histoire (in French). Toulouse: Privat. p. 196. ISBN 978-2-70899-402-7.
36. ^ "Pioneering Women of American Architecture". Pioneering Women of American Architecture. Retrieved 2019-02-19.
37. ^ Fontani, Marco & Orna, Mary Virginia (January 2018). "Margherita Hack: Friend of the Stars". ACS Symposium Series. 1311: 295–310. doi:10.1021/bk-2018-1311.ch013. ISBN 978-0-8412-3391-1.
38. ^ "George H.W. Bush | Biography, Presidency, Accomplishments, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
39. ^ "Amadeo Carrizo - Biografía, mejores películas, series, imágenes y noticias". 15 May 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
40. ^ Lunden, Jeff (May 25, 2024). "Disney composer Richard M. Sherman has died at 95". NPR. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
41. ^ "Roy Bull". Rugby League Project. Shawn Dollin, Andrew Ferguson and Bill Bates. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
42. ^ "BBC - The Diary of Anne Frank - Anne's Timeline". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
43. ^ Shteamer, Hank (February 11, 2021). "Chick Corea, Jazz Pianist Who Expanded the Possibilities of the Genre, Dead at 79". Rolling Stone. Retrieved February 11, 2021.
44. ^ "Þingmenn: Alþingismannatal - Æviágrip þingmanna frá 1845 - Árni Steinar Jóhannsson" (in Icelandic). Reykjavík, Iceland: Althing. Archived 8 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
45. ^ Batio, Michael Angelo (June 12, 2023). "Today, June 12th, is my Birthday! I am a true Gemini. A while ago Wikipedia posted that my Birthday was Feb. 23rd! Being the Gemini I am, I thought, great, I have 2 Birthdays every year! Then I tried to change it to my real Birthdate but they said it was already documented as February 23rd! So I left it. That's the story.". Retrieved June 12, 2023.
46. ^ Williams, Alex (January 28, 2025). "Barry Michael Cooper, 'New Jack City' Screenwriter, Dies at 66". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
47. ^ "【山崎貴】「永遠の0」こだわったリアリティー 映像効果の第一人者が大事にする"重なり"" (in ja-JP). ZAKZAK. 20 December 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
48. ^ Stenning, Paul (24 November 2013). Success – By Those Who've Made It. Pg. 203. In Flight Books. ISBN 978-1628475869.
49. ^
50. ^ Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 17 May 1997. p. 5.
51. ^
52. ^ "Results". m2002.thecgf.com. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
53. ^ "Player profile: James Tomlinson". CricketArchive. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
54. ^ "James Kwalia". worldathletics.org
55. ^ Ma, Julie (12 June 2013). "Male Gaze: It's Dave Franco's Birthday". The Cut. New York. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
56. ^ "Sam Thaiday". Rugby League Project. Shawn Dollin, Andrew Ferguson and Bill Bates. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
57. ^ "'Girls Next Door' star Kendra Wilkinson says brother will give away – not Hugh Hefner". New York Daily News. 2009-02-27. Retrieved 2011-03-15.
58. ^ "FIFA World Cup South Africa 2010 List of Players". FIFA.com. p. 30. Archived from the original on 16 June 2010. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
59. ^
60. ^ "Emma ELIASSON | Ice Hockey | Sweden - Sochi 2014 Olympics". sochi2014.arch.articul.ru. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
61. ^ "Ibrahim JEILAN | Profile". www.worldathletics.org. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
62. ^
63. ^ "Avisaíl García". Major League Baseball. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
64. ^ Staff writer(s). "Biografia: O berço". Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
65. ^ Becker, Siobahn and Owen, Danielle (November 25, 2007). "Talking with...actress Allie DiMeco", Newsday, p. G26.
66. ^ "Don Toliver Songs, Albums, Reviews, Bio & More...". AllMusic. Retrieved 1 March 2025.
67. ^ "Gustav Forsling". National Hockey League. Retrieved 11 April 2024.
68. ^ "FIFA World Cup Russia 2018: List of Players: Colombia". FIFA. 15 July 2018. p. 5. Archived 11 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
69. ^ "Netball | Athlete Profile: Shonica WHARTON - Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games". results.gc2018.com. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
70. ^ "'Happy birthday to the legend roaster': Netizens flood internet with wishes for YouTuber Carry Minati". www.indiatvnews.com. 12 June 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
71. ^ "Koni De Winter". Soccerway. Retrieved 12 June 2025.
72. ^ Dek, A.W.E. (1970). Genealogie van het Vorstenhuis Nassau (in Dutch). Zaltbommel: Europese Bibliotheek. p. 66.
73. ^ "Renée of France | French duchess | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
74. ^ Kuiper, Kathleen (1995). Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature. Springfield: Merriam-Webster. p. 508. ISBN 978-0-87779-042-6.
75. ^ "Bobby Butlin: chairman of Butlins from 1968 to 1984". The Times. 10 February 2009. Archived from the original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved 1 November 2010.
76. ^ Johnson Publishing Company (23 October 1995). Jet. Johnson Publishing Company. p. 4.
77. ^ The New York Times, June 13, 1994, p. A1.
78. ^ Richard D. Lyons (16 June 1994). "Philip Vera Cruz, 89; Helped to Found Farm Worker Union". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 October 2024.
79. ^ Bryce Morrison (20 January 2001). "Michelangeli, Arturo Benedetti". doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.18592
80. ^ "سالروز درگذشت ملکه ملک‌زاده؛ باستان‌شناس و بنیاد‌گذار موزه سکه - امرداد" (in fa-IR). amordadnews.com. 12 March 1400. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
81. ^ Mel Gussow (June 17, 1999). "J. F. Powers, 81, Dies; Wrote About Priests". The New York Times
82. ^ Lipson, Eden Ross (15 June 2002). "Zena Sutherland, 86, Expert On Literature for Children". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
83. ^ "Elinor Ostrom, 2009 Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences: Indiana University". www.elinorostrom.com. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
84. ^ Utter, Jim (June 13, 2013). "NASCAR driver Jason Leffler dies after accident in dirt car event". WCNC-TV. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
85. ^ "Morre Fernando Brant, escritor e compositor mineiro - O Tempo" (in portuguese). Retrieved June 13, 2015.
86. ^ Leigh, Spencer (18 June 2018). "Jon Hiseman obituary". the Guardian. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
87. ^ Petski, Denise (2019-06-12). "Sylvia Miles Dies: 'Midnight Cowboy', 'Farewell My Lovely' Star Was 94". Deadline. Retrieved 2021-07-24.
88. ^ "Philip Baker Hall death: Magnolia and Modern Family actor dies, aged 90". The Independent. June 13, 2022. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
89. ^ Gates, Anita (June 13, 2022). "Philip Baker Hall, Character Actor in Roles of Authority, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Retrieved June 13, 2022.
90. ^ "Phil Bennett obituary". the Guardian. 2022-06-14. Retrieved 2022-06-16.
91. ^ "Berlusconi: Comeback king who led Italy four times". BBC News. 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
92. ^ "Comedian Francesco Nuti dies". ANSA. 12 June 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
93. ^ "John Romita Sr., Legendary Marvel Artist, Dies at 93". The Hollywood Reporter. 13 June 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
94. ^ "Treat Williams, 'Blue Bloods' actor, dead at 71 following vehicular collision in Vermont". FoxNews.com. 12 June 2023.
95. ^ "William Donaldson, SEC chief who bolstered watchdog powers, dies at 93". Washington Post. 2024-06-14. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
96. ^ "Neil Goldschmidt, former governor forever tainted by sexual abuse of young girl, dies". The Oregonian. June 12, 2024. Archived June 13, 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved June 12, 2024.
97. ^ Weber, Bruce (2024-06-12). "Jerry West, One of Basketball's Greatest Players, Dies at 86". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
98. ^ Martyrologium Romanum (2004). Vatican City: Administrationem Patrimonii Sedis Apostolicae in Civitate Vaticana. 2004. pp. 334–335. Retrieved 27 May 2026.
99. ^ "National days" (in en-NZ). New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
100. ^ "Dispelling the myths of Women Veterans Recognition Day". VA News. 8 June 2022. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
101. ^ United Nations (6 January 2015). "International Days". United Nations. Retrieved 2 January 2021.

External links

• "On This Day". BBC.
• "Historical Events on June 12". OnThisDay.com.