{{Short description|Swedish physician and feminist (1919–2002)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}} {{Infobox medical person | name = | image = Julia Kinberg.jpg | caption = | birth_name = Julia Rosenbaum | birth_date = 1 April 1874 | birth_place = Haparanda | death_date = {{death date and age|17 June 1945|1 April 1874|df=yes}} | death_place = Holm, Sweden | profession = Physician | specialism = Pediatrics | research_field = | known_for = | years_active = 1900s–1945 | education = Uppsala University | work_institutions = Uppsala University Hospital | awards = Illis quorum | spouse = {{ubl|Olof Kinberg|Axel von Sneidern}} | children = | relations = }} '''Julia Kinberg''' (née: Rosenbaum; 1874–1945) was a Swedish physician and feminist who is known for her involvement in the establishment of a feminist organization ''Frisinnade Kvinnor''.
==Early life and education== She was born in Haparanda on 1 April 1874 into a bourgeois family.<ref name=riks/><ref name=merle18/> She received a degree in medicine in Uppsala in 1907.<ref name=nyaidun>{{cite web|title=Julia von Sneidern|website=nyaidun.se|date=15 February 2016|url=http://nyaidun.se/1094-2/|language=sv|access-date=13 September 2023}}</ref>
==Career and activities== She was an assistant at Uppsala University's medical and pediatric outpatient clinic between 1904 and 1905.<ref name=nyaidun/> Following her graduation she served as a paediatrician and a physician in Stockholm.<ref name=riks/> She worked at Stockholm schools as a physician from 1912.<ref name=nyaidun/> She and another physician Ada Nilsson established a feminist organization ''Frisinnade Kvinnor'' which supported the eugenic feminism.<ref name=merle18/> Kinberg and Karolina Widerström involved in many activities concerning the women-related topics such as prostitution, abortion and the contraception.<ref name=merle18/>
Kinberg was a member of the board of the State Educational Institution for Mentally Retarded Girls in Vänersborg from 1922 to 1944 and the chairman of the Mother's Aid Board in Älvsborg County Council from 1937 to 1941.<ref name=nyaidun/> She was also active in charities, the Red Cross and the Fredrika Bremer Association. During the World War II she contributed to the activities for Jewish refugees.<ref name=riks/>
===Books=== Kinberg authored two books: ''Handledning i sexuell undervisning och uppfostran'' (1924; {{langx|sv|Tutoring in Sexual Education and Enlightenment}}] which she cowrote with Alma Sundquist and ''Sexuell etik'' (1931; {{langx|sv|Sexual Ethics}}).<ref name=merle18/><ref>{{cite web|title=Sexuell etik av Julia von Sneidern|website=LIBRIS|url=https://libris.kb.se/bib/1368050|language=sv|access-date=13 September 2023}}</ref> The former book presented an alternative view about the mother–child-father relationship in contrast to the Freudian view<ref name=lind18>{{cite journal|author=Anne-Li Lindgren|title=Towards an ethics of sexuality – alternative feminist figurations and a (boy) child: a close reading of a prize-winning sex education manual from the early twentieth century|journal=Gender and Education|volume=31|doi=10.1080/09540253.2018.1440282 |pages=775,778|issue=6|year=2018|doi-access=free}}</ref> and defended the idea that sexual hygiene was part public health.<ref name=merle18/>
She also translated German psychiatrist Gustav Aschaffenburg's book entitled ''Das Verbrechen und seine Bekämpfung'' ({{langx|de|The Commission of Crime and its Control}}) into Swedish with her first husband Olof Kinberg.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Contributors|journal=Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology|volume=2|issue=6|year=1912|jstor=1132803|page=2}}</ref>
==Personal life and death== She married psychiatrist Olof Kinberg in 1898, and they divorced in 1915.<ref name=riks/> During this period she began to use her husband's surname.<ref name=merle18/> She married Axel von Sneidern in 1917, and since then she was known as Julia Kinberg von Sneidern.<ref name=merle18>{{cite thesis|author=Merle Weßel|title=An Unholy Union?: Eugenic Feminism in the Nordic Countries, ca. 1890-1940|location=University of Helsinki|url=http://hdl.handle.net/10138/233107|pages=37-38,139|degree=PhD|year=2018|hdl=10138/233107}}</ref> She had children.<ref name=lind18/>
Kinberg died in Holm on 17 June 1945.<ref name=riks>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Julia Sneidern, von|via=Riksarkivet|language=sv|author=Ulrika Nilsson|url=https://sok.riksarkivet.se/sbl/mobil/Artikel/6088|encyclopedia=Svenskt biografiskt lexikon}}</ref>
===Awards=== Kinberg was awarded Illis quorum in 1934.<ref name=nyaidun/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kinberg, Julia}} Category:20th-century Swedish medical doctors Category:20th-century Swedish women writers Category:1874 births Category:1945 deaths Category:Swedish women's rights activists Category:Swedish women medical doctors Category:People from Haparanda Municipality Category:Recipients of the Illis quorum Category:Uppsala University alumni