{{Short description|French painter (1836–1911)}} {{for|the Canadian snowboarder|Jules Lefebvre (snowboarder)}} {{Expand French|topic=bio|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox person | name = Jules Joseph Lefebvre | image = Picture of Jules Joseph Lefebvre.jpg | alt = A photo of Lefebvre taken no later than 1903 | caption = A photo of Lefebvre taken no later than 1903 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1836|03|14|df=y}}<ref name=AR>{{cite web|url=http://www.artrenewal.org/pages/artist.php?artistid=188|title=Art Renewal Center Museum™ Artist Information for Jules Joseph Lefebvre|work=Art Renewal Center}}</ref> | birth_place = Tournan-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne, France | death_date = {{Death date and age|1911|02|24|1836|03|14|df=y}}<ref name=AR /><ref name=EVNW1911>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120032725 |title=A One-Picture Painter|newspaper=Evening News|issue=13,776|location=New South Wales, Australia|date=3 August 1911|access-date=6 March 2017|page=6|via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> | death_place = Paris, France <!--wife = ? Married the sister of the women from the ''Chloé'' painting<ref>Chlo%C3%A9 (artwork)#The model</ref><ref>"''Chloe'' – Queen of the Bar Room Wall." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Accessed 18 March 2014.<http://news.bbc.co.uk/dna/place-lancashire/plain/A950159>.</ref> -->| other_names = Jules Lefebvre<ref name=EVNW1911 /> | occupation = Painter | signature = Jules-Joseph Lefebvre signature.png }}
'''Jules Joseph Lefebvre''' ({{IPA|fr|ʒyl ʒozɛf ləfɛvʁ|lang}}; 14 March 1836{{spaced ndash}}24 February 1911) was a French painter, educator and theorist.
==Early life== thumb|left|Jules Lefebvre in his studio
Lefebvre was born in Tournan-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne, on 14 March 1836.<ref name=AR /> He entered the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in 1852 and was a pupil of Léon Cogniet.
==Career== He won the prestigious Prix de Rome with his ''The Death of Priam'' in 1861. Between 1855 and 1898, he exhibited 72 portraits in the Paris Salon. Many of his paintings are single figures of beautiful women. Among the portraits of his considered the best were those of M. L. Reynaud and the Prince Imperial (1874).<ref name="Oxford" /> In 1891, he became a member of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts.
He was professor at the Académie Julian in Paris.<ref name="ARLVAF">{{Cite book|title=Artistic Relations: Literature and the Visual Arts in Nineteenth-century France|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b6BgRGJO3KYC|first1=Peter|last1=Collier|first2=Robert|last2=Lethbridge|publisher=Yale University Press|location=London|year=1994|page=50|isbn=9780300060096}}</ref> Lefebvre is chiefly important as an excellent and sympathetic teacher who numbered many Americans among his 1500 or more pupils. Among his famous students were Fernand Khnopff, Kenyon Cox,<ref name="Oxford">Oxford Art Online, "Lefebvre, Jules"</ref> Félix Vallotton, Ernst Friedrich von Liphart,<ref>[http://www.rusartnet.com/biographies/russian-artists/19th-century/late-19th-century/baron-ernst-friedrich-von-liphart Baron Ernst Friedrich von Liphart], Late 19th Century – 19th Century – Russian Artists – Biographies – RusArtNet.com</ref> Georges Rochegrosse,<ref>Waller, S. (ed.), ''Foreign Artists and Communities in Modern Paris, 1870–1914: Strangers in Paradise,'' Routledge, 2017, p. 119</ref> the Scottish-born landscape painter William Hart, Walter Lofthouse Dean, and Edmund C. Tarbell, who became an American Impressionist painter.<ref>Kathleen Luhrs, ''American Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art'', 1980: "... on to Paris and studied for a year at the Académie Julian under Gustave Boulanger and Jules Lefebvre."</ref> Another pupil was the miniaturist Alice Beckington<ref>{{cite book|author-link1=Carrie Rebora Barratt|author1=Carrie Rebora Barratt|author2=Lori Zabar|title=American Portrait Miniatures in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YHKoX40qL7EC&pg=PA244|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=978-1-58839-357-9|pages=244–}}</ref> as was Laura Leroux-Revault, the daughter of his friend Louis Hector Leroux.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ULAN Full Record Display (Getty Research) |url=https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=photoengraver,+photographer,+photographers,+photography+studio,+photogravurist,+photojournalist,+photolithographer,+photomontagist&nation=Brazilian&page=1&subjectid=500066323 |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=www.getty.edu}}</ref> Jules Benoit-Lévy entered his workshop at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts.<ref>[http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00016557 "Benoit-Lévy, Jules (1866–1925), Painter, draughtsman, illustrator"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015182438/https://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00016557 |date=2019-10-15 }}, ''Benezit Dictionary of Artists''</ref>
thumb|Grave of Jules Lefebvre, Montmartre Cemetery, Paris. [[File:Jules Joseph Lefebvre - El Dolor de María Magdalena.jpg|thumb|''The Sorrow of Mary Magdalene'']]
Lefebvre died in Paris on 24 February 1911 and was buried in the Montmartre Cemetery with a bas-relief depiction of his painting ''La Vérité'' on his grave.<ref name="AR" /><ref name="EVNW1911" />
==Significant milestones==
*1853 Student at the École des Beaux-Arts *1859 Second place Prix de Rome *1861 His ''Death of Priam'' wins the Prix de Rome *1870 Académie Julian<ref name="ARLVAF"/> professor *1870 Légion d'honneur, Officer, named Commander from 1898 *1891 Member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts
==Selected works== [[File:Jules-Joseph Lefebvre, Graziella, The Metropolitan Museum of Art.jpg|thumb|''Graziella'', 1878 (depicting the protagonist of Alphonse de Lamartine's 1852 novel ''Graziella'')|alt=Oil painting of a young woman in a long, flow dress, sitting on a rock by a cliff and looking wistfully out to sea. Her right wrist has a manacle on it, and her hands play with a long length of chain beside her.]]
*1861 ''The Death of Priam'' (won the Prix de Rome), École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris *1861 ''Diva Vittoria Colonna'' *1863 ''Boy Painting a Tragic Mask'' *1864 ''Roman Charity'' *1865 ''Portrait d'Antonio, modèle italien'' *1866 ''Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi'' *1868 ''Reclining Nude'', Musée d'Orsay *1869 ''Le Réveil de Diane'' *1869 ''Portrait of Alexandre Dumas'' *1870 ''La Vérité'' (The Truth), Musée d'Orsay *1870s ''Jeune femme à la mandoline'' (Girl with a Mandolin) *1870 ''Portrait du Prince Impérial'' *1872 ''Pandora'' *1872 ''La Cigale'', National Gallery of Victoria (Exhibited Salon, Paris, 1872, no. 970; collection of Milton Latham (1827–82), San Francisco, before 1878; by whom sold, New York, 1879; collection of Daniel Catlin, St Louis, Missouri, 1879–1893; by whom gifted to the St Louis Museum of Fine Arts, 1893–1945; deaccessioned and sold, c. 1945; collection of Julian Sterling, Melbourne, by 1984–2005; from whom purchased for the Felton Bequest, 2005.) *1874 ''Odalisque'' *1874 ''Slave Carrying Fruit'' (Ghent Museum) *1874 ''Portrait of Eugène Louis Napoléon Bonaparte'' *1875 ''Chloé'', Young and Jackson Hotel, Melbourne *1876 ''Mary Magdalene in the Cave'', Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg *1877 ''Pandora'' *1878 ''Mignon'', Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York *1878 ''Graziella'', Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York *1879 ''Diana'' *1879 ''Diana Surprised'', Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires *1880 ''Portrait of Julia Foster Ward'', Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg, FL *1880 ''Housemaid'', Pera Museum, Istanbul *1881 ''La Fiametta'' from Giovanni Boccaccio *1881 ''Ondine'',<ref>https://en.mng.hu/artworks/ondine/</ref> Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kovacs|first=Anna Zsófia|date=2015–2016|title=L'Ondine de Jules Lefebvre : un nu académique français dans les collections du musée des Beaux-Arts|journal=Bulletin du musée hongrois des Beaux-Arts|volume=120-121|pages=147–164}}</ref> *1882 ''Pandora'' (II) *1882 ''Japonaise'' (A Japanese woman) *1883 ''Psyché'' *1884 ''The Feathered Fan'' *1884 ''Portrait of Edna Barger'', private collection *1890 ''Lady Godiva'' *1890 ''Ophelia'' *1892 ''A Daughter of Eve'' *1892 ''Judith'' *1896 ''Portrait of a Lady'' (II) *1898 ''Amor beim Schärfen seiner Pfeile'' (Love sharpening its arrows) *1901 ''Alexander Agassiz'' *1901 ''Yvonne'' (formerly Musée du Luxembourg), Portrait of Lefebvre's daughter
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<gallery widths="200" heights="200"> File:Clemence Isaure.jpg|alt=Oil painting of a woman from the torso up, facing left. She wears a golden laurel wreath in her long, flowing hair, and holds a scroll and sprig of yellow flowers in her left hand.|''Clémence Isaure'' File:JULES LEFEBVRE - La Cigale (National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, 1872. Óleo sobre lienzo, 186.7 x 123.8 cm).jpg|''The Grasshopper'', 1872 File:1879 Jules Joseph Lefebvre - Diana surprised.jpg|''Diana Surprised'', 1879 File:Lady godiva full.jpg|alt=Oil painting of a naked woman on a horse being lead by a woman in servant's clothing along a street lined with tall, Tudor style buildings. The street is otherwise deserted, except for three doves which fly near the women.|''Lady Godiva'', 1890 File:La Vérité, par Jules Joseph Lefebvre.jpg|alt=Oil painting of a naked woman standing, facing the viewers. Her right hand extends above her head, holding a golden mirror, her left hand seems to be holding a stick or staff, and her right leg is bent, shifting weight onto her left hip.|''La Vérité'', 1870 File:Jules Lefèvre Vittoria Colonna.jpg|alt=Oil painting of a woman with long hair and a puffy white dress looking pensively at the viewers. She wears a golden laurel wreath and a gold pendant with a long chain around her neck.|''Vittoria Colonna'', 1861 File:Odalisque by Jules Lefebvre (1874).jpg|''Odalisque'', 1874 File:Psyché by Jules-Joseph Lefebvre.jpg|''Psyché'', 1883. File:Vestale endormie by Jules-Joseph Lefebvre.jpg|''Sleeping vestal virgin'', 1902 File:Lefebvre, Jules Joseph — Sappho — 1884.jpg|''Sappho'' 1884 </gallery>
==Undated works== <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦---> *''Clémence Isaure'' *''Fleurs des Champs'' *''L'Amour Blessé'' (Wounded Love) *''La Fiancée'' *''Mediterranean Beauty'' *''Nymph with Morning Glory Flowers'' *''Portrait of a Lady'' *''Portrait of a Woman'' *''Woman with an Orange'' *''Young Woman with Morning Glories in Her Hair''
==See also== *Samantha Littlefield Huntley, one of his students *Angèle Delasalle, a student at Académie Julian
==References== <references />
==External links== {{Commons category|Jules Joseph Lefebvre}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20091024224727/http://www.theartwerx.org/lefebvre.html TheARTwerx – Lefebvre Gallery]: Comprehensive archive of 141 images *[http://www.jules-joseph-lefebvre.org Jules-Joseph-Lefebvre.org]: 42 images by Jules Joseph Lefebvre *[http://www.artrenewal.org/pages/artist.php?artistid=188 Art Renewal Centre – Lefebvre Gallery] *[http://www.paintingiant.com/jules-joseph-lefebvre/ Jules Joseph Lefebvre], paintingiant.com
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lefebvre, Jules Joseph}} Category:1836 births Category:1911 deaths Category:People from Tournan-en-Brie Category:19th-century French painters Category:French male painters Category:20th-century French painters Category:20th-century French male artists Category:Academic artists Category:Academic staff of the Académie Julian Category:Prix de Rome for painting Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour Category:Officiers of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques Category:Burials at Montmartre Cemetery Category:19th-century French male artists