{{short description|Submarine-launched ballistic missile}} {{Infobox weapon |name= Julang-3 (JL-3) | image= Jin_(Type_094)_Class_Ballistic_Missile_Submarine.JPG | image_size = |caption= Jin (type 94) class ballistic missile submarine |origin= People's Republic of China |type= SLBM
<!-- Type selection --> |is_missile= yes |is_UK= <!-- Service history --> |service=2022 |used_by=People's Liberation Army Navy |wars= <!-- Production history --> |designer= |design_date= |manufacturer= |unit_cost= |production_date= |number= |variants= <!-- General specifications --> |spec_label= |weight= |length= |part_length= |width= |height= |diameter= |crew= <!-- Explosive specifications --> |filling= |filling_weight= |detonation= |yield=3 MT<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.wionews.com/india-news/india-s-answer-to-china-s-jl-3-k-6-hypersonic-missile-faster-deadlier-and-stealthier-1750998943852|title=India's answer to China's JL 3: Know all about the faster, deadlier and stealthier K-6 hypersonic missile| first=Kushal | last = Deb | date=27 June 2025 |website=WION |access-date = May 17, 2026}}</ref>{{better source needed |date=May 2026}} <!-- Vehicle/missile specifications --> |armour= |primary_armament= |secondary_armament= |engine= |engine_power= |pw_ratio= |transmission= |payload_capacity= |suspension= |clearance= |wingspan= |propellant=Solid-fuel rocket |fuel_capacity= |vehicle_range=>{{convert|9000|km|mi|abbr=on}} |ceiling= |altitude= |depth= |boost= |speed= |guidance=Astro-inertial with Beidou |steering= |accuracy= |launch_platform=Type 094 submarine |transport= }}
The '''JL-3''' ({{zh|c=巨浪-3|p=Jù Làng Sān|l=Giant Wave 3}}; NATO reporting name: '''CSS-NX-20'''<ref name="us_dod_2022"/>) is a Chinese third-generation intercontinental-range submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM). It may arm the Type 094 submarine and is expected to arm the future Type 096.<ref name="us_dod_2022">{{Cite report |author=United States Department of Defense |author-link=United States Department of Defense |date=29 November 2022 |title=Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2022 |url=https://media.defense.gov/2022/Nov/29/2003122279/-1/-1/1/2022-MILITARY-AND-SECURITY-DEVELOPMENTS-INVOLVING-THE-PEOPLES-REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA.PDF |page=96 |access-date=7 May 2023}}</ref>
==History== The first test flight occurred on 24 November 2018 in the Bohai Sea; it was likely a test of the launch tube's cold-launch ejection system.<ref name="shaikh_2018-12-21"/> According to anonymous Chinese sources, the Type 032 submarine made the first three test launches, with a Type 094 making the fourth in December 2019.<ref name="SCMP_JL3">{{cite news |title=China nuclear missile development steps up a gear with test of weapon capable of hitting US mainland |newspaper=South China Morning Post |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3044674/china-nuclear-missile-development-steps-gear-test-weapon |date=January 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200109014323/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/military/article/3044674/china-nuclear-missile-development-steps-gear-test-weapon |archive-date=January 9, 2020 |first=Minnie |last=Chan}}</ref>
In 2020, anonymous Chinese sources reported that development of the JL-3 and Type 096 had been decoupled to speed up missile development, and that it would take at least five years to integrate the missile with the submarine.<ref name="SCMP_JL3"/>
By 2022, the Type 094 may have been rearmed with the JL-3.<ref name="us_dod_2022">{{Cite report |author=United States Department of Defense |author-link=United States Department of Defense |date=29 November 2022 |title=Annual Report To Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China 2022 |url=https://media.defense.gov/2022/Nov/29/2003122279/-1/-1/1/2022-MILITARY-AND-SECURITY-DEVELOPMENTS-INVOLVING-THE-PEOPLES-REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA.PDF |page=96 |access-date=7 May 2023}}</ref>{{sfn|Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China|2024|p=104}}
The missile officially debuted at the 2025 China Victory Day Parade.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/china-unveils-new-nuclear-missiles-global-coverage-2123624 |title=China Unveils New Nuclear Missiles for 'Global' Reach |website=Newsweek |date=3 September 2025 |first=Ryan |last=Chan }}</ref>
==Description== The JL-3 is reported as a solid-fueled missile with ranges of over {{convert|9000|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="shaikh_2018-12-21">{{cite web |last1=Shaikh |first1=Shaan |url=https://missilethreat.csis.org/china-flight-tests-new-jl-3-slbm/ |title=China Flight Tests New JL-3 SLBM |website=Missile Threat |publisher=Center for Strategic and International Studies |date=21 December 2018 |access-date=29 December 2018}}</ref> or {{convert|5400|nmi|km|abbr=on}},{{sfn|Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China|2024|p=56}} capable of reaching parts of contiguous United States when launched from China's coastal waters.<ref name=":0" />
The Center for Strategic and International Studies reports the likely payload to be three MIRV nuclear warheads.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.csis.org/analysis/how-china-modernizing-its-nuclear-forces |title=How is China Modernizing its Nuclear Forces? |website=Center for Strategic and International Studies |date=10 December 2019 |access-date=7 May 2023}}</ref>
== See also ==
== References == {{reflist}}
== Sources == * {{Cite book |title=Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China |date=2024|url=https://media.defense.gov/2024/Dec/18/2003615520/-1/-1/0/MILITARY-AND-SECURITY-DEVELOPMENTS-INVOLVING-THE-PEOPLES-REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA-2024.PDF |publisher=United States Department of Defense |location=Arlington, VA |ref={{sfnref|Military and Security Developments Involving the People's Republic of China|2024}} }}
{{Chinese missiles}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jl-3}} Category:Submarine-launched ballistic missiles of China Category:Nuclear missiles of China