Juan Esteban Pedernera

{{short description|3rd President of the Argentine Confederation}} {{Infobox officeholder | image = JEPedernera.jpg | office = President of Argentina | order = 5th | vice_president1 = Vacant | term_start = November 5, 1861 | term_end = December 12, 1861 | predecessor = [[Santiago Derqui]] | successor = [[Bartolomé Mitre]] | office2 = Vice President of Argentina | order2 = 2nd | term_start2 = March 5, 1860 | term_end2 = November 5, 1861 | president2 = Santiago Derqui | predecessor2 = [[Salvador María del Carril]] | successor2 = [[Marcos Paz]] | birth_date = {{birth date|1796|12|25}} | birth_place = [[San José del Morro]], [[San Luis Province]], [[Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata]] | death_date = {{death date and age|1886|2|1|1796|12|25}} | death_place = [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentina]] | profession = [[Military]] | vice_president = | relations = Juan Esteban (''father'')<br>Dominga Pedernera (''mother'') | spouse = Rosa Juana Heredia }} '''Juan Esteban Pedernera''' (December 25, 1796 – February 1, 1886) was interim [[President of Argentina]] during a brief period in 1861.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/71695/juan-esteban-pedernera|title=Juan Esteban Pedernera | Real Academia de la Historia|website=dbe.rah.es}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Vida de un héroe. Biografía del Brigadier General Juan Esteban Pedernera|last=Veláquez|first=Luis|place=Buenos Aires|year=1958|publisher=Ediciones Peuser. Colección Grandes Biografías|pages=524}}</ref>

Born in 1796 in [[San Luis Province]], he studied in a [[Franciscan]] [[monastery]] when young, and left his studies to join the [[Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers (Argentina)|Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers]] being summoned by [[José de San Martín]] to fight in the [[Argentine War of Independence|War of Independence]] against [[Spanish Empire|Spanish rule]]. In 1815, he fought in the Battles of [[Battle of Chacabuco|Chacabuco]] and [[Battle of Maipú]], in [[Chile]]; and then in the campaign to liberate [[Peru]]. He was imprisoned by the Spanish during the former campaign in [[Chiloé Island]], but managed to escape and rejoin his army.

Lieutenant-general Juan Esteban Pedernera married the former Rosa Juana Heredia in [[Callao]] on September 23, 1823; she was born in Perú, in 1805, and died in Buenos Aires, on August 26, 1886.

In 1826 engaged again in [[military]] activity, this time in the [[Cisplatine War]]. In the [[Argentine Civil War]], he joined the [[Unitarian Party|Unitarian]] side, under the command of General [[José María Paz]], and fought in [[Battle of La Tablada|La Tablada]] against [[Federalist Party (Argentina)|federalist]] forces. After a long time in exile, he returned to the country after the [[Battle of Caseros|fall of the Rosas' regime]], and acted as [[Argentine Senate|Senator]] for [[San Luis Province]]. In 1856, he was designated commander of the frontier armed forces, and in 1859 he was elected [[Governor of San Luis]], and fought at the [[Battle of Cepeda (1859)|Battle of Cepeda]] that same year.

He then was elected [[Vice President of Argentina|Vice-President]] to [[President of Argentina|President]] of the [[Argentine Confederation]] [[Santiago Derqui]], and served from 1860 until 1861, when Derqui resigned after the [[Battle of Pavón]]. Pedernera then acted as President until the political situation forced the dissolution of the office. In 1882 he was designated Lieutenant General of the Armies of the Republic.

==See also== *[[Argentine War of Independence]] *[[Argentine Confederation]] *[[Battle of Caseros]]

==References== {{reflist}}

{{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{succession box | before = [[Salvador María del Carril]] | title = [[Vice President of Argentina]]| years = 1860-1861 | after = [[Marcos Paz]]}} {{succession box | before = [[Santiago Derqui]] | title = [[President of Argentina]]| years = 1861 | after = [[Bartolomé Mitre]]}} {{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pedernera, Juan Esteban}} [[Category:1796 births]] [[Category:1886 deaths]] [[Category:19th-century presidents of Argentina]] [[Category:People from San Luis Province]] [[Category:Argentine generals]] [[Category:Vice presidents of Argentina]] [[Category:Members of the Argentine Senate for San Luis]] [[Category:Governors of San Luis Province]] [[Category:Burials at La Recoleta Cemetery]] [[Category:People from the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata]]