Joyeuse marche

{{Italic title}} upright|alt=musical score with brightly illustrated cover|thumb|1890 edition of ''Joyeuse marche'' '''''Joyeuse marche''''' is a popular orchestra piece by the French composer Emmanuel Chabrier. It is the second half of a pair of orchestral pieces (the other was ''Prélude pastoral'') first performed on 4 November 1888 in Angers, conducted by the composer. The ''Joyeuse marche'' is dedicated to Vincent d'Indy.<ref name=Delage>Delage R. ''Emmanuel Chabrier''. Fayard, Paris, 1999.</ref>

==Background== The march went through several versions before arriving at the popular orchestral version known today.

In September 1888 Chabrier wrote to his publisher that he would be orchestrating six piano pieces: four pieces from his piano suite ''Pièces pittoresques'' (which would become his ''Suite pastorale''), as well as ''La marche française'' and the ''Andante in F''.<ref name=Delage/> Delage proposes that the ''Andante'' was originally performed in 1875 at the Cercle de l'Union artistique in Paris, with Jules Danbé conducting his orchestra. However, the pieces are also related to Chabrier's ''Prélude et marche française'' for piano 4-hands, completed by May 1885, the ''Andante'' having by then become a ''Prélude''.<ref name=Delage/>

The concert at which the premiere of the ''Prélude pastoral'' and ''Joyeuse marche'' took place also included the first performance of Chabrier's ''Suite pastorale'' and ''Habañera'', ''España'' (all conducted by the composer), plus Rossini's ''William Tell Overture'', Mozart's Divertimento No. 2 for two horns and strings and the Adagietto from Bizet's ''L'Arlésienne''.<ref name=Delage/>

By the time of the Paris premiere in April 1889, the title had changed to ''Marche joyeuse''. The piece was again enthusiastically received.<ref>Myers R. ''Emmanuel Chabrier and his circle''. John Dent & Sons, London, 1969.</ref>

The final version of the work's title was reached at a Lamoureux concert on 16 February 1890, when the march became the ''Joyeuse marche''. However, the ''Prélude'' then disappeared until it surfaced among autographs belonging to Robert Brussel in 1943.<ref name=Delage/> The ''Joyeuse marche'' became particularly popular, and was also played in a piano duet version.

The tempo marking for the march is 'Tempo di marcia molto risoluto e giocoso'.

==Keyboard versions== *''Prélude et marche française'' for piano 4-hands, completed by May 1885<ref>First performed on a 1999 Arion recording by Alexandre Tharaud and Aleksandar Madzar. The Morgan Library & Museum also has a manuscript of a 'Rondo' "which later became the Marche joyeuse".</ref> *''Joyeuse marche'' for piano, four-hands - 1889<ref>First performed on 19 March 1892 by Vincent d'Indy and Ernest Chausson.</ref> *Transcriptions of ''Joyeuse marche'' for piano, four-hands for piano (1890) and for two pianos (1891) by Ernest Alder<ref name=Delage/>

==Instrumentation== Strings; 2 flutes, 1 piccolo, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets in B flat, 4 bassoons; 4 horns in F,<ref>Norman Del Mar notes that Chabrier frequently asks the horns to play ''bells up'': "there is no substitute for the sheer riotous hilarity of Chabrier’s ''Joyeuse Marche''...". Del Mar N. ''Anatomy of the Orchestra''. Faber & Faber, London, 1981.</ref> 2 cornets à piston, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba; timpani, percussion (bass drum, cymbals, side drum, triangle); harp.

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Compositions by Emmanuel Chabrier Category:March music Category:Orchestral marches Category:Compositions for piano four-hands Category:1888 compositions