{{Short description|American judge (1920–2008)}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = | name = Joseph Tyree Sneed III | office = Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | term_start = July 21, 1987 | term_end = February 9, 2008 | office1 = Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit | term_start1 = August 24, 1973 | term_end1 = July 21, 1987 | nominator1 = | appointer1 = Richard Nixon | predecessor1 = Frederick George Hamley | successor1 = Stephen S. Trott | office2 = 12th United States Deputy Attorney General | term_start2 = February 1973 | term_end2 = July 9, 1973 | president2 = Richard Nixon | predecessor2 = Ralph E. Erickson | successor2 = William Ruckelshaus | pronunciation = | birth_name = Joseph Tyree Sneed III | birth_date = {{Birth date|1920|07|21}} | birth_place = Calvert, Texas, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2008|02|09|1920|07|21}} | death_place = San Francisco, California, U.S. | party = Republican | spouse = Madelon Sneed | children = 3, including Carly Fiorina | relatives = Joseph P. Sneed (great-great-grandfather) | education = {{nowrap|Southwestern University (BBA)}}<br>University of Texas at Austin (LLB)<br>Harvard University (SJD) }} '''Joseph Tyree Sneed III''' (July 21, 1920 – February 9, 2008) was an American jurist who served as United States Deputy Attorney General and then as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit for nearly 35 years until his death. He was the father of Carly Fiorina, a former CEO of Hewlett-Packard.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Horowitz |first=Jason |date=2015-11-26 |title=For Carly Fiorina, Peripatetic Childhood Helped Build Worldview |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/27/us/politics/carly-fiorina-presidential-election.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-02-16 |title=Joseph Sneed, judge, father of Carly Fiorina |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2008/02/15/joseph-sneed-judge-father-of-carly-fiorina/ |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>
==Early life and education==
Joseph Tyree Sneed III was born on July 21, 1920, in Calvert, Texas.<ref name="latimesobit">{{cite news|last1=Stewart|first1=Jocelyn Y.|title=Senior judge on U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, former law school professor|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-feb-15-me-sneed15-story.html|access-date=February 9, 2016|work=The Los Angeles Times|date=February 15, 2008}}</ref><ref name="sfgateobit">{{cite news|last1=Egelko|first1=Bob|title=Joseph Sneed dies - longtime 9th Circuit judge|url=http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Joseph-Sneed-dies-longtime-9th-Circuit-judge-3226653.php|accessdate=February 9, 2016|work=The San Francisco Chronicle|date=February 14, 2008}}</ref> He was the son of Cara Carlton (Weber) and Harold Marvin Sneed (January 6, 1883 – Dec 27, 1934), a rancher and landowner.<ref name="latimesobit"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-XEbAQAAMAAJ&q=%22HAROLD+MARVIN+SNEED%22|title=Descendants of Nicholas Perkins of Virginia|work=google.ca|last1=Hall|first1=William Kearney|year=1958}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YNJFAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Born+Calvert+Texas+July+21,+1920+to+Harold+Marvin+and+Cara+Weber+Sneed.%22|title=The American Bench|work=google.ca|year=1989|publisher=Reginald Bishop Forster & Associates |isbn=978-0-931398-19-3}}</ref> Joseph P. Sneed is his great-great-grandfather. He spent his youth working summers as a cowboy on his uncle's ranch in the Texas Panhandle.<ref name="sfgateobit"/>
Sneed received his Bachelor of Business Administration degree from Southwestern University in 1941.<ref name="latimesobit"/> He served as a staff sergeant in the Army Air Corps during World War II.<ref name="latimesobit"/> Sneed attended the University of Texas School of Law, where he received his Bachelor of Laws, Order of the Coif in 1947.<ref name="latimesobit"/><ref name="sfgateobit"/> He was also a visiting student at the London School of Economics and the University of Ghana.<ref name="sfgateobit"/> He subsequently received a Doctor of Juridical Science from Harvard Law School in 1958.<ref name="latimesobit"/>
==Career==
===Academia===
Sneed was an assistant professor of law at the University of Texas School of Law from 1947 to 1951.<ref name="latimesobit"/> He became an associate professor in 1951 and was made a full professor in 1954. He taught at the University of Texas until 1957.<ref name="latimesobit"/>
Sneed was a professor of law at Cornell Law School from 1957 to 1962, followed by the Stanford Law School from 1962 to 1971.<ref name="latimesobit"/> He was professor of law and dean of the Duke University School of Law from 1971 to 1973.<ref name="latimesobit"/><ref name="sfgateobit"/><ref>{{cite web | url=https://web.law.duke.edu/history/deans/ | title=Law School Deans | Duke University School of Law }}</ref>
===Judicial service===
Sneed was nominated by President Richard Nixon to a seat vacated (formerly occupied) by Judge Frederick George Hamley on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit on July 25, 1973.<ref name="latimesobit"/><ref name="sfgateobit"/> He was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 3, 1973, and received his judicial commission on August 24, 1973. He assumed senior status on July 21, 1987.<ref>{{FJC Bio|nid=1388046|inline=yes}}</ref>
Sneed was part of a three-judge panel that replaced Whitewater special prosecutor Robert B. Fiske with Kenneth Starr in 1994.<ref name="sfgateobit"/><ref name="bloombergiscarlyachipoff">{{cite news|title=Is Carly Fiorina a Chip Off the Old Block?|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2015-05-04/is-carly-fiorina-a-chip-off-the-old-block-|accessdate=February 9, 2016|work=Bloomberg Politics|date=May 4, 2015}}</ref>
==Personal life==
Sneed married Madelon Montross Juergens in 1944.<ref name="latimesobit"/> She was a portrait and abstract artist who died in 1998.<ref name="sfgateobit"/> Together they had a son and two daughters, including Carly Fiorina, another daughter, Clara; a son, Joseph T. Sneed IV; and two grandsons, Sam Tyree Berzon and Joseph T. Sneed V. His wife died in 1998.<ref name="latimesobit"/> They resided in San Francisco, California.<ref name="sfgateobit"/>
==Death==
Sneed died on February 9, 2008, in San Francisco at the age of 87.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Court of Appeals Mourns Loss of Senior Circuit Judge Joseph T. Sneed | date=2008-02-13 | url=https://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/general/2008/02/12/COAJudgeSneedPassing.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925061029/http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/general/2008/02/12/COAJudgeSneedPassing.pdf | archive-date=2015-09-25}}</ref><ref name="latimesobit"/><ref name="sfgateobit"/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Sources== * {{FJC Bio|2234|nid=1388046|name=Joseph Tyree Sneed III<!--(1920–2008)-->}}
==External links== *{{FJC Bio|nid=1388046}} * [https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/24/us/court-curbs-wall-street-journal-in-fight-on-whitewater-report.html ''New York Times'' coverage of Whitewater] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110716021916/http://www.netmagic.net/~franklin/JA1.html www.netmagic.net] * [http://www.iraqtimeline.com/1994/1994jun.html Iraq Timeline (1994)] *{{C-SPAN|50943}}
{{s-start}} {{s-aca}} {{s-bef|before=A. Kenneth Pye}} {{s-ttl|title=Dean of the Duke University School of Law|years=1971–1973}} {{s-aft|after=A. Kenneth Pye}} |- {{s-legal}} {{s-bef|before=Ralph E. Erickson}} {{s-ttl|title=United States Deputy Attorney General|years=1973}} {{s-aft|after=William Ruckelshaus}} |- {{s-bef|before=Frederick George Hamley}} {{s-ttl|title={{nowrap|Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit}}|years=1973–1987}} {{s-aft|after=Stephen S. Trott}} {{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sneed, Joseph Tyree III}} Category:1920 births Category:2008 deaths Category:United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II Category:California Republicans Category:Cornell University faculty Category:Duke University faculty Category:Harvard Law School alumni Category:Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Category:United States court of appeals judges appointed by Richard Nixon Category:Deans of law schools in the United States Category:Lawyers from San Francisco Category:People from Calvert, Texas Category:Southwestern University alumni Category:Stanford Law School faculty Category:University of Texas School of Law alumni Category:University of Texas at Austin faculty Category:United States deputy attorneys general Category:United States Army Air Forces soldiers