{{Short description|Chief Justice of the Philippines from 1942 to 1945}} {{Use mdy dates|date=June 2016}} {{family name hatnote|both a Filipino and a Spanish name. Both family names are ''Yulo''}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = The Honorable | name = José Yulo | image = Jose Yulo 1949.jpg | image_size = | office = Chief Justice of the Philippines | appointer = Masaharu Homma | term_start = May 7, 1942 | term_end = July 9, 1945 | predecessor = José Abad Santos | successor = Manuel Moran | office1 = Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines | office2 = 13th and 34th Secretary of Justice | predecessor2 = Salvador Marino | successor2 = Claudio Teehankee | office4 = Senator of the Philippines | office5 = Speaker of the National Assembly of the Philippines | predecessor5 = Gil Montilla | successor5 = Benigno Aquino Sr. | predecessor6 = Gil Montilla | successor6 = ''District abolished'' (Next held by Raymundo Vargas) | birth_name = José Yulo Yulo | birth_date = {{Birth date|1894|9|24}} | birth_place = Bago, Negros Occidental, Captaincy General of the Philippines | death_date = {{Death date and age|1976|10|27|1894|9|24}} | death_place = Makati, Philippines<ref name="death">[https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1942-27017-5124-14?cc=1410394&wc=9Z3G-VZ6:25272501,34311301,25271303,25420801 Jose Yulo's Death Certificate]. familysearch.org</ref> | profession = Lawyer | party = Liberal (from 1946) | other_party = Nacionalista (until 1946) | spouse = {{Marriage|Cecilia Sitchon Araneta|February 22, 1922|September 6, 1954|end=d.}} | children = 6 | alma_mater = University of the Philippines Diliman (LL.B) | order = 6th | predecessor1 = Carlos Imperial | successor1 = Domingo Imperial | appointer1 = Manuel L. Quezon | term_start1 = February 5, 1942 | term_end1 = May 7, 1942 | predecessor3 = Quirico Abeto | successor3 = José Abad Santos | term_end2 = August 4, 1967 | term_start2 = January 1, 1966 | term_start3 = July 6, 1934 | term_end3 = November 15, 1938 | president2 = Ferdinand Marcos | president3 = Manuel L. Quezon | governor-general3 = Frank Murphy | term_start4 = July 9, 1945 | term_end4 = May 28, 1946 | term_start5 = January 24, 1939 | term_end5 = December 30, 1941 | office6 = Member of the National Assembly from Negros Occidental's 3rd district | occupation = Politician | term_start6 = December 30, 1938 | term_end6 = December 30, 1941 }} '''José Yulo Yulo Sr.''' (September 24, 1894 – October 27, 1976) was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from May 1942 until July 1945 during the Japanese Occupation and was Speaker of the National Assembly of the Philippines from 1939 until World War II started in 1941. Yulo served in all of the branches of government: the legislative as House Speaker, congressman, and senator; the executive as Secretary of Justice and member of the Cabinet; and the judiciary as the Associate Justice and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He and his family also owned the Canlubang Sugar Estate that they bought in 1948.
==Early life and career== [[File:Manuel Quezon and José Yulo 2011 stamp of the Philippines.jpg|thumb|left|upright|José Yulo and Manuel L. Quezon, the forefathers of the National Bureau of Investigation, on a 2011 stamp of the Philippines]] Yulo was born on September 24, 1894, in Bago, Negros Occidental to Sofronio Evangelista Yulo and Segunda Yulo (maiden name).<ref name="death"/> He obtained his Bachelor of Laws degree at the University of the Philippines and placed third in the Philippine Bar Examination of 1913; however, due to his age, did not practice law until two years later. He became distinguished as one of the best corporation lawyers in the Philippines.
Appointed as Justice Secretary by Governor-General Frank Murphy and President Manuel L. Quezon in 1934 and 1935, he was elected to the National Assembly of the Philippines representing the province of Negros Occidental, becoming its Speaker under the ruling Nacionalista Party on its convening session in 1939. left|thumb|Official portrait of Jose Yulo as Chief Justice The 1935 Philippine Constitution was amended in 1940 changing the unicameral legislature system into a bicameral system; thus the National Assembly was divided into a Senate and a House of Representatives. Yulo remained as Speaker of the National Assembly. Yulo was elected to the Senate in 1941 for the 1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines but did not serve immediately as he was arrested by the US Army's Counter-Intelligence Corps (CIC) because he had worked in various capacities under the Japanese-sponsored Philippine Government. Following the Japanese conquest of the Philippines in 1942, he became a member of the Preparatory Committee for Philippine Independence, and upon the establishment of the Second Philippine Republic in 1943, was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. He is the only former Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines to be subsequently appointed Chief Justice.<ref>Cruz, Isagani A. (2000). ''Res Gestae: A Brief History of the Supreme Court''. Rex Book Store, Manila</ref> He finally served his elected Senate term in 1945, lasting until 1946.
==Accomplishments== Despite the difficulties experienced under Japanese occupation, Yulo attempted to maintain the integrity of the judiciary despite pressure from the Japanese military to sway decisions on certain cases.
==Postwar years== Yulo was the vice presidential candidate of the Liberal Party in 1953 as the running mate of incumbent President Elpidio Quirino. He eventually lost to Senator Carlos P. Garcia, while Quirino lost his re-election bid to former National Defense Secretary Ramon Magsaysay.
He was the presidential candidate of the Liberal Party in the 1957 presidential election, eventually losing to Garcia, who is the incumbent President this time, once again. His running mate, Pampanga's 1st district representative Diosdado Macapagal, won the vice presidential race.
Yulo was later appointed by President Ferdinand Marcos as Secretary of Justice, and served from January 1, 1966, to August 4, 1967.
==Death== Yulo died of respiratory failure as a result of atherosclerosis at Makati Medical Center in Makati on October 27, 1976. He was buried in Canlubang, Calamba, Laguna on October 30, 1976.<ref name="death"/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category|José Yulo}} *[http://www.doj.gov.ph/ministers-and-secretaries.html Department of Justice of the Republic of the Philippines]
{{s-start}} {{S-off}} {{succession box | before = Quirico Abeto | title = Secretary of Justice | years = 1934–1938 | after = José Abad Santos }} {{succession box | before = Gil Montilla | title = Speaker of the National Assembly | years = 1938–1941 | after = Benigno Aquino, Sr. }} {{succession box | before = Salvador L. Marino | title = Secretary of Justice | years = 1966–1967 | after = Claudio Teehankee }} {{s-legal}} {{succession box | before = José Abad Santos | title = Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines | years = 1942–1945 | after = Manuel Moran }} {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef | before = Elpidio Quirino }} {{s-ttl | title = Liberal Party nominee for Vice President of the Philippines | years = 1953 }} {{s-aft | after = Diosdado Macapagal | rows = 2 }} {{s-bef | before = Fernando Lopez (Quirino wing)<br>Vicente J. Francisco (Avelino wing) }} {{s-ttl | title = Liberal Party nominee for President of the Philippines | years = 1957 | alongside = Antonio Quirino (Quirino wing) }} {{s-end}}
{{Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court}} {{Candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 1953}} {{Candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 1957}} {{HouseSpeakerPH}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yulo, Jose}} Category:1894 births Category:1976 deaths Category:Araneta family Category:Ateneo de Manila University alumni Category:Candidates in the 1957 Philippine presidential election Category:Chief justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Category:Deaths from respiratory failure Category:Filipino collaborators with the Empire of Japan Category:Liberal Party (Philippines) politicians Category:People from Negros Occidental Category:Secretaries of justice of the Philippines Category:Senators of the 1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines Category:Speakers of the House of Representatives of the Philippines Category:Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Negros Occidental Category:University of the Philippines alumni Category:University of the Philippines College of Law alumni Category:Ferdinand Marcos administration cabinet members Category:Quezon administration cabinet members Category:Candidates in the 1953 Philippine vice-presidential election Category:Members of the National Assembly of the Philippines