{{Short description|British Liberal politician}} {{Use British English|date=June 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} {{Infobox person | name = Sir John Hope Simpson {{postnominals|country=GBR|KBE|CIE}} | image = File:1922 John Hope Simpson.jpg | caption = 1922 | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date|1868|7|23|df=yes}} | birth_place = West Derby | death_date = {{death date and age|1961|4|10|1868|7|23|df=yes}} | death_place = | occupation = Civil Servant, MP and diplomat | education = Liverpool College | movement = | parents = | spouse = | children = }}
thumb|right|John Hope Simpson
'''Sir John Hope Simpson''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|KBE|CIE}} <small>OBJ</small><ref name=i1>{{ISBN|978 1291370058}}</ref> (23 July 1868 – 10 April 1961) was a British Liberal politician who served as a Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom and later in the Government of the Dominion of Newfoundland.
Hope Simpson was born in West Derby, son of John Hope Simpson of Sefton Park, Liverpool and Margaret Swan. He was christened "John Hope" and educated at Liverpool College and Balliol College, Oxford.<ref name="auto">''Who Was Who'', Published by A&C Black Limited. Online edition, 2020</ref><ref>{{cite web | first=Roger T. | last=Stearn | title=Simpson, Sir John Hope (1868–1961) | work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | publisher=Oxford University Press | date=2004 | edition=online, January 2012 | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/77/101077017/ | access-date=12 June 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914084611/http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/77/101077017/ | archive-date=14 September 2016 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
==Civil service== Hope Simpson was in the Indian Civil Service between 1897 and 1916. He held numerous governmental posts, having been acting chief commander of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. He was Private Secretary to the Ministry of Labour in 1917.
He was DM (District Magistrate) of Gorakhpur, UP, India when first Intermediate School of City was founded in year 1909. He was very instrumental in its foundation and passed several order by going beyond the strict norms of the society foundation. The society was registered as 'Gorakhpur High School Society' and later on the name of Gandhi (Father of the Nation) it was renamed MG Inter College as Gandhi himself visited the campus.
==Politics== Hope Simpson ran as Liberal candidate and was elected at the 1922 general election becoming Member of Parliament (MP) for the previously Conservative-held constituency of Taunton in Somerset. He was re-elected in 1923 general election, but was defeated at the 1924 general election. He did not stand for Parliament again.
On Zionism he believed that Arab population was "economically powerless against such a strong movement" and thus needed protection. Charles Anderson writes that Hope Simpson was also "wary of the gulf between Zionist rhetoric and practice, observing that 'The most lofty sentiments are ventilated in public meetings and in Zionist propaganda' but that the Jewish National Fund and other organs of the movement did not uphold or embody a vision of cooperation or mutual benefit with the Arabs".<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Anderson|first1=Charles|title=The British Mandate and the crisis of Palestinian landlessness, 1929–1936|journal=Middle Eastern Studies|date=6 November 2017|volume=54|issue=2|pages=171–215|doi=10.1080/00263206.2017.1372427|doi-access=free}}</ref>
==Later career== In 1925, Hope Simpson was knighted. Following his parliamentary defeat he assumed a number of posts for various organisations, including the League of Nations, as an expert on the question of refugees. He was posted first to Greece to monitor the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.<ref name ="Courtney">Courtney, Chris (2018), [https://books.google.com/books?id=1DhFDwAAQBAJ "The Nature of Disaster in China: The 1931 Central China Flood"], Cambridge University Press; {{ISBN|978-1-108-41777-8}}</ref>
Following the widespread 1929 Palestine riots he was sent to British Mandate Palestine on a fact finding mission, which resulted in the Hope Simpson Report in 1930.
During the 1931 China floods the League of Nations sent Hope Simpson to China, where he became director-general of the National Flood Relief Commission for the government of the Republic of China.<ref>National Flood Relief Commission [https://archive.org/details/reportofthenatio032042mbp Report of the National Flood Relief Commission] Shanghai, 1932.</ref> As well as coordinating refugee relief, he became a strong critic of the Japanese aerial bombing of a flood refugee camp in Shanghai, following the January 28 Incident.<ref name="Courtney"/>
Coming out of retirement at 66 years of age, Sir John became the Commissioner of Natural Resources and Acting-Commissioner of Justice for The Commission of Government of Newfoundland from 1934 until 1936.<ref name=i1 /> Port Hope Simpson was named after him in response to the most significant backing <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3A1_list_original_correspondence_consulted.jpg |title=File:1 list original correspondence consulted.JPG - Wikimedia Commons |access-date=22 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722215622/https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3A1_list_original_correspondence_consulted.jpg |archive-date=22 July 2015 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> he had given to John Osborn Williams, the owner of the Labrador Development Company Limited, who set up a loggers' camp in Alexis Bay for cutting and exporting pitwood to Cardiff for the collieries of South Wales.<ref>{{ISBN|978 1482669992}}</ref> Hope Simpson also established the Newfoundland Ranger Force a welfare and police force meant to link the people of Newfoundland and Labrador with The Commission of Government in St. John's.
In 1937 Sir John received the Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire medal not so very long after his return from Newfoundland. In 1938 and 1939 he produced reports for Chatham House on Europe's refugee problem. He continued to be involved in the Jewish/Palestine Question after World War II. He contributed to the Report to General-Assembly, in 1947, for the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine.<ref name=i1 />
Sir John Hope Simpson died on 10 April 1961. He left £29,764 16s to an unknown heir.
==See also== * Hope Simpson Royal Commission * {{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067877|title=Sir John Hope Simpson|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=5 May 2006}} * [http://www.heritage.nf.ca/ Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage] * {{cite book |last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |author-link= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 |orig-year=1969 |edition= 3rd |year=1983 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-06-X}}
==Bibliography== *John Hope Simpson, [https://books.google.com/books?id=OitnAAAAMAAJ&q=john%20hope%20simpson ''Refugees: preliminary report of a survey''], Institute of International Affairs, 1938 *John Hope Simpson, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M4clAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1 ''The Refugee Problem''], Institute of International Affairs, October 1939
==References== {{reflist}}
==Notes== * {{ISBN|0-900178-06-X}}. * {{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067877|title=Sir John Hope Simpson|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=5 May 2006}} * [http://www.heritage.nf.ca/ Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage] * {{cite book |last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |author-link= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 |orig-year=1969 |edition= 3rd |year=1983 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-06-X}} * {{Rayment|date=February 2012}}
== External links == * {{Hansard-contribs | mr-john-simpson | John Simpson }}
{{s-start}} {{s-par|uk}} {{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Taunton | years = 1922–1924 | before = Sir Arthur Griffith-Boscawen | after = Hamilton Gault }} {{s-end}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Simpson, John Hope}} Category:1868 births Category:1961 deaths Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire Category:Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Category:UK MPs 1922–1923 Category:UK MPs 1923–1924 Category:Members of the Newfoundland Commission of Government Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford Category:People educated at Liverpool College Category:Indian Civil Service (British India) officers