{{short description|American painter}}

{{Infobox artist | image = John Goffe Rand - Self-Portrait - 1971.271 - Smithsonian American Art Museum.jpg | caption = Self portrait, oil on board, c. 1836 | birth_name = John Goffe Rand | birth_date = {{Birth date|1801|01|27|df=y}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|1873|01|23|1801|01|27|df=yes}} | birth_place = Bedford, New Hampshire | death_place = Roslyn, New York | known_for = Portrait painting | spouse = Lavinia Brainerd Rand (m. 1831) }} '''John Goffe Rand''' (27 January 1801–23 January 1873) was an American painter and inventor. He lived and worked in Boston, London, and New York. Rand invented and patented the first collapsible artist's paint tube.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.npg.org.uk/research/programmes/directory-of-suppliers/r.php | title=British artists' suppliers, 1650-1950 - R - National Portrait Gallery}}</ref>

The tin tube allowed unused oil paint to be stored and used later without drying out.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.christies.com/features/14-Art-Media-Paint-in-Tubes-5840-1.aspx|title=A real squeeze: Paint in tubes &#124; Christie's|website=www.christies.com}}</ref> In 1841, Rand patented<ref>{{cite web |title=PATENT FOR THE INVENTION OF THE TUBE (TUBE) 1841 |url=http://www.tuba.ru/news.html?ID=98&oper=1 |website=tuba.ru |accessdate=3 September 2019 |language=Russian |archive-date=29 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529195712/http://www.tuba.ru/news.html?ID=98&oper=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the invention with the United States Patent Office (Sept 11, 1841 Patent No. 2,252). He went on to patent several later improvements.

Jean Renoir, son of the Impressionist painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, states that his father once said “Without paints in tubes, there would have been no Cézanne, no Monet, no Sisley or Pissaro, nothing of what the journalists were later to call Impressionism.”<ref>{{Cite book |last=Renoir |first=Jean |url=http://archive.org/details/renoirmyfather0000reno_y0d8 |title=Renoir, My Father |date=1962 |others=Internet Archive |pages=77}}</ref> Art historian Anthea Callen has argued, however, that Impressionism "cannot be attributed simply to the ready portability" of paint.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Callen |first=Anthea |title=The Art of Impressionism |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2000 |pages=106}}</ref>

Other later inventions by Rand were not as widely received, and most of his ideas were not financially successful.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/john-goffe-rand-papers-6737/more |title = More Information &#124; A Finding Aid to the John Goffe Rand papers, 1832-1960, bulk 1832-1873 &#124; Digitized Collection}}</ref>

He was interred at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, New York.<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Goffe Rand (1801-1873) - Find A Grave...|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/91581494/john-goffe-rand|access-date=2021-07-11|website=www.findagrave.com|language=en}}</ref>

== References == {{reflist}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rand, John Goffe}} Category:1801 births Category:1873 deaths Category:19th-century American inventors Category:19th-century American painters Category:19th-century American male artists Category:American male painters

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