John Barton Hack

{{Short description|English early settler in South Australia (1805–1884)}} thumb|John Barton Hack ca.1870

'''John Barton Hack''' (2 July 1805 – 4 October 1884), generally referred to as '''Barton Hack''', was an early settler in South Australia; a prominent farmer, businessman and public figure. He lost his fortune in the financial crisis of 1840 and despite his best efforts, never regained anything like his former influence and prosperity. His son Theodore Hack, younger brother Stephen Hack and nephew Wilton Hack were all figures of some significance in the history of the Colony.

==Early life== Hack was born in Chichester, England to Stephen Hack, a banker, and the educational writer Maria Hack (née Barton), sister of the poet Bernard Barton. He was educated at Southgate, Middlesex before going into the leather trade, building up a business in Sussex. On 9 July 1827, Hack married Bridget "Bbe" Watson (27 September 1806 – 20 July 1881),<ref>{{cite book|title=Chequered Lives |author1=Iola Hack Mathews |author2=Chris Durrant |page=243 |publisher=Wakefield Press |year=2013 |isbn=9781743052587}}</ref> daughter of William Watson of Hardshaw, Lancashire. After an illness which affected his lungs, he was advised to move to a warmer climate. While in Portsmouth he met Captain Thomas Lipson, who was fitting out the ''Buffalo'' for its pioneering voyage to South Australia. This new colony captured his imagination. He read Robert Torrens's book ''The Colonization of South Australia'' and met with Edward Gibbon Wakefield and some members of the South Australian Company and was so convinced of the colony's future that he sold up his considerable business interests and purchased three 134-acre sections with their three accompanying town acres. In September 1836 he embarked with his wife, six children and younger brother Stephen (who was to become an explorer of some note<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49213097 Mr. Hack's Exploring Expedition] ''South Australian Register'' 27 October 1857 p.3 accessed 7 September 2011</ref> and father of Wilton Hack), on the ''Isabella'', commanded by Captain Hart for the owner Griffiths of Launceston, Van Diemen's Land. A surprise last-minute addition to the passenger list was Sir John Jeffcott, who had been appointed Chief Justice of South Australia, and was "slipping away" surreptitiously to avoid creditors. The ''Isabella'''s first stop in Australia was Launceston, where he spent a month purchasing livestock and equipment, which were loaded on the ''Isabella'' for shipping to South Australia.<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article53446474 Street Corner History: Barton Terrace] ''Register News-Pictorial'' 19 September 1929 p.5 accessed 7 September 2011</ref> His purchases included nearly 400 sheep, six cows and a bull, ten bullocks, a large wagon and a dray, three horses and a Timor pony. Another livestock importer from Launceston aboard the ''Isabella'' was Henry Jones (1799–1889), son of a prosperous London oil merchant, and, like Hack, an influential colonist.<ref>Yelland, E. M., ''Henry Jones, Esq., J. P. (1799–1889), South Australian pastoralist and pioneer'', Pioneers Assoc. of S.A. pamphlet, 1969.</ref>

==From carting to farming== Arriving at Holdfast Bay (again on the ''Isabella'', whose captain was the future South Australian Premier John Hart) in February 1837, his goods and livestock were unloaded, but by an oversight the sheep dispersed and were never recovered. He set up the two prefabricated two-room "Manning's Portable Cottages" he had loaded at Portsmouth; one at Glenelg and one in Adelaide, on the site of the present Railway Station. The bullock wagon was kept busy, carting goods between Holdfast Bay and Adelaide, making £15 in the first week apart from his own work. He was supplying milk (he purchased, for £27 a head, a herd of cows that were subsequently landed from South Africa) and, with his gardener, developing a garden in North Adelaide. In March 1837, at the beginning of the first land sales in Adelaide, Hack purchased a further {{convert|60|acre|ha|abbr=off|spell=in}}. In May he lost another consignment of sheep and cattle when the ''Isabella'' foundered on rocks off Cape Nelson. He built a more substantial residence in Hindley Street, which a few years later the Government purchased for conversion into a police station. He purchased {{convert|1000|acre|ha|abbr=on}} on the Little Para River for a dairy, and produced butter for sale in the city.

He undertook some exploration of the country around Adelaide. On 27 November 1837, guided by his stockman Tom Davis, Hack in company with John Morphett, Samuel Stephens, Charles Stuart (South Australian Company's stock overseer), and John Wade (a "gentleman from Hobart Town"), were the first Europeans to ascend Mount Barker.<ref>''The Colonist'', 28 December 1837, p. 2.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43658879 |title=A Chequered Career |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=Adelaide |date=28 April 1884 |access-date=4 August 2012 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36400104 |title=Out among the People. |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=30 December 1937 |access-date=4 August 2012 |page=11 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>

Hack also became involved in public life, sitting on the Street Naming Committee, which decided the names of streets that now run through Adelaide city centre and North Adelaide, as well as the Chamber of Commerce and several other bodies. As part of his business ventures, he was paid £800 for cutting the original channel in Port Adelaide. In 1838, he purchased Blenkinsop's whaling station at Encounter Bay (Blenkinsop had drowned with Sir John Jeffcott at the Murray Mouth the previous December). He squatted 400 head of cattle at Mount Barker, but was moved on in 1839. Not put off, he then bought {{convert|4,000|acre|ha|abbr=off}} of land at nearby Echunga Springs and made his home there. His farming venture was initially very successful and it was at this time that he planted some of the first wine-grape vines in the colony. A drawing of his farm by George French Angas, possibly from a sketch by Gawler may be viewed [http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-an7404326 here]. (A similar hand-tinted lithograph by J. Hitchen used by Gawler to support his strategy of attracting wealthy immigrants can be viewed [http://nla.gov.au:80/nla.pic-an7837302 here])<ref>Kerr, Joan (ed) ''Painters, Sketchers, Photographers and Engravers to 1870'' p.289 "Gawler, George" Oxford University Press, Melbourne {{ISBN|0-19-553290-2}}</ref>

In 1839 he had formed the shipping agency Hack, Watson and Co. with brother-in-law Henry Watson, and spent much of his time and energy travelling between his home at Echunga and Port Adelaide.

==The Recession and after== South Australia was plunged into an economic depression in 1841 when the South Australian Company repudiated debts incurred by Governor Gawler. Hack had numerous creditors who could not pay him, debts to the bank, workers to pay and other ongoing commitments with little coming in and no support from his bank. He was forced to sell his Echunga property and whaling interests at a huge discount. His shipping company ceased trading in 1842 and its assets were taken over by their U.K. manager, Jacob Hagen. Through Hack's efforts, a position was found for Watson as Chief Clerk in the Customs Department.

In 1843, with little or no capital, Hack made a living with a bullock team, which he expanded in 1845 with several bullock drays carting copper ore from the new mines at Burra to Port Adelaide and living at Kapunda. He undertook several prospective diggings but found no minable copper. By 1848, he had interests in a timber business associated with the building of Christ Church in North Adelaide, but the death of the contractor and the loss of his workers to the Bendigo goldfields resulted in another business failure. In 1851 he went to the Victorian goldfields, where he was modestly successful and returned to South Australia, where he was engaged as mercantile manager for the solicitor Atkinson (who he left in 1852),<ref name=AdvertiserObit>{{Cite web|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35968808|title=Death of Mr. J. B. Hack.|newspaper=South Australian Advertiser (Adelaide, Sa : 1858 - 1889)|date=6 October 1884|page=5}}</ref> then with Hart and Hughes of Port Adelaide. In 1859 he purchased a dairy farm along the Coorong, which proved uneconomical. He tried sheep-farming in partnership with G. M. Brown but footrot caused unsupportable losses and in 1863 the family returned to Adelaide. He worked as accountant for Henry Hill & Co., then John Rounsevell, then as an independent agent. Finally he was employed as an accountant for the South Australian Railways from 1870 to 1883, when he retired, having reached the position of Controller of Railway Accounts.

==Religion and social concerns== Hack was brought up as a Quaker, and many of the Adelaide church's first meetings were held at his home. He donated land on Pennington Terrace, North Adelaide, and contracted for erection there of the Friends’ meeting house, a prefabricated wooden building from the same H. Manning, which is still in use. One of his children, who died in infancy, was buried in its yard. He converted to Wesleyan Methodism in Kapunda around 1845 and later was active in church finance committees<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article39822772 Wesleyan Conference] ''South Australian Register'' 6 February 1874 p.6 accessed 26 September 2011</ref> and management committee of Prince Alfred College.<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article40784809 The Wesleyan Conference] ''South Australian Register'' 1 February 1877 p.7 accessed 26 September 2011</ref> He was noted for his friendliness to Aboriginals and ex-convicts (notably one Jack Foley, who became a trusted employee to the extent of accompanying Stephen Hack to London in 1840), and as a temperance advocate.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/50248303 |title=Local intelligence. |newspaper= South Australian Register |date=14 February 1849 |access-date=12 October 2024 |page=4 |via=Trove}}</ref> He was a firm friend and mentor of Henry Inman.

Hack died at his home in Semaphore on 4 October 1884; his wife having died three years earlier.

==Family== On 9 July 1827 Hack married Bridget "Bbe" Watson (27 September 1806 – 20 July 1881). They produced at least twelve children, including eight sons and four daughters. The first six were born in England.<ref>John Barton Hack and Family c. 1870 [http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/08000/B7759.htm] [http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/08000/B7759_1.htm] [http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/08000/B7759_2.htm] [http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/08000/B7759_3.htm] [http://images.slsa.sa.gov.au/mpcimg/08000/B7759_4.htm], State Library of South Australia</ref> *William Barton Hack (28 April 1828 – 3 February 1903<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article95299202 |title=Death of an Old Colonist |newspaper=Port Pirie Recorder and North Western Mail |issue=473 |location=South Australia |date=4 February 1903 |accessdate=27 September 2025 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}} not 20 April 1900</ref>) married Grace Stanlake (1833 – September 1860){{efn|Stanlake arrived aboard the brig ''Raven'' in Adelaide in October 1846.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27454102 |title=Arrived |newspaper=South Australian Register |location=South Australia |date=24 October 1846 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> According to one report she was born Grace Talling.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article129920066 |title=Late Mrs A. C. Wagener |newspaper=The News (Adelaide) |volume=XVI |issue=2,386 |location=South Australia |date=11 March 1931 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>}} c. 1852. Their children include: :*Mary Louisa Hack (1853–1881) married Walter Henry Earl (died 1881) in 1875<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197680370 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=Evening Journal (Adelaide) |volume=VII |issue=1915 |location=South Australia |date=20 April 1875 |accessdate=27 September 2025 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> He was teacher at Melrose from 1873<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197666683 |title=Education Board |newspaper=Evening Journal (Adelaide) |volume=V |issue=1350 |location=South Australia |date=10 June 1873 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> or earlier. Their children included: ::*Daughter 21 May 1876<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43012301 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=South Australian Register |volume=XLI |issue=9213 |location=South Australia |date=25 May 1876 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> — nothing in the newspapers, but it is likely she did not survive. ::*Son 9 November 1877<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197706012 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=Evening Journal (Adelaide) |volume=IX |issue=2700 |location=South Australia |date=16 November 1877 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> — nothing in the newspapers, but it is likely he did not survive. ::*Mary Eliza Earl (14 September 1879 – 25 June 1880) died aged 10 months.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43150161 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=South Australian Register |volume=XLV |issue=10,494 |location=South Australia |date=2 July 1880 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> ::Husband and wife died 1881. ::*Elsie Miriam Earl (29 May 1881<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43157575 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=South Australian Register |volume=XLVI |issue=10,793 |location=South Australia |date=17 June 1881 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> – 1976) was adopted by Theodore Hack, and was henceforth known as Elsie Miriam Earl Hack or Elsie M. Hack. She was a student at Knightsbridge School and became a fine pianist and singer. She married John Arthur Ballantyne (1873 – 10 October 1942<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92379665 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=The Chronicle (Adelaide) |volume=LXXXV |issue=4,843 |location=South Australia |date=15 October 1942 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=10 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref>), son of James Ballantyne of Dulwich, on 7 August 1907,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article200853586 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=Evening Journal (Adelaide) |volume=XLI |issue=11392 |location=South Australia |date=4 September 1907 |accessdate=28 September 2025 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> lived in Wayville, South Australia. An adoptive sister married a brother of John Arthur Ballantyne. :*Annie Catherine Hack (c. 1854 – March 1931) married August C. Wagener ( –1899) in 1874 :*Barton John Hack (1856 – 25 August 1944) married Christina Anderson in 1884.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43217872 |title=Death of B. J. Hack |newspaper=The Advertiser (Adelaide) |volume=LXXXVII |issue=26802 |location=South Australia |date=28 August 1944 |accessdate=27 September 2025 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> They had one daughter ::*Irene Ethel Hack married Francis Godolphin Bonython in 1904 :*Julia Emily Hack (8 December 1857 – 2 July 1943) married Frederick Percy Ritchie ( – ) on 3 August 1878.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article42988292 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=South Australian Register |volume=XLIII |issue=9902 |location=South Australia |date=9 August 1878 |accessdate=29 September 2025 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> :*Arthur William Hack or William Arthur Hack (August 1859 – c. 1 June 1929)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article46063600 |title=The Late Mr W. A. Hack |newspaper=Barrier Miner |volume=XLII |issue=12,491 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=5 June 1929 |accessdate=29 September 2025 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> married Annie in 1881. ::*Arthur Herbert Hack (c. March 1881 – 17 April 1882)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article195908931 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=Port Augusta Dispatch and Flinders Advertiser |volume=IV |issue=260 |location=South Australia |date=21 April 1882 |accessdate=29 September 2025 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> :He married again, to Emma Harding (13 March 1846 – 1929) in 1865, was a farmer and grazier at Stewart's Range near Naracoorte.<ref>Obituary of Emma Hack, widow of William Hack, ''The Chronicle'', 15 August 1929, p. 31, col. c-d</ref> :*Charles Henry Hack (7 August 1865 – 16 September 1952) :*Wilton Robson Hack (2 April 1867 – 17 November 1938)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article147126339 |title=Mr Wilton Hack |newspaper=The Narracoorte Herald |volume=LXIII |issue=6453 |location=South Australia |date=29 November 1938 |accessdate=29 September 2025 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> married Catherine McLeod in 1904 :*Jessie Emma Hack (25 September 1869 – 21 December 1932) married Charles Beauchamp in 1895 :*Theodore William Hack (25 December 1873 – 1969) and six others. *Edward Hack (1829 – 25 September 1904) was a carter, surveyor, storekeeper and Primitive Methodist local preacher.<ref>Obituary of Edward Hack, ''Adelaide Observer'', 1 October 1904, p. 34, col. b</ref> *Annie Mary Hack (1830 – 17 February 1839) *Louisa Hack (1831 – 7 August 1865) married Patrick James Tod (died 30 May 1855) on 20 January 1849; married Kingston Linden, of Plymouth, England. *Alfred Hack (1833 – 7 June 1908) auctioneer and commission agent, married Susan Pengilly on 25 October 1870<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5148395 Personal] (announcing Alfred's death) ''The Advertiser'' 8 June 1908, p.6</ref> :*Frederick Theodore "Fred T." Hack (24 August 1877 – 10 April 1939) cricketer, motor body builder; his business at 400 King William Street was taken over by Holden's. He married Rosa Pengilly (died 25 September 1940)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article92402226 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=The Chronicle (Adelaide) |volume=LXXXIII |issue=4,737 |location=South Australia |date=3 October 1940 |accessdate=29 September 2025 |page=20 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> on 17 April 1905. ::*Alfred Thomas "Alf" Hack (12 June 1905 – 4 February 1933) cricketer, known as wicket keeper ::*(Norman) Reginald Hack (25 February 1907 – 13 October 1971) cricketer, L.H. batsman *Bedford Hack (10 August 1835 – 26 April 1912) worked in the Surveyor-General's Department and was manager of the Sewerage Farm.<ref>Retirement of Bedford Hack, ''Public service review : South Australia'', vol. 14, no. 6 (June 1908), p. 71-72</ref><ref name=adb>"Hack, John Barton (1805–1884)", ''Australian Dictionary of Biography''.</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article5154685 |title=Thirty-Five Years a Civil Servant |newspaper=The Advertiser |location=Adelaide |date=25 June 1908 |access-date=14 April 2014 |page=9 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref> *Emily Margaret Hack (1837 – 7 January 1873) married Cornelius Butler Mitchell on 29 August 1860.   *Theodore Hack MHA (17 November 1840 – 27 December 1902) married Elvira Louisa Ansell (c. 1842 – 7 October 1890) on 17 November 1864. See his entry for family details. *Charles Hack (30 May 1842 – 22 April 1915) married Anne Brooks Meyrick (1844 – 24 October 1929)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article128870717 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=The News (Adelaide) |volume=XIII |issue=1,960 |location=South Australia |date=26 October 1929 |accessdate=5 February 2022 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> on 27 December 1866. He was a tenor in several important choirs. :*Gulielma "Guli" Hack (17 October 1867 – 2 August 1951) married William Magarey on 5 March 1910. She was a noted singer and pianist, Elder Overseas Scholarship winner, taught at the Elder Conservatorium. :*Ethel May Hack (19 July 1869 – 4 September 1947) married Bruce Malcolm (January 1869 – 2 May 1941)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17750023 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |issue=32,245 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=3 May 1941 |accessdate=11 February 2022 |page=14 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> on 9 January 1902. She was a contralto and piano accompanist. Malcolm was born in Gawler, they ran Avondale station, Pittsworth, Queensland, then Coonabarabran, later of 2 Erith Street Mosman, New South Wales. They had two children: Joy and Bruce. :Guli and Ethel lived at 58 South Terrace, Adelaide, and as "The Misses Hack" taught languages and music to small children at Miller Street, North Unley 1900–1902,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208927900 |title=Advertising |newspaper=The Express and Telegraph |volume=XXXVII |issue=11,023 |location=South Australia |date=14 July 1900 |accessdate=11 February 2022 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> then 1903–1906 Guli taught at Rose Terrace, Wayville. :*Louisa Emily Hack (1872–1946)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35712401 |title=Family Notices |newspaper=The Advertiser (Adelaide) |location=South Australia |date=30 August 1946 |accessdate=27 September 2025 |page=20 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref> :*(Charles) Gerald Hack (1874–1936) married Dorothy Langridge on 16 February 1916. :*Leonard Hack (1876 – 10 July 1912) married Hilda Kyffin Thomas (2 April 1878 – 1947) on 28 July 1906. Hilda was a daughter of Robert Kyffin Thomas.  :*Winifred Bbe{{efn|This is not a typographical error. "Bbe" was a name given to, or adopted by, several members of the Hack family and reported without comment in ''Chequered Lives'', the biography of the Hack family of South Australia.}} Hack (1879–1968) married Arthur Bellendes Skottowe ( –1923) in 1903 :*Noel Meyrick Hack (1881–1957) married Guelda Lillian Muecke (1889–1963) in 1910. She was a granddaughter of H. C. E. Muecke.  :*Dulcie Barton Hack (1886–1963) married Percy William Hardie Marshall (1883–1944) in 1914. Percy was a son of Rundle Street merchant James Marshall. :*Lionel Watson Hack (1889–1921) married Adela Gwen Hill (1891–1970) in 1916 *Francis "Frank" Hack (4 December 1843 – 17 August 1903) *George Hack (27 May 1845 – ) married Elizabeth Ann Johns ( –1948) in 1869 *Jessie Maria Hack (20 July 1848 – 31 March 1867)

At least three of his sons received tuition at J. L. Young's Adelaide Educational Institution: between December 1854 and December 1857, Theodore, Charles and Frank figured prominently at prizegivings, as did their cousin Wilton (1843–1923).<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article49746338 Adelaide Educational Institution] ''South Australian Register'' 14 June 1856 p.4 accessed 26 September 2011</ref>

==Notes== {{Notelist}}

==References== {{Reflist}} {{Barton/Hack family}} {{Authority control}}

==Further reading== *{{cite book |author1=Mathews, Iola Hack |title=Chequered lives : John Barton Hack and Stephen Hack |publisher=Wakefield Press |year=2013 |isbn=9781743052587}} *{{Australian Dictionary of Biography |last=Gilchrist |first= J. |year=1966 |id=A010453b |title= Hack, John Barton (1805–1884) |accessdate=18 September 2009 }} * G. C. Morphett, ''John Barton Hack: A Quaker Pioneer'' (Adelaide, 1943) * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43658161 A Chequered Career – Reminiscences of a Pioneer Outline] ''South Australian Register'' 22 April 1884 p. 6 accessed 7 September 2011<br>Remarkably, this autobiographical series contains no reference to any involvement with the Quaker church. * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43658163 A Chequered Career – Reminiscences of a Pioneer I] ''South Australian Register'' 22 April 1884 p. 6 accessed 7 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43662328 A Chequered Career – Reminiscences of a Pioneer II] ''South Australian Register'' 23 April 1884 p. 6 accessed 6 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43658879 A Chequered Career – Reminiscences of a Pioneer III] ''South Australian Register'' 28 April 1884 p. 7 accessed 7 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43815409 Early Settlement in South Australia No. 1] ''South Australian Register'' 3 July 1884 p. 6 accessed 7 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43815142 Early Settlement in South Australia No. 2] ''South Australian Register'' 12 July 1884 Supplement p. 1 accessed 7 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43819453 Early Settlement in South Australia No. 3] ''South Australian Register'' 19 July 1884 Supplement p. 2 accessed 7 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43811739 Early Settlement in South Australia No. 4] ''South Australian Register'' 29 July 1884 p. 7 accessed 7 September 2011 * [http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43818165 Early Settlement in South Australia No. 5] ''South Australian Register'' 9 August 1884 Supplement p. 1 accessed 7 September 2011

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hack, John Barton}} Category:1805 births Category:1884 deaths Category:People from Chichester Category:English emigrants to colonial Australia Category:Settlers of South Australia Category:English Quakers Category:Australian Quakers Category:Converts to Methodism Category:Australian people in whaling Category:British emigrants to the Colony of South Australia