{{About|a commune in Normandy, France|the city colloquially known as "Joburg"|Johannesburg}} {{Infobox French commune |name = Jobourg |image = NezJobourg.jpg |arrondissement = Cherbourg |canton = La Hague |commune = La Hague |INSEE = 50257 |postal code = 50440 |coordinates = {{coord|49.69|-1.90|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |elevation min m = 0 |elevation max m = 128 |area km2 = 10.15 |population = 467 |population date = 2022 |population footnotes = <ref name=pop2022>{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8290591/ensemble.pdf|title=Populations de référence 2022|language=fr|trans-title=Reference populations 2022|publisher=INSEE|date=December 2024|access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref> }}
'''Jobourg''' ({{IPA|fr|ʒɔbuʁ}}) is a former commune in the Manche department in north-western France. Since 1 January 2017 it has formed part of the new commune La Hague.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/arrete/2016/9/27/INTB1629328A/jo/texte |title=Arrêté préfectoral du 27 septembre 2016 portant création de la commune nouvelle de La Hague |website=Légifrance |language=fr |date=27 September 2016 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref> Jobourg lies near Cap de la Hague on the north-west coast of the Cotentin Peninsula. Its population was 467 in 2022.<ref name=pop2022/>
== Geography == Jobourg is situated at the western end of the La Hague headland, in a landscape of coastal moorland overlooking the English Channel. To the west of the village stands the ''Nez de Jobourg'', a rocky headland whose cliffs rise to about 128 m and are among the highest sea cliffs on the continental European coastline.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.conservatoire-du-littoral.fr/siteLittoral/175/28-nez-de-jobourg-50_manche.htm |title=Nez de Jobourg |website=Conservatoire du littoral |language=fr |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
The territory of the former commune includes the Baie d'Écalgrain, a bay located between the Nez de Jobourg and the port of Goury. The site combines heather moorland and pasture on the cliffs with a sand-and-shingle beach at their foot, and is crossed by the coastal footpath GR 223.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.attitude-manche.fr/patrimoine-naturel/baie-decalgrain/ |title=Baie d'Écalgrain |website=Attitude Manche |language=fr |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.attitude-manche.fr/loisirs/plage-decalgrain/ |title=Plage d'Écalgrain |website=Attitude Manche |language=fr |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.geoparc-lahague.fr/lieu/la-baie-decalgrain/ |title=La baie d'Écalgrain |website=Géoparc de La Hague |language=fr |date=22 May 2025 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
Off the coast to the north-west, on the rock known as ''Gros du Raz'', stands the Goury Lighthouse (''phare de Goury'' or ''phare de la Hague''), about 48 m high, which marks the Raz Blanchard tidal race and the approaches to the Channel shipping lanes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.conservatoire-du-littoral.fr/siteLittoral/175/28-nez-de-jobourg-50_manche.htm |title=Nez de Jobourg |website=Conservatoire du littoral |language=fr |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
Jobourg is also the site of the regional operational centre for surveillance and rescue at sea ''CROSS Jobourg'' (formerly ''CROSSMA Jobourg''), located on the heights above the cliffs. From this station, the French maritime authorities monitor navigation and coordinate search-and-rescue operations in the central English Channel.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mer.gouv.fr/surveillance-et-sauvetage-en-mer |title=Surveillance et sauvetage en mer |website=Ministère chargé de la mer |language=fr |date=12 March 2024 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://lannuaire.service-public.gouv.fr/normandie/manche/e1858f52-a626-4f1c-8506-46b3521c4ed2 |title=CROSS - Jobourg (Centre régional opérationnel de surveillance et de sauvetage) |website=service-public.fr |language=fr |date=9 August 2023 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wikimanche.fr/CROSS_Jobourg |title=CROSS Jobourg |website=WikiManche |language=fr |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
== History == Jobourg remained an independent commune of the Manche department until the territorial reorganisation that created the commune of La Hague on 1 January 2017, when Jobourg and several neighbouring communes were merged.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/arrete/2016/9/27/INTB1629328A/jo/texte |title=Arrêté préfectoral du 27 septembre 2016 portant création de la commune nouvelle de La Hague |website=Légifrance |language=fr |date=27 September 2016 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
During the final phase of the Napoleonic Wars, the Battle of Jobourg took place off the coast on the night of 26–27 March 1814. In this naval engagement in the English Channel, the British frigate HMS ''Hebrus'' fought the French frigate ''Étoile'' close inshore near Jobourg; the action ended with the capture of ''Étoile'' and a British victory.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_battle&id=675 |title=Action of 1814-03-26 |website=Three Decks – Warships in the Age of Sail |language=en |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/the-last-franco-british-frigate-action-from-old-naval-news-photo/534063182 |title=The last Franco-British frigate action (c.1815) |website=Getty Images |language=en |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
== Population == The legal population of Jobourg was 467 inhabitants in 2022, as published by the INSEE.<ref name=pop2022/>
== Geology == Jobourg forms part of the Armorican Massif. Around the Nez de Jobourg and the neighbouring bays, very old metamorphic rocks are exposed in the sea cliffs. These rocks are mainly Icartian gneiss, formed in a Precambrian mountain-building episode around 2 billion years ago and regarded as among the oldest rocks exposed at the surface in France.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.geodiversite.net/media2053 |title=Gneiss icartien de l'anse Cul Rond (Nez de Jobourg) |website=Géodiversité |language=fr |date=19 December 2021 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://parc-cotentin-bessin.fr/sites/default/files/2019-05/PUBLI_201207_GEOLOGIE_LEG.pdf |title=Paysages géologiques de Normandie |website=Parc naturel régional des Marais du Cotentin et du Bessin |language=fr |date=July 2012 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.geoparc-lahague.fr/lieu/la-baie-decalgrain/ |title=La baie d'Écalgrain |website=Géoparc de La Hague |language=fr |date=22 May 2025 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
The exposures around the Baie d'Écalgrain and the nearby ''anse du Cul-Rond'' are used in regional geological teaching and field excursions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etab.ac-caen.fr/discip/geologie/precamb/lahagueEcalgrain/ecalgrain.htm |title=Baie d'Écalgrain et baie du Cul-Rond |website=Lithothèque de Normandie |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819194049/http://www.etab.ac-caen.fr/discip/geologie/precamb/lahagueEcalgrain/ecalgrain.htm |archive-date=19 August 2014 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.normandie.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/BNO-0245f.pdf |title=Géosite de l'Icartien de Jobourg |website=DREAL Normandie |language=fr |date=20 March 2013 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
== Culture == A well-known local event is the Foire aux moutons de Jobourg (Jobourg sheep fair), also referred to as the ''Fête des moutons''. This agricultural fair and sheep market was created in 1937 by decision of the municipal council and is held each year on the first Saturday of August.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wikimanche.fr/Foire_aux_moutons_de_Jobourg |title=Foire aux moutons de Jobourg |website=WikiManche |language=fr |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eterritoire.fr/detail/activites-touristiques/foire-aux-moutons-de-jobourg/2695408002/normandie%2Cmanche%2Cla-hague%2850440%29 |title=Foire aux moutons de Jobourg |website=eTerritoire |language=fr |date=29 July 2024 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref> The fair showcases the local sheep breed Roussin de la Hague, and typically includes livestock competitions, shearing demonstrations and sheepdog displays in which border collies work sheep and sometimes geese, together with a farmers' market and evening music.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lahague.fr/evenement/foire-aux-moutons-de-jobourg-2025/ |title=Foire aux moutons de Jobourg 2025 |website=Ville de La Hague |language=fr |date=2 August 2025 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://lainessouslespommiers.fr/agenda/foire-aux-moutons-de-jobourg-samedi-2-aout-2025/ |title=Foire aux moutons de Jobourg – Samedi 2 août 2025 |website=Laines sous les pommiers |language=fr |date=2 August 2025 |access-date=14 November 2025}}</ref>
== See also == * Communes of the Manche department
== References == <references/>
== External links == * [https://www.flickr.com/photos/marcello14/1064479946 Baie d'Écalgrain] at Flickr * [http://www.ecalgrain.com Tout sur la Baie d'Écalgrain]
{{Commons category|Jobourg}}
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Category:Former communes of Manche Category:Geology of France
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