Jianfengia

{{Short description|Extinct genus of arthropods}} {{Speciesbox | image = Jianfengia.png | image_upright = 1.3 | image_caption = Specimen NIGPAS 169957 from Mafang (scale bar: 1 mm) | image2 = Aria et al. 2020 Jianfengia multisegmentalis reconstruction.png | image2_caption = Diagram in lateral view | fossil_range = Cambrian Stage 3 (Atdabanian)<br />~{{fossil range|521|514}} | parent_authority = Hou, 1987 | taxon = Jianfengia multisegmentalis | parent = Jianfengia | authority = Hou, 1987 }} left|thumb|Life restoration

'''''Jianfengia''''' is an extinct genus of Middle Cambrian (Atdabanian) megacheiran arthropod found in the Maotianshan Shale Lagerstätte of China. It contains the single species '''''Jianfengia multisegmentalis'''''.<ref name=FWJianfengia>[http://www.paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=19076 ''Jianfengia''] in the Paleobiology Database</ref> The body is extremely elongated, though the animal itself was relatively small at less than {{Convert|4|cm|in}} in length.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Aria |first1=Cédric |last2=Zhao |first2=Fangchen |last3=Zeng |first3=Han |last4=Guo |first4=Jin |last5=Zhu |first5=Maoyan |date=December 2020 |title=Fossils from South China redefine the ancestral euarthropod body plan |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |language=en |volume=20 |issue=1 |page=4 |doi=10.1186/s12862-019-1560-7 |issn=1471-2148 |pmc=6950928 |pmid=31914921 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2020BMCEE..20....4A }}</ref> The head has a pair of stalked eyes, a hypostome/labrum complex, a pair of great appendages with five podomeres, and four pairs of biramous limbs.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Xilin |last2=Liu |first2=Yu |last3=O'Flynn |first3=Robert J. |last4=Schmidt |first4=Michel |last5=Melzer |first5=Roland R. |last6=Hou |first6=Xianguang |last7=Mai |first7=Huijuan |last8=Guo |first8=Jin |last9=Yu |first9=Mengxiao |last10=Ortega-Hernández |first10=Javier |date=September 2022 |editor-last=Zhang |editor-first=Xi-Guang |title=Ventral organization of Jianfengia multisegmentalis Hou, and its implications for the head segmentation of megacheirans |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/pala.12624 |journal=Palaeontology |language=en |volume=65 |issue=5 |article-number=12624 |doi=10.1111/pala.12624 |bibcode=2022Palgy..6512624Z |s2cid=252954394 |issn=0031-0239|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The maximum known number of trunk segments is 27, though most known specimens have 20, which are associated with pairs of biramous appendages, and the body ends with a telson spine. It has been placed as a member of the family Jiangfengiidae, alongside ''Fortiforceps'' and ''Sklerolibyon'' as well as possibly ''Parapeytoia''.<ref name=":0" /> Different phylogenetic studies recovered it as a member of the stem group of Euarthropoda,<ref name=":0" /> a member of the stem group of Chelicerata<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Parry |first1=L. A. |last2=Briggs |first2=D. E. G. |last3=Ran |first3=R. |last4=O'Flynn |first4=R. J. |last5=Mai |first5=H. |last6=Clark |first6=E. G. |last7=Liu |first7=Y. |year=2024 |title=A pyritized Ordovician leanchoiliid arthropod |journal=Current Biology |volume=34 |issue=23 |pages=5578–5586.e2 |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.013 |pmid=39476836 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2024CBio...34.5578P }}</ref> or the sister taxon of the total group of Mandibulata, based on a reconstruction of its brain and nervous system.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Strausfeld |first1=N. J. |last2=Andrew |first2=D. R. |last3=Hou |first3=X. |last4=Hirth |first4=F. |year=2025 |title=Brain anatomy of the Cambrian fossil ''Jianfengia multisegmentalis'' informs euarthropod phylogeny |journal=Nature Communications |volume=16 |article-number=7938 |doi=10.1038/s41467-025-62849-w |pmid=40877252 |pmc=12394709 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

== See also == * List of Chengjiang Biota species by phylum * ''Megadictyon''

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Megacheira Category:Cambrian arthropods Category:Cambrian arthropods of Asia Category:Cambrian Series 2 first appearances Category:Maotianshan shales fossils Category:Fossil taxa described in 1987 Category:Monotypic Megacheira genera Category:Cambrian genus extinctions